Prompt: Question: Tell me a bio of Tony Bellew.

Tony Bellew

<s>Tony Bellew Anthony Lewis Bellew (born 30 November 1982; pr. Tony BAY-loo) is an English former professional boxer who competed from 2007 to 2018, and has since worked as a boxing analyst and commentator. He held the WBC cruiserweight title from 2016 to 2017, and challenged for the undisputed cruiserweight championship in 2018. At regional level, he held the British and Commonwealth light-heavyweight titles between 2010 and 2014, the European cruiserweight title from 2015 to 2016, and is a three-time ABA heavyweight champion as an amateur. He portrayed antagonist boxer Ricky Conlan in the films "Creed" and "Creed III."</s><s>Early life. Anthony Lewis Bellew was born in the Toxteth area of Liverpool on 30 November 1982, the son of a black mother and white father. He first lived on Mulgrave Street in Toxteth, later moving to Smithdown Road in nearby Wavertree.</s><s>Amateur career. Fighting out of Liverpool's Rotunda ABC, Bellew claimed both the 2002 and 2003 novice ABA titles by knocking out every man he faced with the exception of Rob Hough who went the 3 rounds from Paramount ABC (Stockport) in the under 10 bouts championships. Then, when

Tony Bellew

he was eligible for the Senior championships, he stepped up to the 91 kg heavyweight class and added even more titles to his collection. In 2006 he lost to Danny Price.</s><s>Professional career.</s><s>Professional career.:Light-heavyweight.</s><s>Professional career.:Light-heavyweight.:Early career. Bellew made his professional boxing debut on 6 October 2007 with a 2nd-round TKO against journeyman Jamie Ambler. He followed up the victory with further wins in 2007 over Adam Wilcox, fighting at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff and Wayne Brooks at the Bolton Arena. In 2008 Bellew defeated Paul Bonson, Ayitey Powers, Hastings Rasani, Jevgēņijs Andrejevs, and Phil Goodwin to take his record up to 8–0. During 2009 he advanced to an unbeaten 12–0 with further wins against Matthew Ellis, Nick Okoth, Jindrich Velecky, and Martial Bella Oleme.</s><s>Professional career.:Light-heavyweight.:Commonwealth champion. On 12 March 2010 Bellew challenged for the vacant Commonwealth light-heavyweight title, defeating Atoli Moore at the Echo Arena in Liverpool. He made his first defence of the title on 24 September 2010, defeating Bob Ajis

Tony Bellew

afe at the Grosvenor House Hotel in London with Bellew having to recover from a flash knockdown during the fight. He made his second defence of the title on 9 December 2010, returning to the Echo Arena to stop former Commonwealth champion Ovill McKenzie in the eighth-round despite suffering two knockdowns himself in both the first and second rounds. On 18 May 2011 it was announced that Bellew would challenge Nathan Cleverly for the WBO light-heavyweight title following a pullout from Cleverly's scheduled opponent Jürgen Brähmer with the fight due to be held only three days later on 21 May 2011. Bellew however, failed to make the weight and was replaced with Aleksy Kuziemski. On 16 July 2011 Bellew made the third defence of his Commonwealth title and also won the vacant British title with a repeat victory over Ovill McKenzie, with the bout this time lasting the full twelve rounds.</s><s>Professional career.:Light-heavyweight.:Bellew vs. Cleverly. It was announced that Bellew would fight Nathan Cleverly in Liverpool, on 15 October 2011, for the WBO light-heavyweight title. Cleverly won the fight via majority decision (MD). One judge scored the bout at 114

Tony Bellew

–114 whereas the other two judges scored the bout at 116–113, and 117–112. After losing to Cleverly, Bellew took on Danny McIntosh for the vacant British light-heavyweight title, knocking McIntosh out in the fifth round. Next he took on former world title challenger Edison Miranda for the WBC International title, and stopped Miranda in the ninth round.</s><s>Professional career.:Light-heavyweight.:Bellew vs. Chilemba I, II. On 17 November 2012 he beat Roberto Bolonti for the WBC Silver title. Bellew was cut badly but went the full twelve rounds to a win unanimous decision (UD), taking him one step further to a second world title fight. On 30 March 2013, he fought Isaac Chilemba in a title eliminator. The judges scored it a controversial draw. Chilemba granted a rematch which Bellew won on the scorecards after twelve rounds via UD (unanimous decision), with 117–112, and 116–112 twice.</s><s>Professional career.:Light-heavyweight.:Bellew vs. Stevenson. Bellew was made mandatory challenger for the WBC light-heavyweight title following the win against Chilemba. However, a fight between Adonis Stevenson and

Tony Bellew

Tavoris Cloud occurred on 28 September 2013 with the winner being made to defend his title against Bellew before the end of the year. Stevenson became the first boxer to stop Bellew, winning the fight via technical knockout (TKO). In round six, Stevenson put Bellew down with a left hand, he beat the count and the referee let the fight go on. Bellew was then on the receiving end of another pair of left hands before the referee could get in and put a stop to the bout. At the time of stoppage, Stevenson was ahead on the scorecards with 50–45 twice, and 49–46. Bellew contemplated moving up to cruiserweight after the loss. According to Nielsen Media Research firm, the fight attracted an average of 1.3 million viewers on the HBO network, making it the fifth most watched bout of 2013.</s><s>Professional career.:Cruiserweight. Bellew celebrated his first fight as a cruiserweight with a twelfth-round knockout (KO) of Valery Brudov on 15 March 2014 at the Echo Arena in Liverpool. This was for the vacant WBO International cruiserweight title. Bellew successfully defended the title on 12 July 2014 against Julio Cesar Dos Santos via fifth-round TKO. Dos

Tony Bellew

Santos went down following a left to the jaw.</s><s>Professional career.:Cruiserweight.:Bellew vs. Cleverly II. On 22 November 2014 Bellew got his rematch against Nathan Cleverly, this time fighting as cruiserweights. The fight took place at the Echo Arena in Liverpool also a WBO cruiserweight championship eliminator. The title was held by Marco Huck at the time. The bout went twelve rounds as Bellew won via split decision (SD). One judge scored the bout 115–114 in favour of Cleverly whereas the other two judges scored the bout 116–112, and 115–113 in favour of Bellew. In the post-fight interview, Bellew said, "I'm over the moon, listen it's over, it's put to bed. We said a lot of things. I don't like him now, but it's been settled tonight. It's over, it's done and I've outworked a great athlete." He also stated that he would accept a rematch at Millennium Stadium if there was any demand for it. Cleverly said he struggled with dealing with Bellew at a higher weight. After the fight, Cleverly moved back down to light-heavyweight. In 2015, Bellew fought two lower ranked opponents

Tony Bellew

, defeating Ivica Bačurin via tenth-round TKO and Artūrs Kuļikauskis via fifth-round TKO.</s><s>Professional career.:Cruiserweight.:Bellew vs. Masternak. On 29 November 2015, Sky Sports confirmed that Bellew would fight highly ranked contender and former world title challenger Mateusz Masternak (36–3, 26 KOs) for the vacant European cruiserweight title. The fight took place on 12 December at the O2 Arena in London, as part of the undercard for Anthony Joshua vs. Dillian Whyte. Bellew produced a solid performance as the fight with Masternak was back and forth throughout. Going into the twelfth round, Bellew was winning by one round. Bellew won the fight via UD, with scores of 115–113, and 115–112 twice to capture the European title. Bellew earned an £80,000 purse for the bout.</s><s>Professional career.:Cruiserweight.:Bellew vs. Makabu. On 29 May 2016, Bellew challenged for the WBC cruiserweight title, vacated by Grigory Drozd, who had been injured and not fought since his KO win in May 2015.

Tony Bellew

Bellew faced Ilunga Makabu (19–1, 18 KOs), who had not lost since his debut back in 2008, at Goodison Park in Liverpool. Makabu was scheduled to fight Drozd, only for the Russian to pull out with an injury, prompting the WBC to strip him. Bellew weighed in at 14st 3lbs 1oz while Makabu took to the scales at just over 14st. Bellew overcame a first-round knockdown to KO Makabu and become WBC champion, winning his first world title. During the post-fight interview, Bellew called out Denis Lebedev, but not in Russia and David Haye at cruiserweight.</s><s>Professional career.:Cruiserweight.:Bellew vs. Flores. Bellew announced he would be making his first voluntary defence of his world title at the Echo Arena on 15 October, against 37-year-old BJ Flores (32–2–1, 20 KOs) live on Sky Sports. This was the first time Flores challenged for a major world title, having previously fought for an interim title and the IBO title. The WBC stated the winner had to fight Mairis Briedis next, the mandatory challenger, following

Tony Bellew

his win over Olanrewaju Durodola. Briedis also fought on the undercard, stopping unbeaten prospect Simon Vallily. Briedis agreed to take a step aside fee to allow this fight to take place. After an even first round, the second round produced more action as Bellew hit Flores with a low blow. The referee did not see this as below the belt, however, Flores stopped for a few seconds to motion the referee that he had been hit with a low blow. Whilst doing so, Bellew piled on more pressure, eventually knocking Flores down. Bellew knocked Flores down a further two times in round two, securing a 10–6 round in his favour. After a fourth knockdown in round three, Flores failed to beat the referee's count, the referee declaring Bellew the winner via KO and Bellew making a first successful defence of his WBC title. Following the win, Bellew called out former Cruiserweight and heavyweight world champion David Haye, who was ringside, repeating that he was next. Referring to Haye as 'SpongeBob', Bellew carried on the verbal assault in the post-fight interview using profanity and taunting Haye, stating he has been 'conning the British public

Tony Bellew

' since he announced his comeback. Eddie Hearn claimed the fight could take place at heavyweight or at cruiserweight for Bellew's WBC title.</s><s>Professional career.:Heavyweight.</s><s>Professional career.:Heavyweight.:Bellew vs. Haye I, II. On 25 November 2016, Eddie Hearn announced via Twitter that Bellew's next fight would be against Haye. The fight date was set for 4 March 2017 at The O2 Arena, London and was shown on Sky Box Office and was Bellew's first heavyweight fight. Due to the fight being at heavyweight, Bellew's WBC cruiserweight title was not on the line. At the first press conference on 30 November, a fight broke out as Bellew and Haye went face to face and it appeared on the replay, Haye had managed to land a left hook on Bellew, leaving a mark. Both fighters were then separated before going their own ways. On 3 March 2017, Haye weighed 224.9 lbs, heavier than Bellew who came in at 213 lbs, a career high. The bout started as a stalemate until the sixth round, where Haye injured his ankle and fell down twice. Bellew then took control of the fight as Haye opted to

Tony Bellew

continue. Bellew knocked Haye down and out of the ropes late in the eleventh round. Haye managed to make it to his feet, but his trainer Shane McGuigan threw in the towel, giving Bellew a TKO win. Bellew credited Haye for his bravery, while Haye refused to blame his injury and stated that Bellew was "by far the better fighter", though stated that he wanted a rematch. Bellew contemplated retiring after claiming he had done it all. He also revealed he broke his hand in the early rounds. At the time of stoppage, Bellew led on all three scorecards 96–93. With a 60–40 split of the £7 million purse, Haye earned £4.2 million while Bellew eaned £2.8 million, his biggest purse by far. It was reported that the fight generated 890,000 buys on Sky Box Office PPV. On 14 March, Hearn said that Bellew would fight again in 2017, a day later, he told Sky Sports that Bellew may need surgery on his broken hand which could see him out of action for up to five months. On 28 March, the WBC changed Bellew's world championship status to Emeritus champion. This

Tony Bellew

also meant the winner between Marco Huck and Mairis Briedis on 1 April would become new world champion and not interim, as it was initially announced. The bout was won by Briedis, thus making him the new WBC champion. In June 2017, Bellew stated that he would next fight in either November or December 2017. He had three potential names to consider, those being WBO heavyweight champion Joseph Parker, WBC heavyweight champion Deontay Wilder and a rematch with Haye. Parker was his main interest. In July 2017, Bellew admitted that a potential fight with widely regarded pound for pound number one fighter and unified light-heavyweight champion Andre Ward was of interest and the teams of the respective fighters were currently in negotiations. On 3 August, Hearn stated a rematch between Bellew and Haye was 'virtually dead', due to both fighters believing they are the A-side and have the right to demand ring walks, poster, changing rooms and split of purse. On 6 September, Hearn stated a deal could be made within seven days. According to trainer David Coldwell, both Haye and Bellew had held positive talks and looking more likely to agree to a fight, as long they stay on the same page and agree to

Tony Bellew

the same terms. On 19 September, Haye agreed all the terms and tweeted Bellew to sign the contract. He said, "It's taken months of negotiating but teams have finally agreed all terms for Haye-Bellew 2. Will Bellew put pen to paper?" The fight was reported to take place on Sunday 17 December 2017. Promoter Eddie Hearn stated the fight was not a done deal, but he had hoped to confirm the fight within a week. Bellew replied the following day, tweeting, "I OBLIGE YOU @mrdavidhaye, happy? Now leave me alone with my family please. I'll see you soon enough!" The fight was officially confirmed on 29 September for the fight to take place at The O2 Arena in London. Bellew claimed the rematch wasn't personal any more, just business and hoping to dedicate a win to his late brother-in-law, who had died in August. Haye stated that Bellew wouldn't win the lottery twice. Like the first fight, it was scheduled to be shown live on Sky Box Office. On 20 November, it was reported that Haye had injured his arm and forced to pull out of the fight. In a statement, Haye said, "I

Tony Bellew

am devastated to announce my much-anticipated rematch against Tony Bellew has been postponed until 24 March or 5 May, subject to scheduling. It was believed that the injury occurred during a stair conditioning session." Bellew was said to be disappointed with Haye's announcement, but stated he may take an interim bout. Hours after the cancellation was confirmed, Tyson Fury released a video on social media calling out Bellew. In the video, he said, "I'll be ready, willing and waiting to fight Tony Bellew, May 5, O2 Arena, London." Dillian Whyte tweeted Hearn about taking Haye's place and then called Bellew a coward for declining the fight. Speaking about a potential Fury fight, trainer Dave Coldwell said, "That's not a fight I would entertain whatsoever. Fury is big, long and very, very clever in that ring. There's no way that I'd be interested in that fight." Fury himself denigrated Bellew and his corner stating that: "They are not good enough to tie my shoelaces. They're not good enough to hold my jock strap." The fight was rescheduled for 5 May 2018. Haye weighed 220.2 lbs, 4 lbs lighter than the first fight. Bellew also

Tony Bellew

came in lighter 210.4 lbs. Bellew knocked Haye down three times, eventually winning the fight via TKO in round five. Haye started the opening two rounds using his jab, leaving a mark around Bellew's right eye. As round three began, both boxers started getting closer and unloading power shots. As Haye started to step backwards around the ring, Bellew landed clean, dropping Haye. At this point it appeared Haye may have injured his ankle, with the Sky Sports commentary team mentioning this, as well as the post-fight interviewer. Haye later denied he was injured. Bellew then dropped Haye again with a hard combination. Bellew came out cautiously in round four, still wary of Haye's power. In round five, both traded punches, but it was a left hook from Bellew that dropped Haye a third time. Haye managed to beat the count again, not long before Bellew started unloading a barrage of punches. With Haye against the ropes, referee Howard Foster stepped in at 2 minutes 14 seconds, giving Bellew his second stoppage win over Haye. Immediately after the fight Haye congratulated Bellew on the win. Bellew went on to dedicate the win to Ashley, his

Tony Bellew

brother-in-law, who had died in August 2017. He also mentioned Andre Ward, who his team had brief negotiations with in 2017. Haye stated he would review the tapes and see what went wrong. According to CompuBox stats, Haye landed 42 of 189 punches thrown (22%), only 6 being power punches and Bellew landed 70 of his 219 thrown (32%), with 34 being power punches. Both boxers earned a minimum purse of £2.5 million for the fight, which would increase based on TV revenue and PPV shares.</s><s>Professional career.:Return to cruiserweight.</s><s>Professional career.:Return to cruiserweight.:Bellew vs. Usyk. On 21 July 2018, Oleksandr Usyk (15–0, 11 KOs) defeated Murat Gassiev via UD to become the undisputed cruiserweight world champion. When asked who he would like to fight next, Usyk said, "At this time I have heard that Tony Bellew wants to fight the winner of the Muhammad Ali Trophy. I hope he will see me talking... 'hey Tony Bellew, are you ready?' If he doesn't want to go down, I will go up for him. I will eat more spaghetti

Tony Bellew

for my dinner!" Bellew responded via social media that he would accept the fight, however stated the fight would need to take place in 2018 and for the undisputed championship. Bellew believed a fight at heavyweight would not be as appealing as he would not gain much with a win. Bellew also stated it would be his last fight as a professional. By the end of July, it was said the fight would likely take place in November 2018 in London. After positive meetings between Eddie Hearn and K2's Alexander Krassyuk, on 20 August, Boxing Scene reported the fight was likely to take place on 10 November 2018. A week later, K2 Promotions confirmed the date of the fight. On 5 September, the WBA ordered Usyk to start negotiating with Denis Lebedev, who was their 'champion in recess' and gave them until the first week of October 2018 to complete negotiations. This was said to be a stumbling block for the potential Usyk vs. Bellew fight. According to Hearn, the fight was likely to be pushed back to 2019. Prior to negotiations, Bellew stated the fight must happen in 2018. On 7 September, Usyk signed a multi-fight deal with Matchroom Boxing, which meant he

Tony Bellew

would fight exclusively on Sky Sports in the UK and DAZN in the US. A week after signing with Matchroom, the Usyk vs. Bellew fight was announced to take place on 10 November at the Manchester Arena, live and exclusive on Sky Box Office. Experienced British referee Terry O'Connor was named as the official. Bellew weighed 199¼ lbs, just over 2 years since he last made the cruiserweight limit and Usyk weighed 198¼ lbs. Bellew's guaranteed purse for the fight was £4 million. On fight night, Usyk, who is usually a slow starter, eventually took full control of the bout and stopped Bellew in round eight to retain all the cruiserweight belts. The official time of the stoppage was at 2 minutes of round eight. There was very little action in round one as both boxers showed each other respect. Due to the lack of action, the crowd began to boo towards the end of the round. Overall, Usyk landed just three jabs and Bellew landed one power shot. Round two was similar, however Bellew stepped on the gas and landed some clean shots along with some showboating. Bellew took control in round three, landing two straight right hands.

Tony Bellew

Usyk began using his jab more and after landing an overhand left, Bellew was left slightly shaken. By the end of round four, Bellew was backed up against the ropes and looked to tire. Bellew aimed most of his shots to Usyk's body and by round seven, was missing a lot of shots, mostly due to Usyk's foot movement, and ended the round with a bloodied nose. In round eight, whilst in a neutral corner, Usyk landed a hard left, again buzzing Bellew, forcing him to move away against the ropes. Another left hand wobbled Bellew before Usyk finished him off with another left which dropped Bellew backwards with his head landing on the bottom rope. A brave Bellew tried to get up slowly and beat the count but referee Terry O'Connor stopped the fight. Bellew's ten-fight winning streak came to an end. Judges Alejandro Cid and Steve Gray scored the first seven rounds 68–65 and 67–66 respectively in favour of Bellew, while Yury Koptsev had the fight 67–67. Afterwards, Bellew paid tribute to Usyk and announced his retirement from boxing, saying, "I have been doing this for 20 years

Tony Bellew

, and it is over." Usyk stated 2018 was the most difficult year of his career, but most successful. "We need to put goals in front of us and move towards them," Usyk later stated. There was a small concern during Bellew's post-fight interview as many felt he was clearly concussed. According to CompuBox stats, Usyk landed 112 of his 424 punches thrown (26%) and Bellew landed 61 of his 268 thrown (23%). Both landed 47 power shots each.</s><s>Professional career.:Retirement. Bellew announced his retirement in the ring following his defeat to Usyk. He retired with a record of 30 wins from 34 professional bouts, with 20 coming inside the distance. He suffered 3 losses and one draw. All three losses came against reigning world champions. During the post-fight press conference, Bellew stated, "It's definitely over now, you won't see me in a boxing ring again. I just want a normal life, I don't want this pressure. I only created the name Tony Bellew to make my dad proud. I’ve never been Tony Bellew, I’ve always been Anthony. Everyone who truly knows me calls me Anthony. Tony Bellew died

Tony Bellew

on Saturday, Anthony Bellew comes back alive. I want reality back." He claimed his body could no longer take it. On 22 November 2018, via social media, Bellew posted a video and a statement officially confirming his retirement from boxing. In 2020, Tony took part in the Channel 4 Show "". In 2021, Tony Bellew joined the UK commentary team for DAZN, contributing to their UK boxing coverage and schedule. On 22 February 2023, regarding the potential upcoming fight planned for Usyk and Tyson Fury, Bellew felt that Usyk would hold an advantage over Fury if the two were to have a championship fight.</s><s>Personal life. Bellew is an avid supporter of his hometown football team Everton F.C., and has been paraded on the pitch at Goodison Park at half-time during a home game. During his career, he entered the ring to the theme from "Z-Cars", the same song to which the team enters the pitch at their home ground.</s>


Prompt: Question: Tell me a bio of Daniel Bedingfield.

Daniel Bedingfield

<s>Daniel Bedingfield Daniel John Bedingfield (born 3 December 1979) is a New Zealand-British singer, songwriter, record producer and actor. He is the eldest brother of fellow singers Natasha Bedingfield and Nikola Rachelle. He was a judge on "The X Factor New Zealand" in 2013.</s><s>Early life. Bedingfield spent much of his early life in Auckland, New Zealand, and attended Lynfield College.</s><s>Music career.</s><s>Music career.:2001–2003: "Gotta Get Thru This" and international breakthrough. He released his first single, "Gotta Get Thru This" in November 2001. It gathered momentum on white label through the UK garage music scene, and peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart. He has since had two more number-one singles on the chart, "If You're Not The One" and "Never Gonna Leave Your Side", as well as three further top ten hits. His debut album, also titled "Gotta Get Thru This", which was recorded at home using Making Waves Audio software and Reason, peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart and went on to sell more than 4 million copies worldwide.</s><s>Music career.:2004–2011

Daniel Bedingfield

: "Second First Impression" and other projects. In 2004, Bedingfield won a BRIT Award for Best British Male Artist. He then moved to the Universal Music subsidiary label Polydor Records to release his second album, "Second First Impression", which reached number 8 in the UK. The album sold poorly compared to his first offering, though it did include two UK Top 20 singles, "Nothing Hurts Like Love" (which reached number three) and "Wrap My Words Around You" (which peaked at number 12). The third and final single, "The Way", became his first to miss the top 40, reaching number 41. The album was also released in Singapore (featuring 'If You're Not The One' as a bonus track). In an interview with the "New Zealand Herald" in April 2007, Bedingfield said that, after a four-year hiatus, he had three albums recorded and awaiting release. Since his last release in 2004, Bedingfield continued to work with other artists. He co-wrote the song "Works for Me!" for "American Idol" finalist David Archuleta. He has also worked with Pixie Lott, and contributed guest vocals on a track by a former member of The Roots. In

Daniel Bedingfield

December 2009, he co-wrote material with Tessanne Chin as well as recorded three songs with Busy Signal at DJ Karim's Stainless Records studios in Kingston, Jamaica. Bedingfield provided backing vocals for the Kirsten Morrell track "He Walked In" from the album Ultraviolet, which was released in May 2010. In December 2010, Bedingfield spent a month in Tel Aviv, Israel, where he wrote and recorded a song with a local freak folk band, The Raw Men Empire. He concluded his visit with a Tel Aviv gig, hosting Uzi Feinerman, The Raw Men Empire and a variety of other Israeli musicians. In July 2011, he recorded on a dancehall riddim called the Overproof Riddim. Like many of the songs on this riddim, it has been getting good rotation in Jamaica.</s><s>Music career.:2012–present: "Stop the Traffik", "The X Factor" and acting. In February 2012, Bedingfield released the single "Rocks Off" with an accompanying video on MTV which can be viewed here. "Rocks Off" was released alongside B-side "It's Not Me, It's You". On 24 April, Bedingfield released the EP "Stop the Traff

Daniel Bedingfield

ik – Secret Fear", his first EP release since becoming independent. The EP featured both the previously released "Rocks Off" and "It's Not Me, Its You" as well as five other new tracks. The EP was followed by the release of "Secret Fear" as a single, the video features adult scenes and has gone on to win several awards. On 21 December 2012, Bedingfield took up a role as a judge for the first New Zealand series of "The X Factor" joining Stan Walker, Melanie Blatt and Ruby Frost. The series premiered on TV3 on 21 April 2013. Bedingfield mentored the Girls category. His sister Natasha appeared as an assistant during the Judges Retreats round. Bedingfield was the winning mentor of series one when his act Jackie Thomas won the competition. Bedingfield co-wrote "I Wanna Feel" by SecondCity, which debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart on 1 June 2014 and stayed in the top 20 for the next six weeks. The song was Bedingfield's fourth number one in the UK. He spent time working in the studio with K-pop group Spica, including co-producing their first English language single "I Did It". He was also the group

Daniel Bedingfield

's vocal director. In 2015, he co-wrote the song "Testify" which was included on "The X Factor UK" 2014 winner Ben Haenow's self-titled debut studio album. From February 2016, Bedingfield appeared in the West End musical "The War of the Worlds" as The Artilleryman. Bedingfield left the show in April 2016.</s><s>Personal life. While on holiday visiting his parents in New Zealand in 2004, Bedingfield nearly died in a serious car accident, which left him with severe head and neck injuries because of the car rolling on him. His mother, Molly Bedingfield, is founder and CEO of Global Angels, for which Daniel is doing fundraising work. Bedingfield also helped to launch the Stop the Traffik coalition against modern day slavery.</s><s>Discography. - "Gotta Get Thru This" (2002) - "Second First Impression" (2004)</s><s>Awards and nominations.! Year!! Awards!! Category!! Work!! Result</s><s>See also. - List of number-one dance hits (United States) - List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. dance chart</s>


Prompt: Question: Tell me a bio of Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland.

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

<s>Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland Prince Carl Philip of Sweden, Duke of Värmland (Carl Philip Edmund Bertil; born 13 May 1979) is the only son and the second of three children of King Carl XVI Gustaf and Queen Silvia., Prince Carl Philip is fourth in the line of succession, after his older sister, Crown Princess Victoria, his niece and goddaughter Princess Estelle, and his nephew Prince Oscar. He lives with his wife, Princess Sofia, and three sons, Prince Alexander, Prince Gabriel and Prince Julian in Villa Solbacken in Djurgården, Stockholm.</s><s>Early life and education. Prince Carl Philip was born on 13 May 1979 at Stockholm Palace, Sweden. He was baptised at the Royal Chapel on 31 August 1979. His mother is of half German and half Brazilian descent. Carl Philip was heir apparent to the throne of Sweden (and thus held the title Crown Prince) for seven months, until 1 January 1980 when a change in the constitution came into effect which made natural birth order the basis for succession to the throne, replacing the principle of agnatic primogeniture. His elder sister Victoria became heir apparent and Crown Princess, with Carl Philip becoming second in line. During 1984–

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

1986, Prince Carl Philip attended the Västerled parish preschool. In the autumn of 1986, he started school at Smedslättsskolan in Bromma which he attended at junior level. For the intermediate level, he attended Ålstensskolan in Bromma, proceeding from there, in the autumn of 1992, to senior level at Enskilda Gymnasiet in Stockholm. In the autumn of 1994, Carl Philip enrolled at Kent School. He then continued his studies in a science programme at Lundsbergs upper secondary school. He graduated in the spring of 1999. In 2007–2008, he studied graphic design at the Rhode Island School of Design for one year. In 2011, Prince Carl Philip finished his studies in Agricultural and Rural Management at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in Alnarp. Carl Philip has dyslexia, as do his father King Carl XVI Gustaf and his sister Crown Princess Victoria.</s><s>Interests. Prince Carl Philip has been a scout and is fond of outdoor life. He is keen on sport and athletics, especially football, swimming, sailing and skiing. In 2003, he completed the historic Swedish "Vasaloppet", the longest cross country ski race in the world. Carl Philip also enjoys

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

car racing, a passion he inherited from his great-uncle and godfather, Prince Bertil, and has a licence to compete. Prince Carl Philip has taken part in the racing series Porsche Carrera Cup Scandinavia in a Porsche 911 GT3. Since 2013 he has raced in the Scandinavian Touring Car Championship. The prince completed his military service at the Amphibious Battalion at Vaxholm Coastal Artillery Regiment as a combat boat commander (Combat Boat 90) in the autumn of 2000. In December 2002, the Prince was promoted to second lieutenant, and in 2004 to the rank of lieutenant in the Swedish Amphibious Corps. In 2007 and 2008 he went to the Swedish National Defense College. The course was divided in three weeks autumn 2007 and three weeks spring 2008. After that course he was appointed captain. On 1 October 2014, Prince Carl Philip achieved the rank of major. With a great interest for design and drawing, the prince began studying graphic design in Stockholm in 2003, studies which he continues still.</s><s>Activities and charity work. Prince Carl Philip and Princess Sofia's Foundation was established to mark the occasion of the couple's marriage in 2015. The foundation's purpose is to counteract bullying. In 2013, the Prince Carl Philip Racing Cup was founded. The

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

racing cup aims to help young people with karting talents progress within the sport. The Prince with the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences conducts a range of visits to companies, with focus on the companies' creative work. Prince Carl Philip is a patron of several organizations such as The Swedish National Dyslexia Association, The Swedish Rural Economy and Agricultural Societies, The International Union for Conservation of Nature, The Royal Swedish Motorboat Club and others.</s><s>Personal life and family. Prince Carl Philip dated Emma Pernald from 1999 to 2009. Pernald worked at a PR firm for several years. However, the prince and Pernald broke off their relationship in March 2009. She revealed in the Swedish newspaper "Expressen" that she and the prince mutually decided to go their separate ways. Pernald made no further comment as to the reason for the break-up. In April 2010, Carl Philip was linked in the press with former glamour model Sofia Hellqvist. In August 2010, Royal Court spokesperson Nina Eldh confirmed the relationship between Carl Philip and Hellqvist in a statement released by the palace. On 27 June 2014, it was announced that Carl Philip and Hellqvist were engaged. They married on 13 June 2015 in Stockholm's Royal Palace

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

chapel, and thousands of people lined the streets for the occasion. In an interview he criticized the press for suggesting that Hellqvist was not welcome in the royal family. He told the press that the opposite was true and that his family easily accepted her into the family. He compared the "bullying" of her past to that of himself being bullied for having dyslexia. The couple was due to move into the Villa Solbacken which had been vacant since the death of Princess Lilian, and while it was being renovated, they lived in Rosendal Palace until 2017. The couple has three sons: - On 19 April 2016, Princess Sofia gave birth to a son, Prince Alexander Erik Hubertus Bertil, Duke of Södermanland, at Danderyd Hospital. He was baptised by Archbishop Antje Jackelén in the Palace Chapel at Drottningholm Palace on 9 September 2016. - Their second child, Prince Gabriel Carl Walter, Duke of Dalarna, was born on 31 August 2017 at Danderyd Hospital. He was baptised by Archbishop Emeritus Anders Wejryd at Drottningholm on 1 December 2017. - Their third son, Prince Julian Herbert Folke, Duke of Halland, was

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

born on 26 March 2021 at Danderyd Hospital. His christening took place on 14 August 2021 in the Drottningholm Palace Chapel. On 7 October 2019, Carl Philip's father, the king, issued a statement rescinding the royal status of Prince Alexander and Prince Gabriel in an effort to more strictly associate Swedish royalty to the office of the head of state; they are still to be styled as princes and dukes of their provinces, and they remain in the line of succession to the throne. English communiqué Carl Philip and his wife commented that their sons now will have more freedom of choice for their future lives.</s><s>Honours. National honours - Knight of the Royal Order of the Seraphim (RoKavKMO) - Commander of the Royal Order of the Polar Star (KNO) - Knight of the Royal Order of Charles XIII (RCXIII:sO, not worn as Prince Carl Philip is not a Freemason) - Recipient of the King Carl XVI Gustaf's Jubilee Commemorative Medal I (30 April 1996) - Recipient of the Crown Princess Victoria and Prince Daniel's Wedding Commemorative Medal (8 June 2010) - Recipient of the King Carl XVI Gustaf's Jubilee Commemorative

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

Medal II (23 August 2013) - Recipient of the King Carl XVI Gustaf's Jubilee Commemorative Medal III (30 April 2016) - Recipient of the - Recipient of the Swedish Armed Forces Conscript Medal - Recipient of the Swedish National Defence College Commemorative Medal ("Försvarshögskolans minnesmedalj") - Recipient of the Medal of Merit in gold ("Fredsbaskrarna Sveriges förtjänstmedalj i guld") (22 January 2013) Foreign honours - Bulgaria: 1st Class of the Order of the Balkan Mountains - Brazil: Grand Cross of the Order of Rio Branco - Chile: Grand Cross of the Order of Merit - Estonia: Member 1st Class of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana - Finland: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Rose - Germany: Grand Cross 1st Class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany - Greece: Grand Cross of the Order of Honour - Iceland: Grand Cross of the Order of the Falcon - Italy: 1st Class / Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (2 November 2018) - Jordan: Grand C

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

ordon of the Order of the Star of Jordan - Latvia: Grand Officer of the Order of the Three Stars - Luxembourg: Grand Cross of the Order of Adolphe of Nassau - Malaysia: - Honorary Commander of the Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia (2005) - Netherlands: - Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (11 October 2022) - Norway: Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav (1 September 2005) - Spain: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit (16 November 2021) - Romania: Grand Cross of the Order of Faithful Service - Tunisia: Grand Officer of the Order of Merit Military ranks - December 2002: Second Lieutenant - 14 December 2004: Lieutenant - December 2007: Captain - 1 October 2014: Major</s><s>Arms. Prince Carl Philip's coat of arms is based on the greater coat of arms of Sweden. It features in the first and fourth quarters, the Three Crowns; in the second, the lion of the House of Bjelbo; and in the third, the eagle of the arms of Värmland, representing the titular designation of his dukedom. In the centre, on an inescutcheon, is the dynastic arms of the House of

Prince Carl Philip, Duke of Värmland

Bernadotte. Surrounding the shield is the chain of the Order of the Seraphim.</s>


Prompt: Question: Tell me a bio of Chris Woakes.

Chris Woakes

<s>Chris Woakes Christopher Roger Woakes (born 2 March 1989) is an English cricketer who plays internationally for England in all formats. In domestic cricket, he represents Warwickshire, and has played in multiple Twenty20 leagues, including for Kolkata Knight Riders, Royal Challengers Bangalore and Delhi Capitals in the Indian Premier League. Woakes made his One Day International (ODI) and Twenty20 International (T20I) debuts in 2011, and Test debut in 2013. He was part of the England teams that won the 2019 Cricket World Cup and 2022 T20 World Cup. Woakes plays as a right-handed all-rounder, bowling fast medium.</s><s>Early life. Woakes was born in March 1989 in Birmingham, and attended Barr Beacon Language College in Walsall from 2000 to 2007. He began playing cricket when he was seven years old with Aston Manor Cricket Club. He played three games in the 2006 Minor Counties Trophy for Herefordshire County Cricket Club, and played for Warwickshire's under-15, under-17, academy and Second XI teams between 2004 and 2007. Woakes is an avid supporter of local football club Aston Villa F.C. He was a trainee footballer with Walsall F

Chris Woakes

.C. as a winger until the age of 14.</s><s>Career. Woakes represented Warwickshire in one match during the 2006 season, during a West Indian tour of England. Woakes picked up three wickets in the match. He has since represented Warwickshire in the Second XI Championship. He was a regular for the Warwickshire First XI in 2008. He took 42 wickets at an average of 20.57 runs per wicket over the course of the County Championship season, topping Warwickshire's bowling averages. On 6 April 2009, Woakes was called up to the England Lions squad. Woakes made his Lions debut against the West Indies, taking of 6/43 in the first innings of the match. During the same season he scored 131 not out against Hampshire, his maiden first-class century, batting at number nine and sharing a 222-run partnership with Jonathan Trott. Woakes claimed his 200th first-class wicket in Warwickshire's victory over Sussex in the County Championship in July 2011. In the 2017 Indian Premier League auction, Woakes was bought by Kolkata Knight Riders, going on to take 17 wickets in 13 matches, with best figures of 3/6. In

Chris Woakes

the 2018 IPL auction, he was bought by Royal Challengers Bangalore, playing in five matches and taking eight wickets in the 2018 IPL. He was released by RCB ahead of the 2019 IPL auction, where he went unsold. In the 2020 IPL auction, he was bought by Delhi Capitals ahead of the 2020 Indian Premier League, but pulled out of the tournament. Chris Woakes has pulled out of IPL 2020 to keep himself fresh for England Test season. He was retained by Delhi for the 2021 season. Woakes made his Delhi Capitals debut vs CSK in match 2 of IPL 2021. In April 2022, he was bought by the Birmingham Phoenix for the 2022 season of The Hundred.</s><s>International career. Woakes made his International Twenty20 debut on 12 January 2011 against Australia in Adelaide. Opening the bowling, he took figures of 1/34 and later scored the winning runs. He featured throughout the one-day matches on the tour, and in his second One Day International took figures of 6/45. Woakes returned to the England set up in 2012 during an ODI series against South Africa and continued to feature in the one-day side against India and New Zealand later in the year. Woakes made his Test match debut against

Chris Woakes

Australia in the final Test of the 2013 Ashes series, taking 1/96 in the first innings. After being named in squads against Sri Lanka and India, Woakes played his first Test of the 2014 summer in the third Test against India. He was an integral part of England's ODI side, playing all four matches and was selected in the ODI squad that toured Sri Lanka towards the end of 2014. England toured without injured senior bowlers Stuart Broad and James Anderson, meaning Woakes was trusted with the new ball. He took figures of 6/47 in the fifth match of the series, a bowling spell which was nominated to be one of the best ODI bowling performance of the year by ESPNCricinfo. He was part of the England side for the 2015 Cricket World Cup, although injury ruled him out of England's final match of the tournament. After the injury, Woakes returned for the ODI series against Australia and Pakistan and the Test side against South Africa in 2015/16. On 21 June 2016, he scored his highest ODI score of unbeaten 95 runs in the first ODI against Sri Lanka. His score is the joint highest ODI score by number eight or lower in ODI history, a record that he shares with fellow Englishman, Sam

Chris Woakes

Curran. He made his first Test century against India (137 not out) at Lord's in August 2018, the ground where two years earlier he had his best match figures with the ball of 11/102 against Pakistan. These feats earned him a position on both Lord's honours boards, one of only ten players to achieve this, and the fifth to do so by taking ten wickets in a match. He has continued to feature in England's one-day and Test squads, and in April 2019 was named in England's squad for the 2019 Cricket World Cup. He was named the Player of the Match in the World Cup semi-final against Australia, taking three wickets to see England through to the World Cup Final against New Zealand, the teams first appearance in a final since 1992. Woakes again took three wickets in the final as England won the tournament. On 17 June 2020, Woakes was included in England's 30-man squad to start training behind closed doors for the Test series against the West Indies, and was later named in England's thirteen-man squad for the first Test match of the series. In the second Test, Woakes took his 100th wicket in Test matches. Chris Woakes reached 150 ODI wickets of his career

Chris Woakes

by taking wicket of Pathum Nissanka in 1st ODI of Sri Lanka tour of England, 2021 In September 2021, Woakes was named in England's squad for the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. In September 2022, Woakes was named in England's squad for the 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup. Woakes played in every game for England who went on to win the tournament, beating Pakistan in the final. Woakes is one of 6 players to play in both the 2019 ODI and 2022 T20 world cup winning squads.</s>


Prompt: Question: Tell me a bio of Aleksandar Kolarov.

Aleksandar Kolarov

<s>Aleksandar Kolarov Aleksandar Kolarov (; born 10 November 1985) is a Serbian former professional footballer who played as a left back. Kolarov began his career at Red Star Belgrade, but he did not break through and moved onto Čukarički in 2004. Two years later, he joined OFK Beograd before moving abroad for the first time by signing for Lazio in Serie A, where he won the Coppa Italia and Supercoppa Italiana in 2009. In 2010, he joined Manchester City, with which he won two Premier League titles, the FA Cup and the League Cup. He returned to Serie A in 2017 and saw out the remaining five years of his career with Roma and Inter Milan. Kolarov made his senior international debut for Serbia in 2008 and earned 94 caps. Kolarov was a member of Serbia's squads for the 2008 Olympics, 2010 FIFA World Cup and the 2018 FIFA World Cup. He was named Serbian Player of the Year in 2011.</s><s>Club career. Kolarov's football career started in the Red Star Belgrade youth system. He later joined the youth system of Obilić.</s><s>Club career.:Čukarički. In

Aleksandar Kolarov

2004, 18-year-old Kolarov moved across Belgrade to Čukarički, which played in the top-tier Serbia-Montenegro League. Signing a three-year contract, he finished the 2003–04 season in the club's youth setup and during the summer of 2004 was introduced to the first-team squad. Making 27 league appearances in his debut season, the youngster left a good impression but could not help the beleaguered team avoid relegation. Kolarov started the 2005–06 campaign for Čukarički in the second-tier league competition, but during the winter break controversially transferred to top-tier league club OFK Beograd.</s><s>Club career.:OFK Beograd. Kolarov joined OFK Beograd in February 2006 and finished out the season with them, scoring his first league goal.</s><s>Club career.:Lazio. In the summer of 2007, OFK Beograd sold Kolarov to Italian side Lazio (the third placed team in previous season's Serie A standings) for a €925,000 transfer fee. Kolarov's first goal for Lazio came at the Stadio Oreste Granillo in Reggio Cal

Aleksandar Kolarov

abria on 30 September 2007, as he hit a rocket from 38 metres to secure a draw against lowly Reggina. During his first season in Rome, the 21-year-old Serb also participated in the UEFA Champions League for the first time, making his debut on 24 October 2007 away at Werder Bremen in a 2–1 victory. In his second season in Italy, Kolarov established himself as Lazio's first choice at left back, scoring a spectacular goal against Lecce at the Stadio Via del Mare. It got even better for the Serbian in the second "Derby della Capitale" of the season, against city rivals Roma. With Lazio 3–2 up, Kolarov received the ball in defence from goalkeeper Fernando Muslera and proceeded to run the length of the pitch virtually unopposed. Having run 85 metres, Kolarov then slotted the ball past a helpless Doni in the Roma goal. On 13 May 2009, Kolarov played in the 2009 Coppa Italia Final against Sampdoria. The match finished 1–1 after extra time, and Kolarov scored one of Lazio's penalties in the resultant penalty shoot-out, helping Lazio win the trophy

Aleksandar Kolarov

and capping a great season for the Serbian. Lazio and 2008–09 Serie A champions Inter Milan travelled to Beijing in August 2009 to play the 2009 Supercoppa Italiana. Kolarov picked up his second winner's medal, with Lazio defeating Inter 2–1. As the 2009–10 season drew to an end, Kolarov was instantly linked with a move away from Lazio, with Manchester City and Real Madrid supposedly interested.</s><s>Club career.:Manchester City. On 24 July 2010, it was announced that Kolarov had signed for Manchester City for a reported £16 million transfer fee. On 14 August, Kolarov made his Premier League debut in the 0–0 draw against Tottenham Hotspur at White Hart Lane. On 18 January 2011, Kolarov scored his first goal for the club in a 4–2 victory over Leicester City in the FA Cup, while on 2 February 2011, Kolarov recorded his first Premier League goal from a free kick in a 2–2 draw against Birmingham City. He played the full 90 minutes as City won the 2011 FA Cup Final. The summer 2011 arrival of Gaël Clichy to the club marginalized Kolarov's role in the squad and he saw his first team opportunities

Aleksandar Kolarov

greatly reduced. On 14 September 2011, he scored an equaliser for City in the 1–1 draw against Napoli in their first 2011–12 Champions League group stage match. On 1 October 2011, he started and played the full 90 minutes in the left-back slot against Blackburn Rovers at Ewood Park in a 0–4 away victory in the Premier League. On 31 March 2012, he added another with a long-range swing which earned City a point against Sunderland at home, after coming back from 3–1 down. He ended that season with 12 league appearances, enough for a medal, as Manchester City won the 2011–12 Premier League title in dramatic circumstances on the last day of the season. On 18 September 2012, he scored a free kick in a 3–2 Champions League defeat at Real Madrid. He went on to score in the League Cup loss to Aston Villa, while in their match against Sunderland, he scored another free-kick just five minutes into the match. Kolarov scored from the penalty spot in City's 3–2 comeback victory over Bayern Munich in the final match of their Champions League group stage on 10 December 2013, securing his side a spot in the knockout stages of the Champions League for the first time in club history. He

Aleksandar Kolarov

scored his only league goal of the 2013–14 season on 1 January 2014, netting past goalkeeper Gerhard Tremmel as City defeated Swansea City by a score of 3–2. On 11 May, he won his second Premier League trophy with Manchester City after making 30 appearances in the league, and 44 in all competitions. In June 2014, Kolarov signed a new three-year deal with City, keeping him at the club until 2017.</s><s>Club career.:Roma. On 22 July 2017, Roma confirmed they had signed Kolarov on a three-year deal for a fee of €5 million. Kolarov scored on his debut for the club on 20 August, scoring the winning goal in a 1–0 win over Atalanta. On 18 October, in the UEFA Champions League, he scored in a 3–3 draw with Chelsea. Four days later, he scored the winning goal in a 1–0 win over Torino. On 26 September, Kolarov scored his first goal of the 2018–19 season in a 4–0 win over Frosinone. On 29 September, he scored against his former club and city rivals Lazio in a 3–1 win, becoming just the second player in history to have scored for

Aleksandar Kolarov

both clubs in a Rome derby.</s><s>Club career.:Inter Milan. On 8 September 2020, Kolarov joined Inter Milan on a reported one-year deal, with an option to extend for a further year, for a fee of €1.5 million. On 19 June 2022, Kolarov announced his retirement from professional football.</s><s>International career. Kolarov was a part of the successful Serbia under-21 side which reached the final of the 2007 U-21 Championships held in the Netherlands. As a key member of that side, Kolarov was named in the UEFA Team of the tournament. In the semi-final clash with Belgium, he scored a free-kick from long range. In June 2010, he was selected in Serbia's squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup, where he appeared in group stage matches against Ghana and Germany. Kolarov played a major roles in UEFA Euro 2012 qualifiers and friendlies. Kolarov was eventually rewarded for an impressive 2011 with the Serbian Footballer of the Year award. On 11 September 2012, Kolarov scored his first goal for Serbia during a 6–1 win against Wales in a 2014 World Cup qualifier. On 7 June 2013, he scored from a free kick against Belgium in a 2014 World

Aleksandar Kolarov

Cup qualifier. On 7 September 2014, he scored the equalizer in a 1–1 draw with France. Having helped Serbia qualify for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, their first international tournament for eight years, he was also included in the final 23-man squad for that competition. Kolarov scored the only goal of their opening match against Costa Rica from a free kick. He captained Serbia in all three group stage matches.</s><s>Style of play. Although primarily a left-back, Kolarov could also operate as a centre-back and anywhere along the left flank and was known for his overlapping attacking runs on the wing, his powerful ball-striking ability with his left foot, and his accuracy from free kicks.</s><s>Career statistics.</s><s>Career statistics.:International. "Score and results list Serbia's goal tally first"</s><s>Honours. Lazio - Coppa Italia: 2008–09 - Supercoppa Italiana: 2009 Manchester City - Premier League: 2011–12, 2013–14 - FA Cup: 2010–11; runner-up: 2012–13 - Football League Cup: 2013–14, 2015–16 - FA Community Shield: 2012 Inter Milan - Serie A: 2020–21 - Supercoppa Italian

Aleksandar Kolarov

a: 2021 Serbia U21 - UEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 2007 Individual - Serbian Player of the Year: 2011 - Serie A Team of the Year: 2018–19 - A.S. Roma Team of the Decade: 2010–2020</s>


Prompt: Question: Tell me a bio of Thomas Piketty.

Thomas Piketty

<s>Thomas Piketty Thomas Piketty (; born 7 May 1971) is a French economist who is Professor of Economics at the School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences, Associate Chair at the Paris School of Economics and Centennial Professor of Economics in the International Inequalities Institute at the London School of Economics. Piketty's work focuses on public economics, in particular income and wealth inequality. He is the author of the best-selling book "Capital in the Twenty-First Century" (2013), which emphasises the themes of his work on wealth concentrations and distribution over the past 250 years. The book argues that the rate of capital return in developed countries is persistently greater than the rate of economic growth, and that this will cause wealth inequality to increase in the future. Piketty proposes improving the education systems and considers diffusion of knowledge, diffusion of skills, diffusion of idea of productivity as the main mechanism that will lead to lower inequality.  In 2019, his book "Capital and Ideology" was published, which focuses on income inequality in various societies in history. His 2022 "A Brief History of Equality" is a much shorter book about wealth redistribution intended for a target audience of citizens not economists.</s><s>Early life and education. Piketty was

Thomas Piketty

born in the Parisian suburb of Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine. His parents had been involved with a Trotskyist group and the May 1968 protests in Paris but they had moved away from this political position before Piketty was born. A visit to the Soviet Union in 1991 was enough to make him a firm "believe[r] in capitalism, private property and the market". Piketty earned an S-stream (scientific) Baccalauréat, and after taking scientific preparatory classes, he entered the École Normale Supérieure (ENS) at the age of 18 where he studied mathematics and economics. At the age of 22, Piketty was awarded his PhD for a thesis on wealth redistribution, which he wrote at the London School of Economics (LSE) and EHESS under Roger Guesnerie and winning the French Economics Association's award for the best thesis of the year.</s><s>Career. After earning his PhD, Piketty taught from 1993 to 1995 as an assistant professor in the Department of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1995, he joined the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) as a researcher, and in 2000 he became a professor (

Thomas Piketty

directeur d'études) at EHESS. Piketty won the 2002 prize for the best young economist in France, and according to a list dated 11 November 2003, he is a member of the scientific orientation board of the association "À gauche, en Europe", founded by Michel Rocard and Dominique Strauss-Kahn. In 2006, Piketty became the first head of the Paris School of Economics, which he helped set up. He left after a few months to serve as an economic advisor to Socialist Party candidate Ségolène Royal during the French presidential campaign. Piketty resumed teaching at the EHESS and Paris School of Economics in 2007. He is a columnist for the French newspaper "Libération" and regularly writes op-eds for "Le Monde". In April 2012, Piketty co-authored along with 42 colleagues an open letter in support of then socialist party candidate for the French presidency François Hollande. Hollande won the contest against the incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy in May of that year. Piketty was unimpressed by Hollande's tenure, later describing him as "hopeless". In 2013, Piketty won the biennial Yrjö Jahnsson Award, for the economist under

Thomas Piketty

age 45 who has "made a contribution in theoretical and applied research that is significant to the study of economics in Europe." In January 2015, he rejected the French Legion of Honour order, stating that he refused the nomination because he did not think it was the government's role to decide who is honourable. On 27 September 2015, it was announced that he had been appointed to the British Labour Party's Economic Advisory Committee, convened by Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell and reporting to Labour Party Leader Jeremy Corbyn. The appointment of Piketty, who had previously advised Lord Wood, key policy advisor to former Labour Party Leader Ed Miliband, that tax rates could be raised above 50% for earnings over one million pounds without it impacting the economy, was seen as a particular coup for the Labour Party leadership due to his breakthrough success in the mainstream publishing world. Regarding this appointment he stated that he was very happy to take part and assist the Labour Party in constructing an economic policy that helps tackle some of the biggest issues facing people in the UK and that there was a brilliant opportunity for the Labour party to construct a fresh and new political economy which will expose austerity for the failure it has been in the UK and Europe, although he reportedly failed to attend the first meeting. In June 2016, he resigned from his

Thomas Piketty

role in Labour's Economic Advisory Committee, citing concerns over the weak campaign the party had run in the EU referendum. On 2 October 2015, Piketty received an honorary doctorate from the University of Johannesburg and on 3 October 2015 he delivered the 13th Annual Nelson Mandela Lecture at the University of Johannesburg. In 2015, Piketty was also elected an international member of the American Philosophical Society. On 11 February 2017, it was announced that he had joined the socialist Benoît Hamon's campaign team in the latter's presidential run. He took in charge of EU matters, and more precisely, the Fiscal Stability Treaty (or TSCG), while Julia Cagé was responsible for the candidate's economic and fiscal platform. Piketty expressed his view that the TSCG should be renegotiated in order to introduce a eurozone assembly, composed of members of EU's parliaments – a "democratic government", he said, in comparison with the current system which he views as a "huis clos" (a "private, closed-door discussion", an "in camera" arrangement). Such change would currently require unanimous approval of all EU members, and Piketty has suggested that a change of rules might be necessary, saying that if countries

Thomas Piketty

representing 80% of EU's population or GDP ratify a treaty, it should be approved. He is also in favour of a "credible and bold basic income", which is one of Benoit Hamon's key proposals, although their views on the matter are different. The call in which Piketty and other economic researchers argue for their version of the basic income has been criticised as not "universal", a criticism he answered on his blog. Thomas Piketty joined the London School of Economics (LSE) in 2015 as the distinguished Centennial Professor. Piketty continues his research as part of the LSE International Inequalities Institute. His economic research focusses mainly on wealth inequalities and the use of capital in the 21st century. Piketty has long-standing ties to the London School of Economics and he completed his PhD studies at the university in the early 1990s. In addition to his research, Piketty also teaches post-graduate students at the LSE. His teaching and research approach is inter-disciplinary and he has been involved in the teaching of the new MSc degree in Inequalities and Social Science at the London School of Economics.</s><s>Research. Piketty specializes in economic inequality, taking a historic and statistical approach

Thomas Piketty

. His work looks at the rate of capital accumulation in relation to economic growth over a two hundred year spread from the nineteenth century to the present. His novel use of tax records enabled him to gather data on the very top economic elite, who had previously been understudied, and to ascertain their rate of accumulation of wealth and how this compared to the rest of society and economy. His 2013 book "Capital in the Twenty-First Century", relies on economic data going back 250 years to show that an ever-rising concentration of wealth is not self-correcting. To address this problem, he proposes redistribution through a progressive global tax on wealth.</s><s>Research.:Study of long-term economic inequalities. A research project on high incomes in France led to the book "Les hauts revenus en France au XXe siècle" ("High incomes in France in the 20th Century", Grasset, 2001), which was based on a survey of statistical series covering the whole of the 20th century, built from data from the fiscal services (particularly income tax declarations). He extended this analysis in his immensely popular book "Le Capital au XXIe siècle" ("Capital in the Twenty-First Century"). A study by Emmanuel Saez and Piketty showed that

Thomas Piketty

the top 10 percent of earners took more than half of the country's total income in 2012, the highest level recorded since the government began collecting the relevant data a century ago.</s><s>Research.:Survey on the evolution of inequalities in France. Piketty's work shows that differences in earnings dropped sharply during the 20th century in France, mostly after World War II. He argues that this was due to a decrease in estate inequalities, while wage inequalities remained stable. The shrinking inequality during this period, Piketty says, resulted from a highly progressive income tax after the war, which upset the dynamics of estate accumulation by reducing the surplus money available for saving by the wealthiest. The normative conclusion Piketty draws is that a tax cut and thus a decrease in the financial contribution to society of the wealthy that has been happening in France since the late 1990s will assist in the rebuilding of the earlier large fortunes of the rentier class. This trend will lead to the rise of what he calls patrimonial capitalism, in which a few families control most of the wealth. Through a statistical survey, Piketty also showed that the Laffer effect, which claims that high marginal tax rates on top incomes are an incentive for the rich to work less, was probably negligible in the

Thomas Piketty

case of France.</s><s>Research.:Comparative work. Piketty has done comparative work on inequality in other developed countries. In collaboration with other economists, particularly Emmanuel Saez, he built a statistical series based on a similar method used in his studies of France. This research led to reports on the evolution of inequalities in the US, and on economic dynamics in the English-speaking world and continental Europe. Saez won the prestigious John Bates Clark prize for this work. The surveys found that following the Second World War, after initially undergoing a decrease in economic inequality similar to that in continental Europe, English-speaking countries have, over the past thirty years, experienced increasing inequalities.</s><s>Research.:A critic of the Kuznets curve. Piketty's work has been discussed as a critical continuation of the pioneering work of Simon Kuznets in the 1950s. According to Kuznets, the long-term evolution of earnings inequalities was shaped as a curve (Kuznets curve). Growth started at the beginning of the industrial revolution, and slackened off later due to the reallocation of the labor force from low productivity sectors like agriculture to higher productivity sectors like industry. According to Piketty, the tendency observed by Kuznets in the early 1950s

Thomas Piketty

is not necessarily a product of deep economic forces (e.g. sectoral spillover or the effects of technological progress). Instead, estate values, rather than wage inequalities, decreased, and they did so for reasons that were not specifically economic (for example, the creation of income tax). Consequently, the decrease would not necessarily continue, and in fact, inequalities have grown sharply in the United States over the last thirty years, returning to their 1930s level.</s><s>Research.:Other work. Besides these surveys, which make up the core of his work, Piketty has published in other areas, often with a connection to economic inequalities. His work on schools, for example, postulates that disparities among different schools, especially class sizes, are a cause for the persistence of inequalities in wages and the economy. He has also published proposals for changes in the French pension system and the French tax system. In a 2018 paper, Piketty suggested that throughout the Western world, political parties of both the left and the right have been captured by the "elites".</s><s>Research.:"Capital in the Twenty-First Century". "Capital in the Twenty-First Century", published in 2013, focuses on wealth and income inequality in Europe and the US since the 18th century

Thomas Piketty

. The book's central thesis is that inequality is not an accident but rather a feature of capitalism that can be reversed only through state intervention. The book thus argues that unless capitalism is reformed, the very democratic order will be threatened. The book reached number one on "The New York Times" bestselling hardcover nonfiction list from 18 May 2014. Piketty offered a "possible remedy: a global tax on wealth". In 2014, he was awarded the British Academy Medal for this book.</s><s>Research.:"Capital and Ideology". "Capital and Ideology", a book published in 2019, is a successor to "Capital in the Twenty-First Century" in its themes of inequality of income and wealth. It argues it is necessary to examine the ideological systems which attempted to justify the forms of inequality specific to different institutional configurations, and how these have had an impact, through fiscal and economic policy, on the distribution of wealth and income. Piketty argues that various ideologies arise to defend inequality, and wealth is diverted to sustain these ideologies. The book contains significant material dedicated to prescriptions for reducing inequality of wealth and income, such as a wealth tax, and to sustaining ideological support for such fiscal and economic policies. This work was well received, but some critics considered Pik

Thomas Piketty

etty's work too vague. In particular, Nicolas Brisset criticized his definitions and analyses of "ideology" and "capitalism" for being too weak. "Cleveland Review of Books" praised the book, saying it "utilizes historical, political, and philosophical analysis to provide a sweeping and detailed account of the ideological context behind how what he calls “inequality regimes” sustain themselves."</s><s>Research.:"A Brief History of Equality". His 2022 A Brief History of Equality is a much shorter book about wealth redistribution intended for a target audience of citizens not economists, in which he traced a history of equality from 1780 to 2020. In 2022, Piketty was interviewed about the book for New Books Network.</s><s>Personal life. Thomas Piketty was the partner of the politician Aurélie Filippetti. She withdrew her complaint to the police after he acknowledged facts of domestic violence in 2009.  Additionally, he was later condemned of libel against her in 2022. He is married to fellow economist Julia Cagé.</s><s>Selected works and publications. - In French - "Les hauts revenus face aux modifications des taux marginaux supérieurs de l’impôt sur le revenu en

Thomas Piketty

France, 1970–1996" (Document de Travail du CEPREMAP, n° 9812, July 1998) - "Inégalités économiques": report to the Counsel of Economic Analysis (14 June 2001) with Tony Atkinson, and Lucile Olier - "Les hauts revenus en France au XXème siècle, Inégalités et redistribution, 1901–1998" (ed. Grasset, September 2001) - "Fiscalité et redistribution sociale dans la France du XXe siècle" (October 2001) - "L'économie des inégalités" (ed. La Découverte, April 2004) - "Vive la gauche américaine! : Chroniques 1998–2004" (Éditions de l'Aube, September 2004) - "Pour un nouveau système de retraite : Des comptes individuels de cotisations financés par répartition" (Éditions Rue d'Ulm/CEPREMAP, 2008) with Antoine Bozio - "On the Long run evolution of inheritance. France, 1820–2050

Thomas Piketty

" (PSE Working Paper, 2010) - "Pour une révolution fiscale" (ed. Le Seuil, 2011) with Emmanuel Saez and Camille Landais - "Peut-on sauver l'Europe? Chroniques 2004–2012" (Les Liens qui Libèrent, 2012) - "Le Capital au XXIe siècle" (Seuil, 2013) - "Capital et idéologie" (Seuil, 2019) - "Une brève histoire de l'égalité", Paris: Ed. du Seuil, 2021, 350p. - In English - - - "Capital in the Twenty-First Century" (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2014) - "About Capital in the Twenty-First Century" (AER, 2015) - "Carbon and Inequality: from Kyoto to Paris" (L. Chancel, T. Piketty, PSE, 2015) - "Chronicles: On Our Troubled Times" (Viking, 2016) - "Why Save the Bankers? And Other Essays on Our Economic and Political Crisis" (Houghton Mifflin Har

Thomas Piketty

court, 2016) - "Top Incomes in France in the Twentieth Century: Inequality and Redistribution, 1901–1998" (Harvard University Press, 2018) - "Capital and Ideology" (Harvard University Press, 2020) - "Time for Socialism: Dispatches from a World on Fire, 2016-2021" (Yale University Press, 2021) - "The western elite is preventing us from going after the assets of Russia's hyper-rich" ("The Guardian", 16 March 2022). - "A Brief History of Equality", Harvard University Press, 2022, 274p. Data,</s><s>See also. - Capital accumulation - Criticism of capitalism - Everything bubble - Tax haven</s><s>Further reading. - Coopersmith, Jonathan, and Andrew Popp. "Piketty amongst the historians: Introduction to a symposium on Thomas Piketty's Capital and Ideology" "History Compass" (April 2022) 20#4 e12724; https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12724 special issue with 7 articles on Piketty's ideas. - John, Richard RE. "Political contestation and the Second Great Divergence" "History Compass" (April 2022)

Thomas Piketty

20#4 https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12722 - Lachmann, Richard, and Peter Brandon. "Piketty and the Political Origins of Inequality." "Comparative Studies in Society and History" 63.3 (2021): 752-764. - McCloskey, Deirdre Nansen. “Piketty Deserves Some Praise.” in "Why Liberalism Works: How True Liberal Values Produce a Freer, More Equal, Prosperous World for All" (Yale University Press, 2019), pp. 165–68, online - McGaughey, Ewan. "From ‘capital and Ideology’ to ‘democracy and Evidence’: A Review of Thomas Piketty." "Œconomia. History, Methodology, Philosophy" 11#1 (2021): 171-189 online. - Nealon, Jeffrey T. “Biopolitics, Marxism, and Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century.” in "Fates of the Performative: From the Linguistic Turn to the New Materialism" (U of Minnesota Press, 2021), pp. 95–

Thomas Piketty

118, online - Raoult, Sacha, et al. “A Prophet in His Hometown? The Academic Reception of Thomas Piketty’s ‘Capital in the Twenty-First Century’ Across Disciplines in France and in the United States.” "American Sociologist" 48#3/4, (2017), pp. 453–75, online - Roine, Jesper. “Four key insights.” in "Pocket Piketty: A Handy Guide to Capital in the Twenty-First Century" (2017), pp. 32–41, online - Sutch, Richard. “The One Percent across Two Centuries: A Replication of Thomas Piketty’s Data on the Concentration of Wealth in the United States.” "Social Science History" 41#4 (2017), pp. 587–613, online</s>