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and 1451 and executed, at least in part, by Bernardo Rossellino; the Palazzo Davanzati, which houses the museum of the Old Florentine House; the Palazzo delle Assicurazioni Generali, designed in the Neo- Renaissance style in 1871; the Palazzo Spini Feroni, in Piazza Santa Trinita,ahistoric13th- century private palace,o...	the same name; Orsanmichele, whose
building was constructed on the site of the kitchen garden of the monastery of San Michele, now demolished; Santissima Annunziata, a Roman Catholic basilica and the mother church of the Servite order; Ognissanti, which was founded by the lay order of the Umiliati, and is among the first examples of Baroque architecture...	dei Calzaiuoli, one of the
most central streets of the historic centre which links" Piazza del Duomo" to Piazza della Signoria, winding parallel to via Roma and" Piazza della Repubblica"; the Via de' Tornabuoni, a luxurious street in the city centre that goes from Antinori square to ponte Santa Trinita, across Piazza Santa Trinita, characterised...	surpassing Bolzano. Industry, commerce and
services. Florence is a major production and commercial centre in Italy, where the Florentine industrial complexes in the suburbs produce all sorts of goods, from furniture, rubber goods, chemicals, and food. However, traditional and local products, such as antiques, handicrafts, glassware, leatherwork, art reproductio...	visitors who arrive on buses,
stay only a few hours, spend little money but contribute significantly to overcrowding." No museum visit, just a photo from the square, the bus back and then on to Venice... We don’ t want tourists like that," he said. Some tourists are less than respectful of the city' s cultural heritage, according to Nardella. In Ju...	the paintings of the" Golden
Ages", the Bargello with the sculptures of the Renaissance, the museum of San Marco with Fra Angelico' s works, the Academy, the chapels of the Medicis Buonarroti' s house with the sculptures of Michelangelo, the following museums: Bardini, Horne, Stibbert, Romano, Corsini, The Gallery of Modern Art, the Museo dell' Op...	of the slaves Michelangelo created
for the tomb of Pope Julius II. Other sights include the medieval city hall, the Palazzo della Signoria( also known as the Palazzo Vecchio), the Archeological Museum, the Museum of the History of Science, the Garden of Archimedes, the Palazzo Davanzatti, the Stibbert Museum, St. Marks, the Medici Chapels, the Museum of...	the1350s bubonic plague, known as
the Black Death, when some people fled the ravaged city to an isolated country mansion, and spent their time there recounting stories and novellas taken from the medieval and contemporary tradition. All of this is written in a series of 100 distinct novellas.Inthe16th century, during the Renaissance, Florence was the h...	with Mussolini"," Virgin Territory" and"
Inferno". The city is home to renowned Italian actors and actresses, such as Roberto Benigni, Leonardo Pieraccioni and Vittoria Puccini. Video games. Florence has appeared as a location in video games such as" Assassins Creed II." The Republic of Florence also appears as a playable nation in Paradox Interactive' s gran...	the specialists of fashion in
the economy and culture of Florence during that period is often underestimated. Florence is regarded by some as the birthplace and earliest centre of the modern( post World War Two) fashion industry in Italy. The Florentine" soirées"oftheearly1950s organised by Giovanni Battista Giorgini were events where several Itali...	ACF Fiorentina have won the
women' s association football Italian Championship of the 2016– 17 season. The city is home of the Centro Tecnico Federale di Coverciano, in Coverciano, Florence, the main training ground of the Italian national team, and the technical department of the Italian Football Federation. Florence was one of the host cities f...	del Duomo. There are two
other important stations: Campo di Marte and Rifredi. Most bundled routes are Firenze— Pisa, Firenze— Viareggio and Firenze- Arezzo( along the main line to Rome). Other local railways connect Florence with Borgo San Lorenzo in the Mugello area( Faentina railway) and Siena. Long distance buses are run by the SITA, Copit...	airport in the Tuscany region
is the Galileo Galilei International Airport in Pisa. Mobike( bike- sharing). Mobike, a Chinese dockless bike sharing company, has been operating in Florence since July 2017. As of 2019, the company operates 4, 000 bikes in Florence. The users scan the QR code on the bike using the Mobike app, and end the ride by parki...	below. A subgroup" N" of
a group" G" is normal if and only if the coset equality" aN"=" Na" holds for all" a"∈" G". A normal subgroup of" G" is denoted. Definition. Let" N" be a normal subgroup of a group" G". Define the set" G"/" N" to be the set of all left cosets of" N" in" G". That is,. Since the identity element" e"∈" N"," a"∈" aN". Defin...	the group structure is used
to form a natural" regrouping". These are the cosets of" N" in" G". Because we started with a group and normal subgroup, the final quotient contains more information than just the number of cosets( which is what regular division yields), but instead has a group structure itself. Examples. Even and odd integers. Conside...	is the group of invertible
3× 3 real matrices, and" N" is the subgroup of 3× 3 real matrices with determinant 1, then" N" is normal in" G"( since it is the kernel of the determinant homomorphism). The cosets of" N" are the sets of matrices with a given determinant, and hence" G"/" N" is isomorphic to the multiplicative group of non- zero real nu...	not split is as follows:
Let" G"=Z4={ 0, 1, 2, 3}, and" N"={ 0, 2},whichisisomorphictoZ2.ThenisalsoisomorphictoZ2.ButZ2 has only the trivial automorphism, so the only semi- direct product of" N" and is the direct product.SinceZ4 is different from, we conclude that" G" is not a semi- direct product of" N" and. Quotients of Lie groups. If"formul...	a consequence of the Pauli
exclusion principle, only one fermion can occupy a particular quantum state at a given time. If multiple fermions have the same spatial probability distribution, then at least one property of each fermion, such as its spin, must be different. Fermions are usually associated with matter, whereas bosons are generally for...	2005 later starred in the
television sitcom" Crumbs". More recently, Savage returned to acting in the television series" The Grinder", as well as the Netflix series" Friends from College". Early life. Savage was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Joanne and Lewis Savage, who was an industrial real estate broker and consultant. Savage grew up...	joined the cast of the
Netflix series" Friends from College" as Max Adler, a gay literary agent. Directing and producing. In 1999, Savage began his directing career in which he helmed episodes of over a dozen television series. Savage' s first directing credit was on the short- lived NBC sitcom" Working" which also starred Savage. Following"...	East New York Science Fiction
League"( ENYSFL), later the" Independent League for Science Fiction"( ILSF). In 1936 came the International Cosmos Science Club( ICSC), which also involved Will Sykora. Pohl then says that" on reflection' Cosmos' seemed to take in a bit more territory than was justified, so we changed it to the International Scientific...	active in fandom for more
than 20 years. This inspired the creation of an organization for longstanding fans under the initial chairmanship of Robert A. Madle. Originally only those fans who were known to have been active in fandom before the cutoff date, January 1, 1938, were eligible. Such fannish activity( or" fanac") including writing to le...	2020, after a number of
months of political stalemate following the general election, Fianna Fáil agreed with Fine Gael and the Green Party to enter into an unprecedented coalition, with the leaders of Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael rotating between the roles of Taoiseach and Tánaiste. Fianna Fáil is a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democr...	after being accused of seeking
to provide arms to the newly emergent Provisional Irish Republican Army. Factional infighting over Northern Ireland, economics and the" moral issues” such as the legalization of divorce, abortion, and contraception plagued the party in this era and grew particularly intense when Charles Haughey later became party leade...	as a minority government, made
possible by a confidence and supply agreement with Fianna Fáíl. In 2018 the party was divided internally over how the party would handle that year' s referendum on the Eighth Amendment, the provision in the Irish constitution which forbid abortion, with a significant portion of both the parliamentary party and the ordi...	the early20th century; Upon winning
the 1932 Irish general election, newly elected Fianna Fáil TD Seán Moylan proclaimed that Fianna Fáil' s win meant a victory of" the owners of the donkey and cart over the pony and trap class".Inthe20th century, Fianna Fáil utilised mainly corporatist policies( embracing the concept of‘ social partnership’ in the latte...	easy. It will challenge us
all. But I am confident we will succeed". The party embarked on its first ever recruitment drive north of the border in September 2007 in northern universities, and established two' Political Societies', the William Drennan Cumann in Queens University, Belfast, and the Watty Graham Cumann in UU Magee, Derry, which subs...	that such a merger would
not happen on her" watch". On 10 January 2019, Richie stated that she now supported a new partnership with Fianna Fáil. Both Fianna Fáil and the SDLP currently have shared policies on key areas including addressing the current political situation in Northern Ireland, improving public services in both jurisdictions of I...	SEDEC commission. Cllr. Gillian Coughlan
is Deputy Coordinator in the ECON Commission. was a powerful family of imperial regents in Japan, holding the title of" Ason", descending from the Nakatomi clan and through them Ame- no- Koyane- no- Mikoto. The Fujiwara prospered since the ancient times and dominated the imperial court until the Meiji Restoration in 18...	the entire clan. All four
brothers died in 737 during a major smallpox epidemic in Japan. Heian period. During the Heian period of Japanese history, the Hokke managed to establish a hereditary claim to the position of regent, either for an underage emperor(" sesshō") or for an adult one(" kampaku"). Some prominent Fujiwaras occupied these posit...	in Kyoto. Stability came to
Heian Japan, but, even though succession was ensured for the Imperial family through heredity, power again concentrated in the hands of one noble family, the Fujiwara. Family administrations now became public institutions. As the most powerful family, the Fujiwara governed Japan and determined the general affairs of st...	The Fujiwara presided over a
period of cultural and artistic flowering at the imperial court and among the aristocracy. There was great interest in graceful poetry and vernacular literature. Japanese writing had long depended on Chinese ideograms(" kanji"), but these were now supplemented by" kana", two types of phonetic Japanese script:" katakana...	the military class throughout the
country. Military might rather than civil authority dominated the government. A struggle for succession in the mid- twelfth century gave the Fujiwara an opportunity to regain their former power. Fujiwara no Yorinaga sided with the retired emperor in a violent battle in 1158 against the heir apparent, who was supported ...	as Emperor Shōwa' s third
daughter, the former Princesss Kazuko and Prince Mikasa' s elder daughter, the former Princess Yasuko, married into Takatsukasa and Konoe families, respectively. Likewise a daughter of the last" shōgun" married a second cousin of Emperor Shōwa. Federalism is a mixed or compound mode of government that combines a genera...	to band together even at
the cost of losing part of their sovereignty. Subsequent unions of states included the first and second Swiss Confederations( 1291- 1798 and 1815- 48), the United Provinces of the Netherlands( 1579- 1795), the German Bund( 1815- 66), the first American union known as the Confederation of the United States of America( 1...	governments of Argentina, Australia, Brazil,
India, and Mexico, among others, are also organized along federalist principles. In Canada, federalism typically implies opposition to sovereigntist movements( most commonly Quebec separatism). In 1999, the Government of Canada established the Forum of Federations as an international network for exchange of best practi...	a coordinate relationship for the
first time. In 1946, Kenneth Wheare observed that the two levels of government in the US were" co- equally supreme". In this, he echoed the perspective of American founding father James Madison who saw the several States as forming" distinct and independent portions of the supremacy" in relation to the general governme...	precise division of power varies
from one nation to another. The constitutions of Germany and the United States provide that all powers not specifically granted to the federal government are retained by the states. The Constitution of some countries like Canada and India, state that powers not explicitly granted to the provincial governments are retai...	constitution determines which powers and
competencies belong exclusively to the municipalities and not to the constituent states. However, municipalities do not have an elected legislative assembly. Federations often employ the paradox of being a union of states, while still being states( or having aspects of statehood) in themselves. For example, James Madis...	just by an overall majority
of the electorate in the nation as a whole, but also by separate majorities in each of a majority of the states or cantons. In Australia, this latter requirement is known as a" double majority". Some federal constitutions also provide that certain constitutional amendments cannot occur without the unanimous consent of ...	escaping from the imprisonment in
which she was held from the time of their flight. Abauzit at an early age acquired great proficiency in languages, physics, and theology. In 1698, he traveled to Germany, then to Holland, where he became acquainted with Pierre Bayle, Pierre Jurieu and Jacques Basnage. Proceeding to England, he was introduced to Sir Isa...	1831 to allow the incorporation
of foreign soldiers into the French Army from the foreign regiments of the Kingdom of France. Recruits included soldiers from the recently disbanded Swiss and German foreign regiments of the Bourbon monarchy. The Royal Ordinance for the establishment of the new regiment specified that the foreigners recruited could onl...	Gulf and participated in Opération
Daguet, part of Division Daguet.FollowingtheGulfWarinthe1990s, the Foreign Legion helped with the evacuation of French citizens and foreigners in Rwanda, Gabon and Zaire. The Foreign Legion was also deployed in Cambodia, Somalia, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the mid-tolate1990s, the Foreign Legion was deployed ...	independence and flexibility. The Foreign
Legion was dissolved on 8 December 1838, when it had dropped to only 500 men. The survivors returned to France, many reenlisting in the new Foreign Legion along with many of their former Carlist enemies. Crimean War. On 9 June 1854, the French ship" Jean Bart" embarked four battalions of the Foreign Legion for the Crim...	Lieutenant made a stand in
the" Hacienda de la Trinidad"– a farm near the village of" Camarón". When only six survivors remained, out of ammunition, a bayonet assault was launched in which three of the six were killed. The remaining three wounded men were brought before the Mexican commander Colonel Milan, who allowed them to return to the Frenc...	soldats pour mourir, et je
vous envoie où l' on meurt!"(' You, Legionnaires, you are soldiers in order to die, and I' m sending you to where one dies!') Colonization of Africa. As part of the Army of Africa, the Foreign Legion contributed to the growth of the French colonial empire in Sub- Saharan Africa. Simultaneously, the Legion took part to ...	citizenship at the end of
their serviceWith the declaration of war on 29 July 1914, a call was made for foreigners residing in France to support their adopted country. While many would have preferred direct enlistment in the regular French Army, the only option immediately available was that of the Foreign Legion. On one day only( 3 August 1914...	campaigns. The13th Demi- Brigade, formed
for service in Norway, found itself in the UK at the time of the French Armistice( June 1940),wasdeployedtotheBritish8th Army in North Africa and distinguished itself in the Battle of Bir Hakeim( 1942). Reflecting the divisions of the time, part of the Foreign Legion joined the Free French movement while another part s...	missing. Reconstituted for the third
time on 19 May 1954, the battalion left Indochina on 8 February 1955.The1er BEP received five citations and the fourragère of the colors of the Médaille militaire for its service in Indochina.The1erBEPbecamethe1st Foreign Parachute Regiment(1er REP) in Algeria on 1 September 1955. Dien Bien Phu fell on 7 May 1954 at 17...	the generals' putsch, a crisis
hit the legion putting its faith at the corps of the Army. For having rallied to the generals' putsch of April 1961,the1stForeignParachuteRegimentofthe10th Parachute Division was dissolved on 30 April 1961 at Zeralda. In 1961, at the issue of the putsch,the1st Mounted Saharan Squadron of the Foreign Legion() received t...	Artillery Regiment35ème RAP, the1st Parachute
HussardRegiment1er RHP,the17thParachuteEngineerRegiment17ème RGP and other airborne contingents. Division Daguet was commanded by Général de brigade Bernard Janvier. The Legion force, mainly comprising 27 different nationalities,wasattachedtotheFrench6thLightArmouredDivision6ème D. L. B, whose mission was to protect th...	Foreign Legion. The adoption of
the Foreign Legion as a new" Fatherland" does not imply the repudiation by the legionnaire of his original nationality. The Foreign Legion is required to obtain the agreement of any legionnaire before he is placed in any situation where he might have to serve against his country of birth. Marching songs."" Le Boudin"."...	European armies during the Napoleonic
Erabutprogressivelydisappearedduringthe19th century. The French Army, including the Legion disbanded its regimental sapper platoons in 1870. However, in 1931 one of a number of traditions restored to mark the hundredth anniversary of the Legion' s founding was the reestablishment of its bearded" Pionniers". In the Fren...	red trousers. The field uniform
was often modified under the influence of the extremes of climate and terrain in which the Foreign Legion served. Shakos were soon replaced by the light cloth kepi, which was far more suitable for North African conditions. The practice of wearing heavy" capotes"( greatcoats) on the march and" vestes"( short hip- length...	the sensible expedient of letting
local commanders decide on the appropriate" tenue de jour"( uniform of the day) according to circumstances. Thus a legionnaire might parade or walk out in blue tunic and white trousers in hot weather, blue tunic and red trousers in normal temperatures or wear the blue greatcoat with red trousers under colder conditions...	In 1939 the white covered
kepi won recognition as the official headdress of the Foreign Legion to be worn on most occasions, rather than simply as a means of reflecting heat and protecting the blue and red material underneath. The Third Foreign Infantry Regiment adopted white tunics and trousers for walking-outdressduringthe1930sand all Foreign...	be applied for after three
years' service. The Legion is the only part of the French Military that does not swear allegiance to France, but to the Foreign Legion itself. Any soldier who gets wounded during a battle for France can immediately apply to be a French citizen under a provision known as""(" French by spilled blood"). As of 2021, member...	in order to prevent any
particular nation from making the Foreign Legion into a Praetorian Guard, any particular national component is kept at about 25 percent of the total. Even supposing( and this was the case, of course) that the French recruiters, in the eagerness for candidates would sign up Germans enlisting as Swiss, Austrian, Scandina...	Poles. Polish law allows service
in a foreign army, but only after written permission from the Ministry of National Defence. Legacy. Beyond its reputation as an elite unit often engaged in serious fighting, the recruitment practices of the Foreign Legion have also led to a somewhat romanticised view of it being a place for disgraced or" wronged" men l...	entirely original idea and had
a similar recruitment policy. It stopped being an army of foreigners around 1900 when recruitment was restricted to Dutch citizens and to the indigenous peoples of the Dutch East Indies. The KNIL was finally disbanded on 26 July 1950, seven months after the Netherlands formally recognised Indonesia as a sovereign state...	Legion(" Légion étrangère)"." The following
is a list of notable People who are or were Members of the Foreign Legion:" Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause- and- effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to" feed back" into itself. The notion of cause- and- effect has to be handled...	feedback. Positive feedback: If the
signal feedback from output is in phase with the input signal, the feedback is called positive feedback. Negative feedback: If the signal feedback is of opposite polarity or out of phase by 180° with respect to input signal, the feedback is called negative feedback. As an example of negative feedback, the diagram might...	have many signals fed back
and the feedback loop frequently contain mixtures of positive and negative feedback where positive and negative feedback can dominate at different frequencies or different points in the state space of a system. The term bipolar feedback has been coined to refer to biological systems where positive and negative feedback...	repressor) and activator proteins are
used to create genetic operons, which were identified by François Jacob and Jacques Monod in 1961 as" feedback loops". These feedback loops may be positive( as in the case of the coupling between a sugar molecule and the proteins that import sugar into a bacterial cell), or negative( as is often the case in metabolic c...	speed of his steam engine
was one factor leading to the Industrial Revolution. Steam engines also use float valves and pressure release valves as mechanical regulation devices. A mathematical analysis of Watt' s governor was done by James Clerk Maxwell in 1868. The" Great Eastern" was one of the largest steamships of its time and employed a ste...	amplifiers, this correction is generally
for waveform distortion reduction or to establish a specified gain level. A general expression for the gain of a negative feedback amplifier is the asymptotic gain model. Positive feedback. Positive feedback occurs when the fed- back signal is in phase with the input signal. Under certain gain conditions, positive feed...	also be used for counting
of pulses, and for synchronizing variably- timed input signals to some reference timing signal. Flip- flops can be either simple( transparent or opaque) or clocked( synchronous or edge- triggered). Although the term flip- flop has historically referred generically to both simple and clocked circuits, in modern usage it...	may be written in katakana,
Roman alphabet letters or in other, simpler kanji. In vertical text," tategaki", the furigana is placed to the right of the line of text; in horizontal text," yokogaki", it is placed above the line of text, as illustrated below. These examples spell the word" kanji", which is made up of two kanji characters:(" kan", wr...	are just written in straight
katakana. The distinction between regular kana and the smaller character forms( yōon and sokuon), which are used in regular orthography to mark such things as gemination and palatalization, is often not made in furigana: for example, the usual hiragana spelling of the word(" kyakka") is, but in furigana it might be wri...	instead of small kana. For
example, はっしん" hasshin" may be spelled はつしん*" hatsushin" instead. Some websites and tools exist which provide a phonetic guide for Japanese web pages( in hiragana, rōmaji or kiriji); these are popular with both Japanese children and foreign Japanese learners. In works aimed at adult Japanese speakers, furigana may be u...	readings). The specific types of
effects vary: furigana could be used to visually reinforce complex ideas without having to use long expressions; to annotate strange, foreign, rarely seen text; to use more artistic or more explanatory spellings for regular words( see Kanji# Gikun); or simply for shorthand for base text abbreviation, thanks to the smal...	Kunten. In the written style
known as" kanbun", which is the Japanese approximation of Classical Chinese, small marks called" kunten" are sometimes added as reading aids. Unlike furigana, which indicate pronunciation," kunten" indicate Japanese grammatical structures absent from the" kanbun", and also show how words should be reordered to fit Japa...	backward in bodily dexterity and
deportment", and" neither more nor less than a spoiled mother' s child." Joseph concluded that" the manner in which he was treated for upwards of sixteen years could not but have confirmed him in the delusion that the preservation of his own person was the only thing of importance." Joseph' s martinet method of improvi...	designated Protector, and they announced
to the Imperial Diet their intention to leave the Empire with immediate effect. Then, on 22 July, Napoleon issued an ultimatum to Francis demanding that he abdicate as Holy Roman Emperor by 10 August. Five days later, Francis bowed to the inevitable and, without mentioning the ultimatum, affirmed that since the Peace o...	censors to monitor dissent( in
this he was following his father' s lead, as the Grand Duchy of Tuscany had the most effective secret police in Europe). Even his family did not escape attention. His brothers, the Archdukes Charles and Johann had their meetings and activities spied upon. Censorship was also prevalent. The author Franz Grillparzer, a H...	eight daughters and four sons:
Titles, honours and heraldry. Titles. From 1806 he used the titles:" We, Francis the First, by the Grace of God Emperor of Austria; King of Jerusalem, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Galicia and Lodomeria; Archduke of Austria; Duke of Lorraine, Salzburg, Würzburg, Franconia, Styria, Carinthia and Carniol...	and honours. He was elected
a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1860 and received their Royal Medal in 1887. He was president of the Chemical Society( 1875– 77), of the Institution of Electrical Engineers( then the Society of Telegraph Engineers)( 1877), of the Institute of Chemistry( 1881– 82) and of the Society of Chemical Industry( 1883). He was ...	life. The latter may be
referred to as" biofluorescence", indicating that the fluorophore is part of or is extracted from a living organism( rather than an inorganic dye or stain). But since fluorescence is due to a specific chemical, which can also be synthesized artificially in most cases, it is sufficient to describe the substance itself a...	include internal conversion, intersystem crossing
to the triplet state, and energy transfer to another molecule. An example of energy transfer is Förster resonance energy transfer. Relaxation from an excited state can also occur through collisional quenching, a process where a molecule( the quencher) collides with the fluorescent molecule during its excited state life...	the relaxation of certain excited
electrons of a molecule. Fluorescence anisotropy. Fluorophores are more likely to be excited by photons if the transition moment of the fluorophore is parallel to the electric vector of the photon. The polarization of the emitted light will also depend on the transition moment. The transition moment is dependent on the...	There are many natural compounds
that exhibit fluorescence, and they have a number of applications. Some deep- sea animals, such as the greeneye, have fluorescent structures. Compared to bioluminescence and biophosphorescence. Fluorescence. Fluorescence is the temporary absorption of electromagnetic wavelengths from the visible light spectrum by fluor...	widespread, and has been studied
most extensively in cnidarians and fish. The phenomenon appears to have evolved multiple times in multiple taxa such as in the anguilliformes( eels), gobioidei( gobies and cardinalfishes), and tetradontiformes( triggerfishes), along with the other taxa discussed later in the article. Fluorescence is highly genotypicall...	significance of fluorescence in the
aphotic zone of the deep ocean is an active area of research. Photic zone. Fish. Bony fishes living in shallow water generally have good color vision due to their living in a colorful environment. Thus, in shallow- water fishes, red, orange, and green fluorescence most likely serves as a means of communication with con...	symbiotic algae are able to
conduct photosynthesis. Also, the proteins may fluctuate in number as more or less light becomes available as a means of photoacclimation. Similarly, these fluorescent proteins may possess antioxidant capacities to eliminate oxygen radicals produced by photosynthesis. Finally, through modulating photosynthesis, the flu...	or ultraviolet light. The scientists
behind the discovery suggested that the fluorescence can be used for communication. They speculated that fluorescence possibly is relatively widespread among frogs. Only a few months later, fluorescence was discovered in the closely related" Hypsiboas atlanticus". Because it is linked to secretions from skin glands, th...	acting on expression of fluorescence
across spider species. Scorpions are also fluorescent due to the presence of beta carboline in their cuticles. Platypus. In 2020 fluorescence was reported for several specimen of platypus. Plants. Many plants are fluorescent due to the presence of chlorophyll, which is probably the most widely- distributed fluorescent ...	through to bright- yellowish and
bluish- white for very light oils and condensates. This phenomenon is used in oil exploration drilling to identify very small amounts of oil in drill cuttings and core samples. Humic acids and fulvic acids produced by the degradation of organic matter in soils( humus) may also fluoresce because of the presence of aroma...	to the public at the
1939 New York World' s Fair. Improvements since then have largely been better phosphors, longer life, and more consistent internal discharge, and easier- to- use shapes( such as compact fluorescent lamps). Some high- intensity discharge( HID) lamps couple their even- greater electrical efficiency with phosphor enhancem...	fluorescent dyes, is used to
find leaks in liquid and gas plumbing systems. Signage. Fluorescent colors are frequently used in signage, particularly road signs. Fluorescent colors are generally recognizable at longer ranges than their non- fluorescent counterparts, with fluorescent orange being particularly noticeable. This property has led to its...	the" n"" i" are positive
integers. This representation is commonly extended to all positive integers, including 1, by the convention that the empty product is equal to 1( the empty product corresponds to" k"= 0). This representation is called the canonical representation of" n", or the standard form of" n". For example, Factors" p" 0= 1 may be...	everyformula_12 The former case is
also impossible, as,ifformula_20isadivisorofformula_25itmustbealsoadivisorofformula_26whichisimpossibleasformula_20andformula_28 are distinct primes. Therefore, there cannot exist a smallest integer with more than a single distinct prime factorization. Every positive integer must either be a prime number itself, which ...	of the German edition of
the" Disquisitiones". Dominoes is a family of tile- based games played with gaming pieces, commonly known as dominoes. Each domino is a rectangular tile with a line dividing its face into two square" ends". Each end is marked with a number of spots( also called" pips" or" dots") or is blank. The backs of the tiles in a...	may find a domino set
made of card stock like that for playing cards. Such sets are lightweight, compact, and inexpensive, and like cards are more susceptible to minor disturbances such as a sudden breeze. Sometimes, the tiles have a metal pin( called a spinner or pivot) in the middle. The traditional domino set contains one unique piece fo...	different domino sets have been
used for centuries in various parts of the world to play a variety of domino games. Each domino originally represented one of the 21 results of throwing two six- sided dice(2d6). One half of each domino is set with the pips from one die and the other half contains the pips from the second die. Chinese sets also introdu...	be referred to as the
rank or weight of a tile; a tile may be described as" heavier" than a" lighter" one that has fewer( or no) pips. Tiles are generally named after their two values. For instance, the following are descriptions of a tile bearing the values two and five: A tile that has the same pips- value on each end is called a double o...	play. If that occurs, whoever
caused the block receives all of the remaining player points not counting their own. Scoring game. Players accrue points during game play for certain configurations, moves, or emptying one' s hand. Most scoring games use variations of the draw game. If a player does not call" domino" before the tile is laid on the tabl...	multiple of a certain number.
In variants of Muggins, the line of play may branch due to spinners. In British public houses and social clubs, a scoring version of"5s- and-3s" is used. The game is normally played in pairs( two against two) and is played as a series of" ends". In each" end", the objective is for players to attach a domino from their ...	called the domino effect. Arrangements
of millions of tiles have been made that have taken many minutes, even hours to fall. For large and elaborate arrangements, special blockages( also known as firebreaks) are employed at regular distances to prevent a premature toppling from undoing more than a section of the tiles while still being able to be removed wi...	of" K" w varies with
temperature, as shown in the table below. This variation must be taken into account when making precise measurements of quantities such as pH. In engineering and science, dimensional analysis is the analysis of the relationships between different physical quantities by identifying their base quantities( such as length,...	of force, which has units
of mass( kg) times units of acceleration( m⋅ s− 2). The newton is defined as. Percentages, derivatives and integrals. Percentages are dimensionless quantities, since they are ratios of two quantities with the same dimensions. In other words, the% sign can be read as" hundredths", since. Taking a derivative with respect...	m" man/" L"2man is fine.

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