---
license: cc-by-sa-4.0
task_categories:
- text-generation
- translation
language:
- pl
- en
tags:
- gender-inclusive proofreading
- gender-sensitive translation
pretty_name: Inclusive Polish Instruction Set
---
# IPIS: Inclusive Polish Instruction Set

<span style="color:darkred">**Note**: The IPIS dataset is currently restricted, as it is being used for [PolEval 2025](https://poleval.pl) ([Task 2](https://github.com/poleval/2025-gender-inclusive-llms)). It will be publicly available here once the shared task ends.</span>

IPIS is a collection of Polish instructions designed to improve the gender sensitivity and inclusiveness of large language models (LLMs). The IPIS instructions can be used to instruction-tune LLMs and are specifically designed to solve two tasks: 

* ***gender-inclusive proofreading*** in Polish ([IPIS-proofreading](https://huggingface.co/datasets/ipipan/ipis-proofreading))
* Polish&harr;English ***gender-sensitive translation*** (see [IPIS-translation](https://huggingface.co/datasets/ipipan/ipis-translation)) 


<p align="center">
<img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/ipipan/ipis/resolve/main/icon/gender-equality.png" alt="gender_inclusive_language" width="100"/>
</p>


## IPIS data source

IPIS is built on a gender-inclusive text corpus manually annotated in the [PLLuM project](https://pllum.org.pl). The corpus comprises open-access texts written in standard Polish, a predominantly non-inclusive language, and representing diverse genres (see [Data sources](#dataset-sources)). All non-inclusive expressions in these texts are manually transformed into gender-sensitive versions (see [Annotation procedure](#annotation-procedure)) by the [IPI annotation team](#annotation-team).

### Dataset sources

- **European legal acts** (Polish, English[):
	- *Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union*
	- *The Treaty on Europen Union (Consolidated Version)*
	- *The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (Consolidated Version)*

- **Polish legal acts** (Polish):
	- *Konstytucja Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej* (Eng. Constitution of Poland)

- **Institutional documents** (Polish):
	- *Regulamin pracy IPI PAN* (Eng. Work regulation in ICS PAS)
	- *Status IPI PAN* (Eng. ICS PAS Statute)
	- *Zasady podziału dotacji na działalność badawczo-rozwojową służącą rozwojowi młodych naukowców i uczestników studiów doktoranckich
w IPI PAN* (Eng. Rules for the distribution of subsidies for research and development activities aimed at the development of young scientists and PhD students at ICS PAS)
	- *Regulamin Rady Naukowej IPI PAN* (Eng. Regulations of the Scientific Council of ICS PAS)
	- *Regulamin Szkoły Doktorskiej TIB PAN* (Eng. Regulations of the Doctoral School TIB PAN)
	- *Tryb Przeprowadzania przed Radę Naukową IPI PAN Czynności w Postępowaniu w sprawie Nadania Stopnia Doktora* (Eng. Procedure of Awarding the PhD Degree by the Scientific Council of ICS PAS)
	- *Regulamin zarządzania prawami autorskimi w IPI PAN* (Eng. Copyright Managmenent Regulations at ICS PAS)

- **A balanced corpus of written texts** (Polish)
	- *National Corpus of Polish* ([NLPre-based split of NKJP1M](https://huggingface.co/datasets/ipipan/nlprepl))

- **A subset of ParlaMint**, i.e. a corpus of transcribed parliamentary debates (Polish)
	- *[ParlaMint](https://www.clarin.eu/parlamint)* (year 2022)

### Annotation procedure
Two annotators manually transform text units containing non-inclusive expressions into their gender-sensitive variants. Text passages that are already gender-neutral remain unchanged. When both annotated versions are valid (i.e. accepted by a super-annotator), they are included in the dataset to provide a more diverse range of training examples.  

Possible gender-inclusive alternatives of the masculine generic form *posłowie* (Eng. deputies):
> *posłanki i posłowie*
>
> *posłowie i posłanki*
> 
> *posłowie/posłanki*
> 
> *posłanki/posłowie* 
> 
> *posł\*owie/anki*


Consequently, each text unit may have none (unchanged text), one, or two inclusive alternatives. 


### Annotation team

- dr Alina Wróblewska (leader),
- dr Anna Bulińska,
- Wiktora Gumienna,
- Martyna Lewandowska,
- Zuzanna Przybysz,
- Aleksandra Tomaszewska,
- Joanna Wołoszyn.

## Credits
If you use IPIS in your research, please cite it as follows:

```
@misc{wróblewska2025integratinggenderinclusivitylarge,
      title={Integrating gender inclusivity into large language models via instruction tuning}, 
      author={Alina Wróblewska and Bartosz Żuk},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2508.18466},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.18466}, 
}
```

## Acknowledgments
The IPIS dataset was created as part of the *Universal Discourse: a multilingual model of discourse relations* project, founded by the Polish National Science Centre (Grant number: 2023/50/A/HS2/00559).


## Licence
IPIS is released under [CC-BY-SA-4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.en).


&copy; Institute of Computer Science PAS, Alina Wróblewska