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We test our electric blankets thoroughly to make sure they’re the best around. Every blanket on this site offers a luxuriously comfy night’s sleep, so you might be wondering what the difference between them all is! That’s why we’ve come up with a simple star rating system that shows you at a glance which model is right for you.
Before we agree to sell an electric blanket, we test it against six criteria to make sure it’s up to our high standards. You can find a bit more about each one below.
Comfort
How comfortable is the blanket to lie on? To score five stars, a blanket has to be sumptuously soft, with a thick lining that you can really sink into. Comfort is a matter of opinion, but there are a few things we can test for. A good sign of a quality electric blanket is that you can comfortably lie on it without needing to turn it on. With blankets rated three stars and above, you shouldn’t be able to feel any wires or creases inside the blanket, so you can use it all year round without having to turn it on if you like.
Cosiness
There’s nothing quite like sinking into a cosy bed at the end of a hard day. We test our blankets for cosiness when they’re on and when they’re off, and to score five stars it has to be excellent at both. Cosiness isn’t the same as heat – you never want a blanket to be scalding hot. Instead, you want a gentle, relaxing warmth that spreads across your whole bed.
We also test how evenly the blanket warms up. To score a good rating of three stars or more, a blanket has to spread warmth evenly across its whole surface area with no hot or cold patches.
Fit
If you’re a light sleeper, creased bedding can be a nightmare. Avoid this problem by picking a blanket that scores highly in the fit category! A five-star rating guarantees you a blanket that we know is easy to fit, and which stays firmly in place once fitted. It won’t crease or ride up through the night, so you won’t have to worry about being disturbed as you sleep.
Generally, fully-fitted electric blankets score more highly than other models here. This is because they use an elastic skirt to hug the mattress, so they offer a more secure fit. If you’re particular about that sort of thing, a fully-fitted model should be essential.
Heat-Up Time
After you switch your blanket on, how long does it take to get warm? Generally, modern blankets won’t take longer than 15 minutes to reach their target temperature. However, to earn that coveted five-star rating, a blanket will have to warm up inside five minutes.
Energy Efficiency
It’s important to be eco-friendly in this day and age, which is why we test each blanket for energy efficiency. A five-star rating means the blanket uses barely any electricity to keep you cosy, so you can run them for around 1p per night.
Heated throws and overblankets are naturally less energy efficient than underblankets. This is because more of the heat is lost in the room. When you’re using an underblanket, the warmth is trapped under your duvet, so it doesn’t have to work as hard to reach its target temperature. Bear this in mind if you want a blanket that’s the cheapest to run!
Value for Money
Everyone wants to get the most for their money, don’t they? This category is the simplest, but for many, it’s the most important. We have some great entry-level blankets on sale for under £25, luxurious smart electric blankets with Wi-Fi connections, and everything in between, so there’s a great-value option available for every budget.
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Unfortunately, progress on the solar farm has been slow over the last few months and has taken up a lot of our time. We are now waiting for an agreement from the Department of Planning, Industry and Environment to revise the solar farm design that will improve its viability. Our regular solar farm updates have hopefully kept you informed.
Hardly a week goes by however without some news or information about community or renewable energy. Here are some interesting news reports. I have provided a brief summary of each one and references that you could use to find more details.
At the same time, EG has been working on a number of other things as you will see in the Project Updates below. The Committee values your continued support and welcomes any comments, suggestions or questions you may have.
Due to Covid restrictions, we could not hold an Annual General Meeting in November 2020. In the current Covid climate we will have to wait and see about this year as well. We do appreciate your continuing financial support with our $10 annual membership fees now due.
Yours with energy
David
News
Study finds green roofs make solar panels more efficient
Two identical office buildings side by side in Sydney's Barangaroo provided a perfect opportunity for solar energy researchers to test a long-held hunch. Would surrounding rooftop solar panels with green plants make them more efficient? The answer, as it turned out, was yes! You knew that!
The study confirmed that solar panels work better when they're not too hot. In fact, over eight months, the roof with vegetation surrounding the panels generated an additional 3.6% of renewable energy. There were other environmental benefits associated with building temperature and water re-use at the site.
Home battery boost as NSW set to remove planning permit for installations
The New South Wales Government looks set to remove planning rules associated with the installation of residential solar storage. It will still be necessary to get approval from your local electricity distribution provider (eg Essential Energy). Stability of the grid!
Proposed changes to the Infrastructure State Environment Planning Policy (SEPP), announced on 16 Aug 2021 and opened to public exhibition, will remove the requirement for households in NSW to get a development permit to install a home battery.
Australian Energy Market Operator predicts stable supply following closures of coal-fired power stations
Until recently, the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) had forecast a shortfall in electricity generation and possible blackouts in New South Wales following the closure of the aging coal-fired power stations over the next five years.
However, in the AEMO’s latest report on electricity supply, "the previously identified reliability gap in NSW is no longer forecast." Fantastic news!
The Energise Gloucester Committee is still waiting to hear whether the NSW Government will allow us to redesign the solar farm. A redesign to include a battery is necessary to secure the financial viability of the project because of:
higher than forecast tenders for construction;
an unexpectedly high connection fee from Essential Energy for grid connection; and
reduced income from standard sales of electricity to the grid on a fixed time contract.
We look forward to being able to explain how time of day sales will increase income from a solar farm battery. Komo Energy will be providing technical support for this.
Involvement from the EG Committee is by Neill Bencke, Peter Buettel, Tibor Kovats and David Marston.
Other Projects
Alison Bencke is leading a group working with Komo on a solar carpark development that would include a facility for electric vehicle charging.
Kerry Marston is working with the BWNG to assist people with large energy bills to analyse their costs and apply for NSW Government assistance. These people can then request an energy audit from a group led by Pat Burrows who can advise them on energy saving and efficiency options.
Di Montague and David Marston are developing a project to provide the BWNG with a battery to further reduce their costs.
The Committee values your continued support and welcomes any comments or questions.
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EU Proposes Fossil Fuel Car Ban by 2035 Mike Sanders/ 3 months ago
I think it would be fair to say that the writing is almost certainly on the wall for the future of the fossil fuel car. Yes, exactly when the last one will roll off a production line is still more than a little of a contentious subject, but with many major car manufacturers having already committed to an electric future, it does seem that, sooner or later, we’re all going to be moving places in electric cars.
To get to the earlier question though, when will that happen? Well, following a report via TheNextWeb, the European Union Parliament has just proposed a new law that could potentially see fossil fuel-based cars banned by 2035.
EU Issues Fossil Fuel Car Ban Legislation
Now, it should be noted, at least at the time of writing, that this is just a proposal and, as such, it is still a
long way off being confirmed into law for nations within the European Union. If it is, however, ratified, then by 2035 all cars that are manufactured within Europe will be required to be entirely electric. If it rolls off the production line with gasoline, diesel, or any other current fossil fuel engine, it will be deemed both illegal and unroadworthy.
The overall proposals submitted are primarily looking to achieve two key goals:
CO2 motor vehicle emissions must drop by 55% by 2030, and reach zero by 2035 Plug-in hybrids will remain classed as low-emission vehicles only until 2030 Bold… But Practical?
One of the biggest arguments against the mass adoption of electric cars largely falls into two categories. The first is down to infrastructure. If you’re going to have to have this many electric cars on the road, you’re simply going to have to provide more widespread charging functionality. What, for example, are people who live in highly condensed apartment units supposed to do? Dangle an extension cord from the window? – The second key factor, however, simply boils down to energy. We’re already struggling to make enough to suit our needs at the moment, let alone to handle millions of new electric cars thrown into the mix. And for all the people clamouring for us to go ‘100% green’ with electric cars, I daresay very few of them would be in favour of the masses of power plants (probably mostly nuclear) that would be necessary to handle them.
In a nutshell, I personally think 2035 is an admirable, but ultimately unachievable or at least impractical goal and, although certainly not popular, fossil fuel is probably going to be sticking around for a lot longer than that. – But what do you think? – Let us know in the comments!
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Sink your teeth into endodontics (root canal therapy) to preserve your smile in Frederick, MD
“Endodontics” is a fancy term for treatments that involve the inside of the tooth. In fact, “endo” and “odont” are the Greek terms for “inside” and “tooth.” The most popular type of endodontic treatment is root canal therapy.
At the Asuncion Dental Group in Frederick, MD, we are well-equipped to offer almost every dental procedure on-site, including root canal treatment. Dr. Frederick Asuncion has more than 20 years of experience resolving deep oral infections and damage with root canal therapy and other means. A root canal may be the only way to preserve a badly damaged tooth. And Dr. Asuncion has had the privilege of “saving” single-rooted and the anterior teeth at the front of the upper and lower jaws with this standard, brief therapy.
If, however, you have complex anatomical characteristics or a complicated case involving the back teeth, we have forged and maintained strong relationships with some of the region’s top endodontic specialists. For these specialists, root canal and associated surgical therapies are all that they do. While other dentists may perform a few root canal treatments each week, endodontists may perform dozens of these procedures every week. They also have specialized equipment to precisely treat even the most complicated cases and offer alternative surgical options should nonsurgical techniques not be appropriate.
Getting to the heart of inner tooth treatment
At its heart, root canal treatment is like a “deep clean” for your tooth. It involves accessing the innermost pulp tissue. And is done to numbed teeth. So, you won’t feel anything! We can also discuss sedative options to make you feel as relaxed as possible in the treatment chair. Once the pulp has been accessed, the damaged tissue is removed. The root canals containing this nervy tissue that help support the tooth are also sterilized and shaped. The treatment site is then filled with a gutta-percha material to “seal off” the area and prevent reinfection. Typically, a temporary restoration is worn as the tooth heals while the permanent crown is being made. That being said, we offer “same-day” crowns, thanks to on-site CEREC technology. We can make permanent crowns and other restorations in a single visit while our patients wait.
The power of prevention
As a general dentist, Dr. Asuncion takes great pride in his wide-ranging training and expertise. He works closely with patients to resolve, halt, and reverse progressive decay, disease, and other oral conditions that can threaten a tooth’s integrity and that ultimately lead to the need for root canal treatment. We are big supporters of conservative dentistry, knowing that teeth function best and look their best when maximum (healthy) natural tooth structure is preserved. Root canal treatment is also a conservative alternative to extraction and tooth loss, a “last resort” procedure.
We encourage you to speak to us if you experience symptoms, such as new sensitivity or bleeding, when you brush your teeth. However, if you are bothered by changes right now, do not delay scheduling an appointment with our team in Frederick, MD, led by Dr. Frederick Asuncion. (301) 690-8482
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The current situation is presenting a number of practical difficulties for employers regarding right to work and other immigration matters that may arise amongst their employees. The Home Office has been proactive in relaxing many of its strict requirements to assist, however some areas remain uncertain: Right to work checks – a valid right … Continue readingOn 19 February 2020 the UK Government published its policy statement setting out its proposals for a new points-based immigration system. Following the UK’s exit from the EU, free movement of workers will cease and all EU and non-EU citizens will be treated equally from 1 January 2021. The Government will introduce a new immigration … Continue readingThe World Health Organisation has declared that the Coronavirus is a public health emergency of international concern and the first reported cases have appeared in the UK. What steps should employers be taking in relation to their employees? Travel to affected areas Employers owe a duty of care to their employees to take reasonable steps … Continue reading The Migration Advisory Committee (MAC) published its widely anticipated report on 28 January 2020, setting out its recommendations for a new UK immigration system to be launched in time for the end of free movement of people on 31 December 2020. The Government will be considering the recommendations in the context of its Immigration Bill, expected … Continue readingThe UK Government has announced that a new right to two weeks’ parental bereavement will come into force from 6 April 2020. The Parental Bereavement Leave and Pay Regulations (which have been laid before Parliament and are awaiting final approval) implement a statutory right to a minimum of two weeks unpaid leave for all employed … Continue readingAs we start the new year with a new Government in the UK, we consider the important employment law changes that will, or may, come into effect in 2020. New right to a written statement of terms Currently, employees who have been continuously employed for more than one month must be provided with a written … Continue reading The ownership of a company’s intellectual property is a sensitive subject for many companies. A recent case considered the compensation an employee may be entitled to under the Patents Act 1977 where the patents are held to be of outstanding benefit to the employer. As it is often a company’s employees who create intellectual property, … Continue readingA recent UK case considered whether an employer acted reasonably in requiring an employee, who was not a national of the European Economic Area (EEA), married to an EEA national, to produce documentation to show his right to work in the UK. In the UK: 1) it is illegal to for an employer in the … Continue readingA recent decision in the UK Court of Appeal has provided guidance in the area of privilege in employment claims. In Curless v Shell International Ltd, the Court of Appeal had to consider whether legal advice privilege should be disapplied to an email on the basis that the advice fell within the “iniquity principle”. Legal … Continue reading The Home Office has announced a new fast-track immigration offer for individuals with skills in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) subjects. The scheme will provide a three-year visa, during which the individual can come and go from the UK at will. Following the three year period, those on the scheme can apply for indefinite … Continue readingThe Home Office has published an unexpected update in relation to the Tier 2 and 5 Guidance for Sponsors. Where an employee wishes to enter the UK as a skilled worker (Tier 2) or temporary worker or under the youth mobility scheme (Tier 5), they will need to be “sponsored” before they can apply to … Continue readingSince the enactment of the ‘adverse action’ provisions under the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) (FW Act) some 10 years ago, it is far more difficult for an employer to lawfully dismiss an executive or senior manager. Why? Because adverse action claims: are relatively easy to bring; can include compensation for hurt, distress and humiliation … Continue reading The Home Secretary has asked the Migration Advisory Committee (MAC) to review future salary thresholds for the new immigration system which is due to come into force in January 2021. As we mentioned in our blog post- The immigration white paper – what will it mean for the UK’s future immigration system? December 2018 – … Continue readingDespite Brexit dominating the headlines there are several key changes to employment law coming into force in April 2019. Extension of itemised pay statements to workers, not just employees – 6 April 2019 Currently, only employees are required to be given an itemised pay statement. From 6 April the Employment Rights Act (Itemised Pay … Continue readingAnother interesting and unforeseen consequence of Brexit is the power struggle that has been triggered between the Premier League and the FA in relation to post Brexit quotas for “home grown” players and the visa requirements for overseas players. The FA is seeking to use Brexit as an opportunity to boost the longer term health … Continue reading Following on from it proposals for reform, which we reported on at the end of last year (Corporate Governance Proposals), the UK Government has now published draft regulations, (the draft Companies (Miscellaneous Reporting) Regulations 2018) . The draft regulations will implement some of the proposals, in particular in relation to holding larger companies to account … Continue readingMore and more organisations are growing their global footprint and need to move their people around the world. In this global environment, it is essential to know, understand and comply with employment and labour laws in place across all of the jurisdictions in which organisations engage people. This will help to protect business from unnecessary … Continue reading
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February Dental Special From Your Veterinarian in Greenfield: 20% Off Dental Cleanings
Greenfield Veterinary Clinic is pleased to offer substantial savings on one of the most critical but overlooked veterinary services offered at their animal clinic: pet dental care.
To raise awareness about the importance of pet dental health, the Greenfield animal clinic will be offering 20% off all pet dental cleanings in recognition of National Pet Dental Health month. This sale will also extend through the month of March.
Veterinarian in Greenfield Promoting Pet Dental Veterinary Services
Your veterinarian in Greenfield strives to educate their clients on the importance of routine dental care for animals. Pet owners are often very vigilant about general veterinary care for their pets; however, they don’t always seek out pet dental exams among the veterinary services available to their pet.
Just like humans, animals need dental care for optimal health and well being. Good oral health is essential for a strong immune system and proper organ functioning. Problems with oral health indicate an excess of bacteria, which can lead to cavities, periodontal disease (gum disease), abscess, tooth loss, and worse.
Pet Dental Health Crucial to Heart Health, Overall Health
In extreme cases, poor pet dental health can even lead to cardiovascular disease and a negative impact on organ health. This is because the excess bacteria in the mouth can leach into the bloodstream and then travel throughout the body. This can tax the organs, the immune system, and open the door to a range of other illnesses.
The February dental special offered by Greenfield Veterinary Clinic will extend through March 31st, 2017 to help ensure all area pets can receive a teeth cleaning. All dental cleanings will be 20% off during this time.
If your pet hasn’t had a pet dental exam and cleaning in over a year, they are probably overdue. Now is the perfect opportunity to make sure your pet receives this important veterinary service this year. Greenfield animal clinic and veterinarian Greenfield Veterinary Clinic will do a thorough job to ensure any dental issues can be detected and treated while they are still in the early stages. Call today to book your pet's dental appointment.
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Trust, access confer success in community-based hypertension management
Hypertension is a well-established, powerful risk factor for CVD and stroke, especially in black individuals, but the challenge lies in identifying and deploying the most efficient strategy to prevent and control BP.
According to the CDC, 1 in 3 U.S. adults has hypertension, defined as 140 mm Hg over 90 mm Hg or above or use of antihypertensive medication, and nearly half of those with hypertension have not achieved control. In addition, an estimated 13 million U.S. adults with hypertension do not know that they have the condition and, thus, are not receiving treatment.
Hypertension among black adults was the topic of a study published in July in the
Journal of the American Heart Association. By age 55 years, approximately 75% of black men and women developed hypertension, compared with 55% of white men and 40% of white women, according to an analysis of data from the longitudinal CARDIA study. In this study, incident hypertension was defined as a mean systolic BP greater than 130 mm Hg, a mean diastolic BP greater than 80 mm Hg and use of antihypertensive medication, based on the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association BP guideline definition. The finding in this recent study of a higher risk for hypertension among black individuals is consistent with previous cross-sectional and longitudinal studies such as NHANES and MESA.
“Hypertension is the No. 1 Medicare expenditure,”
Kim Allan Williams Sr., MD, professor of cardiovascular disease at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago, past president of the American College of Cardiology and a Cardiology Today Editorial Board Member, said in an interview. “If you look at it from the point of view of patriotism — that is, what can we do in the United States to improve the health of Americans — getting rid of systemic hypertension would go a long way.” Targeting hypertension in the community
One area of focus has been finding new ways to treat black individuals with uncontrolled hypertension.
A study presented at the ACC Scientific Session in March and simultaneously published in
The New England Journal of Medicine looked at BP reduction in the nontraditional health care setting of black-owned barbershops. The NHLBI-funded, cluster-randomized study enrolled 319 black male patrons at 52 barbershops in the Los Angeles region who had systolic BP of 140 mm Hg or greater. Half of the participants were randomly assigned to a pharmacist-led intervention, in which barbers encouraged the patrons with uncontrolled hypertension to meet with specialty trained pharmacists, with monthly meetings at the barbershops to check BP, prescribe medication under a collaborative practice agreement with the patrons’ physicians and monitor electrolytes. The other half were randomly assigned to an active-control group, in which barbers encouraged doctor appointments and lifestyle modification.
At 6 months, those assigned the pharmacist-led intervention with health promotion at barbershops had a mean decrease in systolic BP of 27 mm Hg compared with 9.3 mm Hg in the active-control group. Overall, 63.6% of the intervention group achieved a BP less than 130/80 mm Hg compared with 11.7% of the active-control group. Retention was high in the intervention group, at 95%.
“We think it was the entire package that led to this large reduction in blood pressure,”
Ronald G. Victor, MD, associate director of the Smidt Heart Institute at Cedars-Sinai, told Cardiology Today. Victor and colleagues conducted the cluster-randomized study in black barbershops. “One of the main factors is having doctorate-level pharmacists who got extra training in hypertension management to take over on blood pressure management. They were much more accessible than a traditional doctor visit and they made this program optimally convenient for the men by bringing the treatment directly to men in their barbershops so they didn’t have to go to a doctor’s office. They also used a finger-stick amount of blood with a point-of-care device to check blood chemistry in the barbershops so the men didn’t have to travel to a clinical laboratory. The protocol that we used to treat blood pressure was simple, but it was powerful.”
Speaking on the findings at the ACC Scientific Session, Victor said the community outreach study was undertaken because black men have less physician interaction than black women and white individuals, as well as lower rates of treatment and hypertension control.
“In general, it has been difficult to show that control of hypertension in community settings ... has led to an actual increase in blood pressure control,”
Keith C. Ferdinand, MD, professor at Tulane University School of Medicine in New Orleans and a Cardiology Today Editorial Board Member, said in an interview . “Nevertheless, the recent study by Ron Victor and colleagues from Cedars-Sinai using community barbershops in the Los Angeles area for the first time perhaps demonstrates robust blood pressure lowering in the community setting.”
This particular study also showed that managing hypertension is a continuous function that goes beyond the physician’s office.
“It is what happens when we engage with the patient, but it’s also what happens when the patient is monitoring blood pressure at home and when a patient is experiencing life in their community,”
Clyde W. Yancy, MD, MSc, vice dean for diversity and inclusion, chief of cardiology in the department of medicine, Magerstadt Professor and professor of medicine and medical social sciences at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and past president of the American Heart Association, said in an interview. “If we miss the opportunity to have home blood pressures to understand the engagement in the community and only rely on office blood pressures, we have an unfortunate risk of having a therapeutic misadventure, either missing masked hypertension ... or white coat hypertension.” Promise, challenges of community intervention
While the aforementioned barbershop study represents a huge step in managing hypertension in black communities, the concept of community intervention began years ago. During the past 40 years, programs focusing on CV outreach have been implemented, although research confirming the efficacy of community intervention has been limited.
The NHLBI funded various community studies in the 1980s on the effectiveness of CVD risk reduction including hypertension. The Minnesota Heart Health Program, Stanford Five-City Project and Pawtucket Heart Health Program all increased the evidence base in this area.
The concept of black barbershops was pioneered by
Elijah J. Saunders, MD, and B. Waine Kong, PhD, JD, in Baltimore. Subsequently, a project in New Orleans supported by the NHLBI — the Heart Healthy Community Prevention Project — was led by Daphne Ferdinand, RN, PhD, and Keith C. Ferdinand. Centers were set up in beauty shops, barbershops and churches for patients to receive health education and have their BP measured.
Trust is a major aspect of the success of community-based hypertension management.
“In any relationship in a physician’s office, in the hospital, in the ICU setting even, the first thing that has to be accomplished is that the provider and the patient have to build a bond,” Yancy told
Cardiology Today. “What makes that bond cemented is trust. When trust is there, we can do so much more. When there’s doubt, when there’s uncertainty, when there’s ambivalence or fear, we can’t be successful. The important thing about going to the community is that when we find the right set of resources in a community, trust happens.”
Trust played a critical part in the recent black barbershop study published in
NEJM.
“I cannot overestimate the importance of the barbers’ endorsement of the program,” Victor said. “The barbers and their customers have a trustful relationship, so by the barbers endorsing the program, it overcomes some of the trust issues that are still unfortunately present among minority populations, especially black men when it comes to either participating in medical research or just following up with routine medical care.”
Convenience is also crucial when targeting hypertension in a community setting; for example, in the recent barbershop study, pharmacists brought therapies to a centralized location. Bringing health care intervention to a place where members of a community spend much of their time may yield greater retention and success. Further, the reduced cost of access to a health care provider in a community setting like a barbershop, compared with a doctor’s office, may aid in its effectiveness.
“When you do [all of these things], you begin to empower people,”
Marcus L. Williams, MD, cardiologist at Horizon Cardiology in Fair Lawn, New Jersey, and past president of the Association of Black Cardiologists, told Cardiology Today. “In the barbershop, some of these will become real advocates for people and that sometimes works better than coming to a medical facility or a system outside of the community initially to reach them.”
However, barriers exist in the implementation of community-based hypertension management.
“It’s complicated because you take the science of hypertension and what we know generically about what is involved and how it affects different populations, but then you have to bring that information to context within a community and their race, culture and religion,” Marcus Williams told
Cardiology Today. “Many factors can sometimes play a role in how well it is perceived in the community.”
Other issues that come into play include the ability to change adult behaviors, privacy regarding patient health information in a public setting and a lack of rigorous evidence on the effect of community interventions for improving BP control, experts told
Cardiology Today.
Some health care professionals, and patients, said they believe that a patient can receive more efficient care if they go to the office rather than a center within the community, experts said.
“It is always easier when patients go to their physicians, from a provider standpoint,”
Willie E. Lawrence Jr., MD, chief of cardiology at Research Medical Center at HCA Midwest Health in Kansas City, Missouri, said in an interview. “It’s a more efficient system to be in one place and to have everybody come to you. That’s one of the obstacles. I have conducted blood pressure screenings at food clinics and in situations where you think you have people coming back regularly. These approaches may be more resource-intensive as you try to get the providers to the patients. Yet, while traditional systems may be more efficient for the provider, they have not been effective for the patient. We must develop home- and community-based systems that are both effective and sustainable.” Benefits of active engagement
With hypertension, which is often asymptomatic, once individuals are treated, health care professionals can monitor them to determine whether antihypertensive therapy is effective.
“We can also assess more appropriately whether or not there is a concern with regard to risk by having more active engagement,” Yancy told
Cardiology Today. “What someone tells me in the office over an 18-minute visit might not accurately capture what they’re experiencing day in and day out in the rest of the community.”
This increased rate of control can lead to decreases in the effects of hypertension, experts said.
“This is fundamental to stroke prevention, heart attack, aortic blood vessel diseases, heart failure and even some valvular diseases,” Kim Allan Williams Sr. said in an interview. “There are so many things that can go wrong within the cardiovascular system based on elevated blood pressure.”
Some cardiologists believe that the success related to community-based hypertension management — whether in a barbershop, at a health fair, in churches and so on — is based on increased awareness.
“When we focus on working in the community, it allows us to increase awareness within the community and empower the community to take care of its own health,” Marcus Williams said. “For that reason, it’s important to talk about it and to figure out ways to empower a community so that patients can actually take care of themselves and be knowledgeable and make good decisions to control their blood pressure, which ultimately leads to much better outcomes.”
Ongoing research
Researchers continue to investigate strategies to target hypertension and other CVDs in the community. While the recent
NEJM study of a barbershop-based hypertension management program showed benefit, further research is needed to validate the findings and also establish the best approaches for community-based interventions.
“In general, we need to continue to document in a science-based, evidence-based approach that these interventions outside of the physician’s office actually lead to better control of risk factors,” Ferdinand told
Cardiology Today. He also called for research in “in other parts of the United States and in other racial/ethnic groups including disadvantaged or poor white communities.”
Community sites beyond barbershops should also be a focus of future research, such as hair salons for women, churches and grocery stores, in addition to the other communities that would benefit from these types of interventions, experts told
Cardiology Today.
It is also important to develop ideal strategies to achieve this benefit with a larger number of patients in ways that do not place a great burden on providers.
For example, “it is demanding to have pharmacists go to barbershops on a weekly basis,” Lawrence said. “That is a lot of resources. It is trying to create these systems of care that make use of pharmacists and of community workers. In the end, we need to figure out ways to get patients to come to the providers to close that gap, to figure out how to meet people where they are while at the same time not having to require this system of care to require such intensive demand on pharmacists or whoever their providers might be.”
Cost-effectiveness also should be considered when creating a community-based program for hypertension management, and quantifying the costs of these interventions is critical to establish benefit for patients and providers, experts said.
All of this research combined can come together to help shape policy or create opportunities within local, state or federal government to provide resources to members of their community, experts said. Some of this research will be in the works in the future.
“Now that we have evidence from a randomized controlled trial on efficacy, the key thing is to scale this up and to implement it in the real world,” Victor said. “We are going to do cost-effectiveness analyses of this. What we hope to do is have industry partners as well as governmental agencies like CMS to partner with us on implementation research on a broad scale.”
This type of research on community-based hypertension management is different than other studies that assess the benefits of a drug or device, experts said.
“It is unique in a sense that it is not as clean as a pure bench-lab science project,” Marcus L. Williams told
Cardiology Today. “You are incorporating science and health issues and social science to understand social determinants that help create success in implementing whatever intervention it is you want to do.”
Although research is important in this area, implementation is also critical.
“It is less about research and more about clinical application of a great technique in terms of the barbershop program,” Kim Allan Williams Sr. said. “It needs to be globalized. We need to be doing this everywhere.”
Benefit of cardiologists in community settings
While hypertension management in the community setting may commonly be done by pharmacists, nurse practitioners and other health care providers, the cardiologist can also play an important role in the success of this approach.
“Cardiologists are uniquely positioned due to the respect that the general community and primary care providers have in the wisdom of the cardiologist to help guide therapy,” Ferdinand said. “Despite busy personal schedules, the community would be well-served if cardiologists could find time on occasion to volunteer as an on-site representative of the medical field during some of these community interventions and, furthermore, to help educate primary care providers in the community in general about the importance of intensive blood pressure control to decrease heart attacks, strokes, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease and chronic kidney disease.”
Whether in a leadership role or behind the scenes, cardiologists are critical in the implementation of community-based interventions.
“What we really can and should do is to be the coach, be the champion, be the person who helps put these networks together, be the person who helps makes certain that the protocols are right, the titration schemes are correct, that there is someone with whom the community provider can identify when questions arise,” Yancy told
Cardiology Today. – by Darlene Dobkowski References: CDC. Undiagnosed hypertension. Available at: www.cdc.gov/features/undiagnosed-hypertension/index.html. Accessed July 3, 2018. Ferdinand KC, et al. J Clin Hypertens.2012;doi:10.1111/j.1751-7176.2012.00622.x. Thomas SJ, et al. J Am Heart Assoc.2018;doi:10.1161/JAHA.117.007988. Victor RG, et al. N Engl J Med.2018;doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1717250. For more information: Keith C. Ferdinand, MD,can be reached at Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave., SL-8548, New Orleans, LA 70112; email: [email protected]. Willie E. Lawrence Jr., MD,can be reached at Midwest Heart and Vascular Specialists, 2330 East Meyer Blvd., Suite T 509, Kansas City, MO; email: [email protected]. Ronald G. Victor, MD,can be reached at Advanced Health Sciences Pavilion, 127 S. San Vicente Blvd., Third Floor, A3600, Los Angeles, CA 90048; email: [email protected]. Kim Allan Williams Sr., MD,can be reached at Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612; email: [email protected]. Marcus L. Williams, MD,can be reached at Horizon Cardiology, 10-14 Saddle River Road, Fair Lawn, NJ 07410; email: [email protected]. Clyde W. Yancy, MD, MSc,can be reached at Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. St. Clair, Suite 600, Chicago, IL 60611; email: [email protected]. Disclosures: Lawrence, Victor, Marcus Williams, Kim Allan Williams Sr. and Yancy report no relevant financial disclosures. Ferdinand reports he was on the data and safety monitoring board for the Los Angeles barbershop study that was funded by the NHLBI.
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Music therapy is the use of music to gain physical and emotional healing and wellness. A trained and certified music therapist can provide music therapy. Therapy sessions can involve listening to music, music-making, or both. Music-making is a healthy way of expressing yourself.
You can use music therapy to help your mental and physical health. It helps people express themselves, find new memories, and calm the body and mind through its rhythm, order, and predictability. Music therapy is sometimes combined with movement therapies, such as dance.
Music therapy:
May decrease forgetfulness (dementia) by: Improving your connection to others. Helping the brain produce a calming substance (melatonin). Improving how well you speak. Improving long-term and medium-term memory. May help children deal with necessary but painful procedures. Crying is often affected by music. Is used to reduce the pain of cancer treatment.
Research is beginning to reveal how music works to heal the body and mind.
1The rhythm and tone of music can excite you or relax you. Music therapy can help reduce your heart rate and blood pressure and increase your ability to think, learn, reason, and remember.
Music therapy is considered safe.
Citations Freeman L (2009). Physiologic pathways of mind-body communication. In L Freeman, ed., Mosby's Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Research-Based Approach, 3rd ed., pp. 1–29. St. Louis: Mosby Elsevier.
Current as of: March 17, 2021
Author: Healthwise Staff
Medical Review: Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine Christine R. Maldonado PhD - Behavioral Health
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Expecting rich nations to pay for 'loss and damage' of unavoidable climate change impact is fine in theory but torturous in practice.
Much of the discourse underlying the debate on the most appropriate method to combat climate change has centred on the idea that those who have contributed to it most significantly ought to be held liable for its consequences. This so-called "polluter pays" principle is commonly enshrined in domestic environmental legislation.
However, there has been resistance to the creation of a similar basis under international law to allocate responsibility to more highly polluting countries for loss and damage resulting from climate change. As instances of national courts holding the executive branch of government to account for failing to uphold the commitments set out in the Paris Agreement grow in number, the question of potential State liability for loss and damage is likely to continue generating debate, especially in the context of the UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties to be held in the United Kingdom in November 2021 ("
COP26"). The concept of Loss and Damage in the climate change policy space
As discussed in the context of climate change and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change ("
UNFCCC"), the term "loss and damage" is usually understood to refer to the harmful economic and non-economic impacts of both slow onset and extreme weather events. The category of slow onset events covers the risks and impacts associated with increasing temperatures, desertification, loss of biodiversity, land and forest degradation, glacial retreat, ocean acidification, sea level rise and salinisation. As for extreme weather events, they include heatwaves and storm surges among others. 1
Economic loss and damage usually refers to a reduction in the value of economic items, i.e. resources, goods and services that are commonly traded in markets. Conversely, non-economic items are those that are not easily quantifiable in economic terms. Non-economic losses therefore include loss of human life, biodiversity and displacement.
2 It is widely thought that it is economically developing countries that are at higher risk of suffering loss and damage associated with climate change than economically developed countries, particularly when it comes to non-economic loss and damage. 3
This concept has been developed incrementally in line with various climate change-related instruments under international law. The Warsaw International Mechanism for Loss and Damage (the "
Warsaw Mechanism"), established at the 19 th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties held in 2013 (" COP19") acknowledged that loss and damage sustained as a result of climate change can be permanent, and is not always susceptible to mitigation and adaptation measures. The Warsaw Mechanism also aims to address the issue of loss and damage by introducing 15 provisions principally aimed at enhancing signatories' understanding of risk management strategies, increasing their technological and financial capacity to combat climate change, and fostering dialogue between key stakeholders. 4
However, the Warsaw Mechanism did not address the question of attribution of liability, and the related issue of compensation for loss and damage suffered by individual signatories.
5 Notably, it was established for an initial two-year period, and was intended to operate " subject to the availability of financial resources". 6 Nevertheless, the Warsaw Mechanism did facilitate more open and constructive discussion on the concepts of loss and damage.
The Warsaw Mechanism was later supplemented by the establishment of the Santiago Network for Loss and Damage ("
Santiago Network") at the UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (" COP25") held in 2019. The Santiago Network was intended to facilitate the provision of technical assistance to developing countries vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change. 7 However, the Parties at COP26 did not adopt a plan to implement the Santiago Network and, to date, it is not fully operational. 8 Loss and Damage under the Paris Agreement
This concept was further developed and formalised in the Paris Agreement. Article 8 of the Paris Agreement, signed at the UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties in 2015 ("
COP21"), reaffirmed the Warsaw Mechanism and set it on a permanent footing, engaging actively with the concepts of loss and damage. Article 8 further established a clearing house for risk transfer to serve as a repository for information on insurance and risk transfer, and established a UNFCCC Task Force on Displacement.
Notably, however, Paragraph 51 of the COP21 Decision on the Implementation of the Paris Agreement states that "
Article 8 of the [Paris] Agreement does not involve or provide a basis for any liability or compensation". 9 The Decisions taken at each UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties effectively constitute a binding rulebook for the effective implementation of the UNFCCC, and the omission of clear rules on liability or compensation to date is significant. 10
As such, the Paris Agreement does not appear to provide an express basis for signatories to be held liable for compensation in respect of loss and damage suffered by other State signatories. Nonetheless, whilst the Warsaw Mechanism was instrumental in focusing and formalising the discussion of loss and damage suffered by State signatories as a result of climate change, COP21 highlighted the existence of a range of views surrounding the questions of liability and compensation.
11 COP26: How will the concept of Loss and Damage be further developed?
The upcoming COP26 is a further opportunity for discussion of this core concept. Early indications already suggest that it will be a focus for debate. The concept of loss and damage did not feature on the agenda for the Bonn Climate Change Conference held in June 2021, a precursor to COP26. Nevertheless, the two-week Presidency Programme published by the UK Government (as the host of the conference) indicates that the discussions to be held on 8 November will focus on "
adaptation, loss and damage". 12
While the precise scope of these discussions is not yet clear, it is expected that the following points will be addressed at COP26 in the light of their current relevance: (i) the development of a plan for the implementation of the Santiago Network;
13 (ii) commitments by economically developed countries to provide aid in the form of funding to developing countries to combat the effects of climate change; 14 and (iii) the creation of initiatives to maximise private sector investment to combat climate change. 15 Implications for commercial parties Judicial activism
Since the UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties held in 2019 ("
COP25"), there has been significantly increased judicial activism globally, and, in particular, in Europe, with some national courts, for instance, in the Netherlands, Germany and France, declaring that existing legislative regimes do not adequately facilitate the fulfilment of emissions-related objectives enshrined in the Paris Agreement.
While these decisions have been targeted at the State level rather than at commercial parties, they are not wihout implications for entities operating in these States and the emissions reductions standards to which they may be held in the future. Any further development of the Loss and Damage concept as part of COP26 may also be referenced in future disputes of the type seen in the Netherlands, Germany, France and other countries.
Increased environmental regulation
Similarly, the emphasis on elaborating and defining the concept of Loss and Damage may generate an increased public interest in, and focus on, domestic environmental regulation and the exposure of highly polluting states to future claims. The governments of a growing number of State signatories therefore may face increased domestic pressure to tighten climate change-relate regulations, including in relation to emissions and carbon reporting and verification schemes.
This phenomenon may also translate into calls for increased environmental regulation – both domestically and through instruments of international law – at COP26. A focus on the "polluter pays" principle, which dictates that those responsible for carrying out economic activity are to be held liable for any environmental damage caused by that activity, and is already enshrined in EU law,
16 could lead to governments increasingly scrutinising certain industries which have traditionally had a more significant carbon footprint. Comment
The Warsaw Mechanism and the Paris Agreement have established a framework within which the concept of loss and damage suffered by affected States may be discussed openly. While they do not establish a basis of liability and compensation as such, this position may change in the light of domestic courts' increasing willingness to hold the executive branch of governments accountable for inadequate action on climate change.
COP26 is set to provide an opportunity for States to address these matters in greater detail, and coordinate their position on emissions-related environmental regulation. Importantly, while these discussions may result in greater regulatory pressure on commercial parties, they are also likely to provide certain valuable commercial opportunities. We will continue watching this space closely and reporting on the HSF COP 26 hub and the HSF Climate Change blog.
Pidcock, R., & Yeo, S. (2017, September 5). "Explainer: Dealing with the 'loss and damage' caused by climate change". Carbon Brief. https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-dealing-with-the-loss-and-damage-caused-by-climate-change. UNFCCC (2013, October). "Non-economic losses in the context of the work programme on loss and damage: technical paper", FCCC/TP/2013/2, pp. 8-9. Heinrich Böll Stiftung (2021, 6 April). "Why do developing countries need support to address loss and damage?" https://us.boell.org/en/2021/04/06/why-do-developing-countries-need-support-address-loss-and-damage. UNFCCC (2020, February). "Loss and Damage: Online Guide". https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Online_Guide_feb_2020.pdf, Pidcock, R., & Yeo, S. (2017, September 5). "Explainer: Dealing with the 'loss and damage' caused by climate change". Carbon Brief. https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-dealing-with-the-loss-and-damage-caused-by-climate-change. UNFCC (2013, November). " Draft decision -/CP.19: Warsaw international mechanism for loss and damage associated with climate change impacts", FCCC/CP/2013/L.15, p. 4. UNFCCC, "The Santiago Network". https://unfccc.int/santiago-network/about. Women & Constituency of the UNFCCC (2021, April 27), "Call for action on the operationalisation of an effective Santiago network on loss and damage". https://womengenderclimate.org/call-for-action-on-the-operationalisation-of-an-effective-santiago-network-on-loss-and-damage/. UNFCCC, "Decision 1/CP.21 - Adoption of the Paris Agreement". https://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2015/cop21/eng/10a01.pdf#page=2. UNFCCC, "A guide to the climate change convention process". https://unfccc.int/resource/process/guideprocess-p.pdf. Wilson Center, Environment Change and Security Programme, "'Loss and Damage' and 'Liability and Compensation' – What’s the Difference and Why Does It Matter?". https://www.newsecuritybeat.org/2016/09/loss-damage-liability-compensation-whats-difference-matter/. UK Government, "COP26 Presidency Programme". https://ukcop26.org/the-conference/presidency-programme/. World Wildlife Fund, "Expectations on Loss & Damage at COP26". https://wwfint.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/final_expectations_on_loss___damage_report_type.pdf. Climate Vulnerable Forum, "Dealing with Loss and Damage at COP26". https://thecvf.org/ourvoice/blog/dealing-with-loss-and-damage-in-cop26/. UN Special Envoy for Climate Action and Finance and the Prime Minister's Finance Adviser for COP26, "Building a private finance system for net-zero: Priorities for private finance for COP26". https://ukcop26.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/COP26-Private-Finance-Hub-Strategy_Nov-2020v4.1.pdf. Article 191(2) Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union; Directive 2004/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 ("Environmental Liability Directive"). Legal Notice
The contents of this publication are for reference purposes only and may not be current as at the date of accessing this publication. They do not constitute legal advice and should not be relied upon as such. Specific legal advice about your specific circumstances should always be sought separately before taking any action based on this publication.
© Herbert Smith Freehills 2021
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Nothing comes as close to finding a batch of presents under the tree than discovering a mailbox full of letters and packages. While securing your mail is important, it’s also necessary to select a postbox that melds with your home’s exterior decor and has decorative appeal of its own. While browsing through mailboxes, be sure to consider the following tips:
Is there anything I should consider before installing a new mailbox? Not only should you keep in mind your own personal preferences when choosing your new letter box, you should also look for one stamped with the United States Postal Service postmaster general’s seal of approval. If you’re installing a new postbox or if you’re moving mailbox locations, it’s also recommended that you contact your local postmaster for approval before installation. What postbox styles are available? When choosing the kind of letter box you’ll be adding to your home, consider how much mail you generally receive as well as your aesthetic preferences. In general, you can choose from the following styles: • Post mounts: This style is ideal for curbside mailboxes. The box sits atop a post that’s installed in the ground, and there are dozens of sizes, colors and styles of this design to choose from. • Wall mounts: Wall-mount mailboxes are often installed near the front door or beside a gate. They’re available in a range of sizes and styles. • Freestanding: This design doesn’t require any poles to be set into the ground. Featuring decorative casings, they can be extremely customizable. • Mail slot: This style isn’t a true box; it allows mail to be delivered straight into your home via a slot in your front door. Where should I install my letter box? The U.S. Postal Service has specific recommendations for placement of your mailbox. Be sure to follow these guidelines to ensure that your postmaster will be able to safely deliver your letters and goodies. • Curbside: You’ll want to position your box about 40 to 45 inches off the ground and approximately 6 to 8 inches back from the curb. This will allow your delivery person to drop your mail inside without leaving the truck. • Wall mounted: If you’re mounting your postbox to your wall or fence, make sure your mail carrier will have easy access to it from your steps, porch or sidewalk. Your box should be about 4 feet from the ground so your mail carrier doesn’t have to stretch or bend over to place mail inside. • Mail slot: If you prefer to install a mail slot, look for one with an opening that’s at least 1½ inches high and 7 inches long. Be sure the bottom of your slot is at least 30 inches above the ground and that the slot has a hood that doesn’t extend past the bottom or side of the plate. The flap should be hinged at the top for horizontal slots, and vertical slots should include a hinge on the side opposite your front door’s hinges. What additional features can I add to my mailbox? To avoid your mail’s being tampered with, you might consider adding a lock to your postbox. Mailboxes also come in extra-large sizes to allow for more space, and some designs even open in the front or back for easier access. Many also come with decorative scrollwork and designs, plus built-in extras like planters and newspaper holders. Find where to buy Mailboxes and get inspired with our curated ideas for Mailboxes to find the perfect item for every room in your home. With such a wide selection of Mailboxes for sale, from brands like Special Lite Products Company, QualArc, and Modern Mailbox, you’re sure to find something that you’ll love. Shop from Mailboxes, like the E5 Mailbox or the modboxUSA Modern Vertical Wall Mounted Mailbox, while discovering new home products and designs. Whether you’re looking to buy Mailboxes online or get inspiration for your home, you’ll find just what you’re looking for on Houzz.
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An Iranian man has been sentenced to be blinded after he caused a man to lose the use of one eye following a brutal fight in 2018. The sentence is based on the Islamic eye-for-an-eye retribution law.
The punishment was handed down in accordance with the Iranian legal principle of qisas (retribution), in which those convicted of violent crimes can be subjected to retaliation in kind â or quite literally, "an eye for an eye", reported the
IranWire news website.
The defendant in this case, a 45-year-old man had a violent altercation with his neighbor in Fasham, a city in Tehran province in 2018. The other party, a 40-year-old man, was badly beaten up and lost the sight in his right eye, according to the local media.
The victim has demanded a literal application of the retribution law. The case was sent to Tehran's criminal court after he lodged a complaint.
Iran's Retribution Laws
Blinding has been deployed as a very rare criminal punishment in Iran since in the past decade.
Iran's legal system produces such verdicts by practicing an "eye for an eye" approach to justice on the basis of 7th century Islamic jurisprudence, according to the
Time magazine. These principles effectively offer victims of violent crime two legal choices, forgiveness or qesas.
In many cases, victims have halted the punishment and agreed financial compensation, or so-called "blood" money, with the perpetrators.
But the victim in this case has said that he is not ready to show clemency or agree to financial compensation.
"I suffered a lot during these four years, and I have no intention of forgiving [the perpetrator]," the man said, according to
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.
The retribution law allows victims and their families to demand retaliation for homicide or bodily harm. The punishment in such cases should be proportionate to the crime.
Convicts have 20 days to appeal their verdicts under Iranian law.
Unspeakably Cruel and Shocking Acts
As reported by
The New Arab, the brutal punishment was first handed down in 2008 against an individual who was found guilty of an acid attack, although the victim, Ameneh Bahrami chose to pardon the man at the last minute.
In 2015, Iranian medics gouged out the eye of a man who had also been found guilty of an acid attack.
A man from Qorveh, Kurdistan province, was also blinded in both eyes in November 2016 for throwing lime into the face of his four-year-old niece, blinding her.
At the time of the first cases, Amnesty International called the punishment "horrific" and said the Iranian judiciary was displaying "disregard of the basic principles of humanity."
Raha Bahreini, a researcher with Amnesty International's Iran team told the
Guardian, "Blinding is totally prohibited under international law, along with stoning, flogging, amputation and other forms of corporal punishment provided in Iran's Islamic penal code and must not be carried out under any circumstances."
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Now making gun laws stricter will not mean the death rate or shootings will decrease right away because mainly the only people that go to a gun store to buy a gun are law abiding gun owners. A criminal will always have a weapon and a way to get more weapons, criminals do not follow the law. In Chicago, they have some of the strictest gun laws in America, but the shootings still increase; they have had at least 141 people shot and over 40 deaths since the start of 2018. No
In Holmes’s diary he states that he would not target an airport due to “substantial security” (Frosch). However, this security presence doesn’t seem to be a heightened as one may seem as in early 2017, suspected shooter Esteban Santiago opened fire in a baggage claim area claiming the lives of five and injuring a number others (Mascia). This location was also noted as being a gun-free zone. The likeliness of minimalizing the severity of these scene would have been greatly increase if it weren’t for these gun-free ones restricting citizens from carrying a weapon to potentially neutralize the
It talks about that even though cars kill many people every year they are not banned, so why should guns be banned. The texts are mainly against banning guns, but the first debater believes that running background checks are important for the safety. Another point of view on this matter is given in text 2 by the third debater, where the writer argues for banning guns. The debater supports this argument by
Gun control is a problem that tends to occur very often in the past few years, and is affecting the U.S very badly. Gun control is what restricts people from buying and using guns, but these laws are not strengthened at the extent they need to be strengthened. This leads to many people getting these guns and using them to cause mass shootings all over the U.S. For example, according to the Council on Foreign Relationship, a news article that covers major world issues, in 2017, mass shootings at a music festival in Las Vegas and at a church near San Antonio have rekindled the gun control debate (“U.S. Gun Policy: Global Comparisons”). The fact that gun control is still not tightened is a huge margin and error, and still causes mass shootings as we just covered.
(Farago) After the recent shootings in our nation, there are people really starting to stand up and protest our guns. They ask does a well-regulated militia need AR-15s and AK-47s, which are “weapons of war and mass destruction”. (Nilsen) The people that say this need to realize that we have had these guns for multiple decades and that they don’t walk around and shoot the people by themselves. We can’t punish the people that are using these guns lawfully, let 's make it so the people that shouldn’t have these guns can’t get them. The Second Amendment protects our right to bear arms if we use them in a legal
“Just in 2018 there has been 18 school shootings, on average per week” (snopes:How many school shootings have taken place so far in 2018). The incidents that have occurred have been a big impact in people 's lives. Yet no one with power has spoken about the problems regarding the recent shooting. See, there are two main sides of gun control, the side that agrees and the side that doesn’t. People who agree believe that no one should be able to own a gun, or that there should simply be stricter gun control laws.
Concealed Weapons Carry What if people had the right to carry concealed guns everywhere, the many hours of training received and money spent on the right to be able to carry a concealed gun? Think about all the mass shootings that have occurred on in the world today and if people had the right to carry their concealed gun everywhere. The law prohibits people from carry concealed guns everywhere and it is not right, especially if people are licensed and trained to carry. People can go on and on about the reasons why concealed guns should not be carried everywhere and actually have some valid points. Nevertheless, carrying a concealed gun should not be prohibited from certain places especially with everything going on in society today.
President Trump had said that his administration will work on preventing people with severe mental health issues from ever purchasing a firearm. Yet doctors and psychiatrists say that there is very little connection between mental health and mass shootings. However each time a massacre occurs the perpetrator is labeled as mentally disturbed and or has some sort of mental health issue. So what is going to stop mass shootings? What is the first step us as americans should take to make a difference
People kill people, the fact that the people use the guns to hurt people is a horrible and tragic but, there is no reason to try and take away all guns from the responsible owners who use them for protection. The way this problem can be solved is by stricter back ground checks on the people who buy the guns, not only that but also a better job of keeping guns secured so people can not steal them. If the sellers of guns do a good and well investigated background check then hopefully they will see if that person is qualified, no previous history of gun or violence in general, or had a history of mental illness. It is preposterous to think that depression is not real, or it does not have an actual effect on people’s minds. Depression is a serious disease that causes so many young adults but also grown men and woman’s lives each year.
The most recent school shooting has everyone questioning whether guns should be banned or whether we should keep guns in the United States. Most gun owners have guns for protection and to protect their family and themselves. It's weird that only this shooting that happened in florida is being taken seriously but no one took the other school shootings as serious as this one. No one took into consideration that there has been many other shootings and just because only a few kids died so therefor it doesn't matter because only a few kids died. There is many other solutions to stop school shootings and banning guns is not going be the solution.
Firearms, handguns especially, are the weapon of choice in the majority of these homicides. While Chicago does have a reputation for rather firm gun laws they are not as severe as they once were (Fessenden and Park, New York Times). Completely banning ownership of all handguns is not the way to go, however punishment for illegally owned handguns needs to be more severe. Right now, the punishment for illegally owning a handgun is a one year sentence (Fessenden and Park, New York Times). One year is not enough to scare people into not illegal possessing a handgun.
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New attempt to solve pollution hotspots
RE-ROUTING lorries and scrapping a pedestrian crossing are among a series of measures being considered to tackle pollution hotspots in Ipswich, it emerged today.
RE-ROUTING lorries and scrapping a pedestrian crossing are among a series of measures being considered to tackle pollution hotspots in Ipswich, it emerged today.
Ipswich Borough Council is looking at ways of improving air quality at three hotspot sites across the town flagged up as having high nitrogen dioxide levels.
Worrying levels of the chemical, emitted from car exhausts, has been measured at Chevallier Street at the junction with Norwich Road, St Margaret's Street and the Star Lane gyratory system.
A report into the issue suggests a number of actions can be taken in a bid to alleviate the situation.
You may also want to watch:
These include:
reviewing the crossing at Bramford Road/Chevallier street to reduce congestion at the traffic lights
Most Read 1 Members of 'notorious' Ipswich gang jailed for 19 years 2 Updated: Bury Road reopened after two car collision near BMW garage 3 Ipswich council faces financial black hole over empty BHS store 4 Life sentence for man who stabbed and left woman in field near Ipswich 5 Man dies after being struck by lorry near A12 6 Semi-pro footballer ready to kickstart Football Fun Factory in Ipswich 7 Driver presses ahead with police complaint despite losing speeding trial 8 Matchday Recap: Aluko brace not enough as Blues draw at Cambridge 9 Ipswich train services cancelled due to signalling system fault 10 Royal Mail confirms removal of Ipswich postbox
monitoring lorry routes and coming up with cleaner alternatives
creating a new bus lane along Bishops Hill - to persuade more people to use public transport
constructing electric vehicle charging points across the town to allow easy recharging of environmental motors
encouraging cycling in the town
A total of 20 different ideas for improving congestion and pollution levels have been earmarked and will be looked into further to see which ones are the most viable.
Louise Gooch, who is responsible for environment at Ipswich Borough Council, said the possible solutions are now going out for consultation and said some or all may be implemented to try and tackle the problem.
She added that pollution levels appear to be dropping at the sites and the council is keen to monitor the situation prior to taking action.
“I think the important thing with this consultation is that these different actions that have come out will be tested to see which ones have the best effect and most impact on promoting air quality,” she said.
Sandy Martin, Labour's environment spokesman said action to alleviate pollution should be taken now rather then further down the line.
He said: “We want to see some positive action.
“They (the council) are now talking about investigating the possibility of various actions but are not putting any money into developing any of those actions.”
Are you concerned about pollution in Ipswich? Write to Your Letters, Evening Star, 30 Lower Brook Street, Ipswich, IP4 1AN or e-mail [email protected]
Nitrogen dioxide is a substance that can decrease lung function and increase the risk of respiratory problems, particularly in children.
Short-term exposure to the substance at peak levels can increase respiratory allergic reactions.
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Lewiston MN Police Jail is a municipal / police jail facility located at 75 Rice Street Clewiston, MN 55952,and servicing Lewiston. Municipal / Police Jail facilities, often known as city jails or town jails, usually hold pre-trial detainees. They are usually the first place a person is taken post-arrest, if the arrest occurs within the municipality or if the city jail is a designated holding place for nearby municipalities. It is not uncommon for a city jail to be the designated holding facility for nearby municipalities, especially in sparsely populated areas. However, upon arrest people may also be transferred to a county jail facility. Therefore, you may need to contact multiple jails to locate an individual immediately after the individual has been arrested. Lewiston MN Police Jail's phone number is 507-523-2534 .Friends and family who are attempting to locate a recently detained loved one can use that number to find out if the person is being held at Lewiston MN Police Jail If you need to send a fax to the facility, you can use their fax number: 507-523-2306.
Generally, municipal jails are pre-trial holding facilities. However, they may also be post-conviction incarceration facilities for people convicted of minor crimes, generally misdemeanors. Usually supervised by a municipal police chief in conjunction with other local government leaders, jails offer a large amount of flexibility for those being detained and a post-conviction environment that is generally smaller and safer than a prison setting. The drawback of a jail setting is that municipal jails usually lack the access to prison programming that one finds in prison settings, so that inmates may be unable to access education, vocational, or addiction programming.
If you have a loved one being detained in Lewiston MN Police Jail, then you need to follow the jail's instructions for inmate phone calls. Lewiston MN Police Jail's website, http://www.lewistonmn.org/CityDepartments/Police.aspx can provide additional information about mailing packages to inmates.
If you have a friend or loved one who is a pre-trial detainee at Lewiston MN Police Jail you probably have many questions about the post-arrest legal process. The reality is that legal professionals are your best resource for answering these questions, because every individual faces different circumstances once arrested. Advice that is helpful for one person could actually be detrimental to another person. This is where bail bond services and criminal defense attorneys become invaluable resources. For example, many pre-trial detainees are eligible for pre-trial release, which an attorney can negotiate and a bail bond service can help you secure. Additionally, while criminal defendants are entitled to state appointed attorneys, this right may not apply if a defendant is only facing misdemeanor charges, even though the consequences of a misdemeanor conviction can still be significant. Consulting with a defense attorney about options is one way to try to ensure that your loved one's rights are protected during his or her interactions with the criminal justice system.
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Brand safety is often thought of as a separate entity to contextual targeting. With advertisers primarily using domain block lists and page level keyword exclusion, is video accurately safeguarded?
It's no secret that safety and suitability is vital to brand strategy. Many consumers perceive unsafe ad placements as an intentional endorsement by brands. A prominent study found that consumers’ willingness to associate with brands whose ads appeared alongside negative content dropped by 280% after viewing the ad, while their purchasing intent dropped by 200%.
Exclusionary ad strategies, whether at the domain or text level, are often limited in scope and accuracy, especially within the dynamic video medium. With the advancements in contextual technology to understand video content and tone, there has never been a better time to run brand safe campaigns.
Programmatically decoupling the video and page level data enables advertisers to more accurately align with optimal content, and and more accurately avoid unsuitable environments. By analyzing verbal and visual signals,
video ad targeting can hone in on mindsets, effectively targeting the inside of the person. Cookie, or identity-based, targeting targets the results in the ad-speaking attributes of a person, targeting the outside of the person.
Video viewership, more than any other medium, can be the key to understanding content affinities. Advertisers can improve their brand safe targeting by first figuring out what content best aligns with the ad, rather than determining what to block. Domain block lists are oftentimes not comprehensive enough when competing with the rapid speed of what’s being published online everyday.
To learn more about how to effectively set up brand safe campaigns with a programmatic advertising strategy, join our JW Player webinar with GumGum.
Not Another Cookie Webinar: Why Contextual Video Matters Today
JW Player for Advertisers
JW Player is the most contextually forward programmatic video solution on the market today. With our unique video data (including contextual and video performance data), we’re able to programmatically decouple video & URL/page level data when targeting a campaign.
This video-level targeting means more contextual accuracy than ever before and allows for more granularity in positive alignment and hyper-relevance. JW Player is also able to ensure brand suitability and safety at the video level.
Read more about our solutions for advertisers here.
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For some people in Norway CBD oil is believed to have a myriad of health benefits. Please note that this oil is extracted directly from the cannabis plant. And in Norway itself it is forbidden to sell cannabis products that… Continue Reading
Have you lost your employment, your business, your pay, or your energy for bringing in cash? It is safe to say that you are feeling tragic, forlorn and non-useful? Do you feel that to depend on an administration hand-out is… Continue Reading
When you co-sign a loan, you essentially promise that you’ll be responsible for the whole thing if the borrower doesn’t pay. In some cases, co-signing is a bad idea, even with creditworthy borrowers. It’s wise to know what you’re getting… Continue Reading
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More than a year and a half since the Philippine port operations’ (land, sea and air) have been restricted and with the hope that international borders would soon open to select travelers and nationalities of different nations, it is but proper that we prepare early and decide when our luggage and backpacks would be put in use in the near future.
For purposes of travel and leisure in international terms, here is a rundown of what Filipinos shall prepare prior to departure, when one’s health condition and resources permit:
1. Ensure Passports are valid.
Visit the Online Passport Application System frequently when passport validity dates are nearing six (6) months before expiration. Nowadays, obtaining a scheduled online appointment thru the online portal of the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA), both for new and renewal applications, have become elusive.
As travel itineraries are on halt and that passports could not be used anyway, it is best to file for the application at the soonest possible time.
2. Be vaccinated. Schedule and secure your World Health Organization (WHO) International Certificate of Vaccination (Yellow Card) from the Bureau of Quarantine.
Authorities declare that vaccination is not mandatory. However, this comes with the caveat that the government highly encourages the public to get vaccinated and be protected against covid-19. While the tenor for vaccination may not be that imposing, it is nevertheless required on some countries for entry. For a hassle-free travel, the best plan is to be vaccinated and obtain the needed certifications as proof, and for presentation at the Bureau of Immigration on varied international control borders.
3. Watch travel vlogs and read travel blogs to plan for long-term itineraries.
Gone are the days for weekend or short-term international travels. With the high cost of mandatory RT-PCR covid tests and availment of quarantine facilities at your own expense once you return to the country, it would be practical to fully utilize the opportunity of being able to travel for leisure.
Itineraries now should be detailed which comes with confirmed accommodations. Coming unannounced to reception areas of hostels are no longer possible these days. Thus, the need for a thorough planning on intended long-term travels.
4. Get acquainted with card and mind video games online
Boredom and stress should be the least of concern on these times of a public health global crisis. And one way to entertain ourselves for long-haul flights and even on moments of lounging is to keep busy with our mobile phones in hand.
Prior to intended flights, we should at least be acquainted for online games within our reach and for immediate control.
Social media platforms could be toxic at times and it would be best to have ready access to online card and mind video games as a means of recreation. One particular readily available online game website that piqued my interest is the solitaire games, with certain varieties being offered for free and not only solitaire per se, it includes a fun collection of online games divided into categories.
5. Coordinate with airline companies for the specific requirements and travel documentations mandated for both departure and arrival.
Regardless of destination, prepare for the following prior to the flight:
a. Valid passport
b. Vaccine card and/or BOQ Yellow Card
c. Travel Insurance with certification on covid-19 coverage
d. Negative pre-departure test result for covid-19 collected during the 3 calendar days preceding the flight’s departure
e. Confirmed hotel bookings/accommodations
f. Confirmed flight itineraries
6. Chill, sit back and relax for the next travel dates.
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SANTA DOMINGO, Dominican Republic, July 25, 2016 (LifeSiteNews) — Dominican legislators delivered a stern rebuff to President Danilo Medina and the Caribbean nation’s feminists by voting 132-6 for a reformed Penal Code that leaves intact the 1884 law criminalizing all abortions.
Eleven feminist organizations rallied against the vote but could muster only a few dozen protesters in front of the National Palace, calling on Medina to veto the restrictions, which include a prison sentence between two to four years for a woman who aborts her child and up to 10 years for health workers.
Fidel Lorenzo, president of the Dominican Evangelical Unity Council representing more than 5,000 Protestant churches, applauded the result, telling
Dominican Today: “It’s a significant step taken by the country. We have a code in keeping with the times after more than 15 years of struggles and defending the culture of protection of life.”
Given that the changes must be still be endorsed by the Senate and ratified by the pro-abortion Medina, a more muted approval came from prominent Catholic spokesman Father Manuel Ruiz. He said that, if the bill passes all of the hurdles, “It would be cause for joy.”
Dominican Today reported that Elias Wessin Chavez, president of the Quisqueyano Christian Democratic Party, said of the vote: “It was a moralizing message of respect for human life, and the Lord sees us with good eyes.”
Abortion is illegal in all cases under the 1884 Penal Code, though its defenders claimed that no one was ever charged or convicted for abortions done strictly to save a woman’s life. Nonetheless, pressure was intense when the legislators elected in 2010 drafted a new Penal Code, from both feminist organizations and foreign non-profits, to insert exemptions for abortions in cases of rape, incest, unborn children with disabilities, and pregnancies that risked the mother’s life.
But Catholic and evangelical churches pushed back and the amendments were removed from the Penal Code draft that was passed in 2014 by Congress. However, Medina refused to ratify the code until Congress put the exemptions back in. Pro-life groups appealed the final result to the constitutional court, which ruled at the end of last year that the exemptions violated the constitutional recognition of the rights of the unborn.
In the latest phase of the standoff, the Senate must now consider whether to vote for a version of the Penal Code that preserves the absolute prohibition on abortion and which Medina is likely to veto, or to amend it to suit Medina and the feminists, which the constitutional court will likely reject. In the meantime, the old code prevails.
The coalition of feminist organizations claim that the status quo means “condemning to death thousands of vulnerable women in the country” by forcing them to get illegal abortions.
Late last week, newspapers in the Dominican capital were full of stories on the discovery of the bodies of six unborn babies ages four to 12 weeks, two boys and four girls, beside Santa Domingo’s San Isidro Highway. The cause of death was listed as unknown.
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Most Americans say they would rather watch a 30-second advertisement in exchange for free content than share their email address with a company, according to recent research from BuzzStream and Fractl.
The report was based on data from a survey conducted in 2020 among 1,001 people in the United States.
Three-quarters of respondents say they'd watch a 30-second ad for free content rather than share their email address. However, 95% of respondents say they'd share their email address rather than their phone number.
Some 52% of respondents say they'd rather receive generic ads from marketers, and 48% say they'd rather receive personalized ads.
Marketing tactics Americans participate in
Most respondents say they have shared something on social media or followed accounts on social media in order to enter a contest.
Most have also given their email in exchange for the results of a quiz and in exchange for content.
: The report was based on data from a survey conducted in 2020 among 1,001 people in the United States. About the research Continue reading "Would People Rather Watch an Ad or Share Their Email Address?" ...
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Want to get an education from the University of Michigan without the exorbitant tuition rates, the pesky attendance requirements and the unaccommodating class schedules? With the launch of the University’s Digital Scribe, a program that could offer course syllabi, lectures, homework and tests free online, in a few years this might be possible for students around the world. But don’t drop out just yet. The website, also known as dScribe, won’t offer the intangibles that a University education does, but it will wisely open University classrooms to the world with large recruiting and accountability benefits for the University.Modeled after the OpenCourseWare program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which was launched in 2002, and designed by the same company as CTools, dScribe will hopefully launch within two to three years. When it does, the website will offer educational resources like lectures, homework and syllabi much like CourseTools does now. Unlike CTools, though, the program will allow anyone who has interest – regardless of whether or not they attend the University – to access the website.
Like the University’s project with Google to digitalize the library, this is another example of the increasing realization that higher education can’t be hoarded away in a stuffy classroom. Education is something that should be shared, not restricted.
By sharing, this technology will be useful to independent learners and University students alike. For curious people not affiliated with the University – whether they are high school students, older people or people in other countries – dScribe will offer a wealth of knowledge. For University students, who may think the program will make sitting through lecture obsolete, the program will offer a better way to get the most of a University education. With lecture video, audio, homework and tests, dScribe promises to be a beefed-up version of CTools that students can turn to if they want to shop around for courses, catch up on missed classes or just discover interesting topics.
The dScribe system will offer more benefits than exposure for the inner workings of a University classroom. If all University professors are encouraged to upload their course content onto the website, the program could act as a motivator for professors to improve their teaching and their fairness. Instead of 20 or 30 college students, the audience becomes thousands of worldwide spectators, who may be able to offer more critical perspectives. This increased access to course information will raise expectations and accountability.
Further, dScribe could be a recruiting tool, providing a glimpse of a University-caliber class to potential students whether they live in Detroit, Seoul or anywhere in between. At MIT this has already proved true, with roughly 40 percent of students claiming that OpenCourseWare “figured significantly” into the decision to attend MIT.
While the project will likely be expensive, considering that MIT’s program cost roughly $24 million to start, the benefits of the program outweigh its costs. While one cannot earn a degree by logging onto a computer and studying French once a day, classroom experience at the University cannot be uploaded either. However, knowledge can and should be.
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Georgian Bay General Hospital (GBGH) has made an important addition to the birthing program through the recruitment of a permanent obstetrician-gynecologist.
Dr. Jan (Chevy) Moreau comes to GBGH from Barrie where he maintained a private medical practice, and provided obstetrical and gynecological services at Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre (RVH), practising there for 27 years and most recently serving as the chief of obstetrics.
Moreau’s desire to bring his vast skills and passion for patient care to GBGH stems from a long family history in the area. Having been born at the old St. Andrew’s hospital in Midland and being raised in Waubaushene, Moreau says he’s looking forward to the opportunity to serve his hometown community.
“I have an immense personal connection to this area through my family and it has fueled my desire to serve my home community as I’ve progressed in my career,” he said.
“Even after growing up and leaving to pursue education and medical practice elsewhere, I’ve always considered myself a proud local of this area.”
Moreau said after much thought and consideration, he decided moving to GBGH provides the perfect opportunity for a change that brings care to his hometown.
“I want to do this for GBGH and for the community it serves,” he added.
Until now, birthing services have been safely provided via midwives and family physicians and with specialized training, as well as surgeons and anesthetists when needed for cesarean sections and epidurals.
Moreau will continue working with the existing interprofessional team while also filling the role of chief of obstetrics at GBGH. In addition to providing obstetrical care, he will offer specialized gynecological care to women in the community, increasing consistent access to this important service.
One of Moreau’s main priorities will be to recruit an additional obstetrician-gynecologist for the program. He will also further develop and grow birthing and women’s health services at GBGH based on the foundation that has been built over the past five years.
“The recruitment of a permanent OB-GYN at GBGH is a significant milestone for the birthing program, which has been growing steadily since being reinvigorated in 2016-2017 through a partnership with Orillia Soldiers’ Memorial Hospital (OSMH),” said Dr. Vikram Ralhan, chief of staff, GBGH.
“It has taken exceptional determination and dedication to grow this service for women in our community, but worth every effort so we can offer this care closer to home.”
Through the OSMH partnership, patients have access to high quality birthing services close to home across a corridor of care stretching between OSMH’s and GBGH’s North Simcoe catchment area. GBGH is a Level 1 centre providing service for low-risk births, while Orillia is a Level 2 centre for higher risk births.
Since the program was re-established in 2016-2017, the number of births has grown considerably from 116 to a forecasted 188 births in 2021-2022 (year ends March 31, 2022).
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Masking, testing, buses: We answer your questions about back to school in NY
New York is several days into what is the first fully in-person school year for most districts since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.
In some ways, this school year is more of a curveball than last year for parents, teachers and school administrators as they navigate vaccination policies and new hurdles, such as bus driver shortages, that cropped up in more serious ways as the pandemic continues to affect daily life.
Throw in last minute guidance from the state Department of Health, which addressed districts’ call for clear direction on masking and social distancing but some left parents reeling over the sudden shift in policy, and you’ve got a recipe for a school year that leaves New York residents with a number of unanswered questions.
We collected a number of these questions in the last few weeks, and got some answers.
Here's what you want to know about students going back to school in New York.
Each school district may have slightly different policies when it comes to COVID-19 precautions and other procedures. Check with your local district for its full reopening guide for the 2021-2022 school year.
Some questions have been edited for clarity.
If a child has anxiety and cannot wear the mask during school for these reasons, will the school waive the mask restrictions?
The overall guidance on masks from the Department of Health is for all students and staff to wear masks indoors during the school day, except when an individual has a medical or developmental condition that would prevent them from wearing a mask, as determined by a medical provider.
Speak to your child’s doctor if you feel your child suffers from a condition that may prevent them from wearing a mask at school.
Will remote learning be available? What about for students that are high-risk or have high-risk family members or who can’t tolerate masks?
Remote learning is not universally available in most districts as schools push to go back to in-person learning.
However, students who have a medical reason not to be in a classroom, such as if they are at high risk for health problems if they get COVID or reside with a family member or other individual who is, may qualify for a medical exemption.
Each district is handling this situation differently. Some are offering a remote academy at a local BOCES location, while others are offering tutoring or synchronous learning over video conferencing platforms.
Bus driver shortage:Call in the National Guard? NY school bus driver shortage spurs call for action How will students be able to keep their distance between classes?
The Department of Health recommends that students be kept three feet apart from each other and six feet from teachers and staff.
Socially distancing should be maximized as much as possible in areas where students are moving around or not wearing masks, such as the food line in the cafeteria and while eating or drinking.
Will rapid, non-invasive tests for kids be made available with school help/in schools, or do parents have to scramble around town each time?
Testing will be available through school districts, either onsite or at a laboratory working with the district — especially for those who show symptoms of COVID or who are asymptomatic but have been exposed to someone who has it.
Schools may also offer testing to those who’ve had no exposure or symptoms, or participate in pooled testing rather than at an individual level.
Testing is done on a voluntary basis, meaning parents must consent before their children can be tested.
Most districts say they are using short tip swabs to administer the test in a child’s nostril, with a results turnaround of between 24 and 72 hours.
More on remote learning:What role will remote learning play in NY this year? Most schools hope slim to none
What are the safety guidelines for bus spacing?
Physical distancing is not mandated on New York school buses, but some districts, like New York City, are saying students will social distance aboard school transportation when possible.
Other districts implemented assigned seating on buses and further cleaning measures throughout the school day.
Masks will be required for all students and staff aboard buses.
Sarah Taddeo is an enterprise reporter for USA Today Network's New York State Team. Got a story tip or comment? Contact Sarah at [email protected] or (585) 258-2774. Follow her on Twitter @Sjtaddeo. This coverage is only possible with support from our readers. Please consider becoming a digital subscriber.
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A net balance of plus 73 per cent of survey respondents reported rising prices, compared to the plus 81 per cent seen in recent months.
This was coupled with agents reporting falls in the number of properties making it to market, with a net balance of plus 37 per cent of those surveyed saying listings had fallen over the last few months. Listing levels have fallen for eight out of the last nine months, resulting in estate agent stock levels dropping close to record lows.
RICS noted that new buyer enquiries fell for the second month in a row as well, with a net balance of negative 14 per cent of respondents saying they saw fewer house hunters, a further decrease from negative nine per cent of respondents in July.
Tarrant Parsons, economist at RICS, said that the latest results inevitably pointed to the market “taking a breather” following the frenzied activity seen ahead of the first Stamp Duty holiday deadline.
He continued: “That said, while momentum has eased relative to an exceptionally strong stretch earlier in the year, there are still many factors likely to drive a solid market going forward.”
Lack of stock means price rises will continue
Tomer Aboody, director of MT Finance, said that while the scale of recent price growth was unsustainable, the fact that there is a reduced amount of housing stock available for sale meant that prices would continue rising, albeit at a slower pace.
Aboody added that the fact that borrowing is still relatively cheap will also boost house prices.
He continued: “The stamp duty holiday incentive has proven to be an overwhelmingly successful trigger in getting the housing market moving. It has increased productivity, providing a certain indication as to where and how the government can encourage future activity by reforming stamp duty levels.”
Renewed activity
Jeremy Leaf, a former residential chairman of RICS and now an estate agent, said that he was seeing demand reducing in part because of the tapering away of the Stamp Duty holiday, but also because many would-be buyers and sellers have been on holiday.
Leaf added: “In the past few weeks, the return to work and school has contributed significantly to renewed market activity. Encouragingly, we have also noticed an increase in valuation appraisals which should help to redress the sharp imbalance between supply and demand as well as further help to keep prices in check.”
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A quick-at-a-glance agricultural look at why Naxos’ land helps make the local cheese & dairy delicious!
A recent conversation with agriculturalist Vaggelis Koukouzis, provided us with some insight on how and why
Naxos is one of Greece’s leading cheese and dairy producers.
“It begins with what the cows and goats eat,” explains Vaggelis. “The livestock on Naxos graze free-range in pastures that enjoy and abundance and variety of aromatic herbs and wild greens, hence the milk they produce simply tastes better,” he says.
Another key factor is the geographical makeup of the island.
According to Vaggelis,
Naxos’ ideal climatic conditions result in fertile soil. Its natural water resources and hours of sunlight also contribute. Important, too, are Naxos’ mountains. Boasting the Cyclades’ tallest, Mt. Zas, the island enjoys the luxury of hosting seeds brought in by the wind.
Vaggelis explains, “the wind brings a myriad of spores from the Attica region (one of Europe’s great sources for herbs) and elsewhere. As they travel over the Cyclades, they hit the mountains here on
Naxos and fall to the ground. The fertile soil, sporadic winter rains and continuous sunlight the remainder of the year, takes care of the rest.”
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"Communities within Bangladesh have been working with nature for many years to adapt to climatic impacts and there is a rich body of knowledge on how to implement Nature-based Solutions."
International Centre for Climate Change and Development (ICCCAD) at the Independent University, Bangladesh and Instituto de Montaña (NBSI Peru) are jointly working with Nature-based Solutions Initiative (NBSI) at the University of Oxford on the ‘Oxford Martin School Rapid Response Grant’ on “Building back better with nature: clarifying the economic recovery potential of nature-based solutions in the Global South”. The goal of the project is to enhance understanding of the short- and long-term economic recovery potential of investments in nature and have this knowledge inform the design of economic, climate, and development policy for the Global South. ICCCAD will contribute to explore the economic recovery potential (ERP) of NbS in Bangladesh. The work of ICCCAD would include gathering evidence, communicate with ‘NbS Bangladesh Network’ for case studies and data collection, and policy advocacy with potential stakeholders – to investigate the ERP of NbS in Bangladesh. The project timeline for ICCCAD is 7 months (June 2021 – December 2021).
For further information on the project and to join the ‘NbS Bangladesh Network’, please write to: [email protected]
If your organizations are working with communities in implementing NbS in the climate vulnerable regions of Bangladesh, please let us know at [email protected] and we will reach out to you with further information.
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Lee residents still too heavy and sick, but improving
Lee County is too fat, sick and stressed. But it doesn't have to be that way.
Those are among the major takeaways from a newly released 227-page report on county health that finds that nearly two out three adults here are overweight or obese. These physical conditions, which also plague about a third of Lee's children, are linked to a long list of diseases and are possibly behind some higher-than-average rates of heart disease and high blood pressure.
And though we've collectively become a little more physically active, these numbers have remained largely unchanged since at least 2007. Meanwhile, reports of chronic depression and "fair/poor" mental health continue to rise.
The issues will be front and center today as representatives of public health and social service agencies meet to discuss the 2014 Community Health Needs Assessment, the first such report for Lee County since 2011. Increasing healthy lifestyles has been the top priority for this Healthy Lee group for the last three years and a major piece of the agenda since the group formed seven years ago.
Chronic disease, such as those caused by obesity and poor nutrition, account for an estimated 75 percent of U.S. medical costs, and about $93 billion in employer insurance claims every year, experts say. And the problem is worsening at a rapid pace: More than 29 million Americans now have diabetes, up from 26 million in 2010, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported this week.
More than 20 percent of adults under 65 in Lee were uninsured as of 2013, a rate that has remained largely unchanged since 2007 and one that may be playing a significant role in the community's poor numbers.
Health experts say obesity and other chronic diseases are likely driven by a number of factors: bad habits, poor education about nutrition, and the fact that unhealthy food tends to be much less expensive than healthier options. Money worries may also drive people to self-medicate with junk food and alcohol, they say.
"The economy in the last couple of years has beaten people down psychologically," said Dr. Salvatore Lacagnina, vice president of health and wellness for Lee Memorial Health System, which operates nearly 95 percent of the hospital beds in Lee. "It's very hard to be physically healthy when you're not mentally healthy."
Now some good news:
While 65 percent of Lee adults are overweight or obese, the percentage of adults who fall into the heavier "obese" category — having a body mass index of 30 or more — dropped to 24.8 percent in 2014 from 29.3 percent in 2011. That was better than the Florida average (25.2 percent) and the U.S. average (29 percent).
"If we can keep pushing more and more people out of the obese category, even to be overweight, it will improve their health," said Sally Jackson, director of government and community relations for Lee Memorial. "We have dropped it 4 and a half percentage points. That's statistically significant."
Also, the percentage of Lee County's children considered overweight or obese has dropped sharply since 2007, from 46.3 percent to 35.9 percent. Just looking at children considered obese, meaning those with body mass indexes in the 95th percentile, the rate has dropped from 31.6 percent to 20.7 percent.
The report recommends that public health officials and the medical community provide more nutrition education, such as making discussions about food and weight during doctor visits more common. It also suggests that cheaper fruits and vegetables, like those at farmers markets, be made more available in low-income communities.
More opportunity for exercise, such as continuing the expansion of hiking and biking trails in Lee, should also be pursued, the report states.
"You know, these are preventable problems," Lacagnina said. "I think we just have to do a better job of teaching people how to live healthy."
Detailed look
The report, prepared for Lee Memorial by the Nebraska-based research firm Professional Research Consultants Inc., offers one of the most detailed looks at the county's overall health. It uses information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and a variety of other public health sources. PRC prepared similar reviews in 2007 and 2011.
A sampling of some of other data:
• Heart disease rates remained unchanged in Lee County between 2007 and 14. About 10 percent of Lee adults have been diagnosed, compared to the U.S. average of 6.1 percent.
• More than 38 percent of Lee adults have been told at some point that their blood pressure was too high, compared to the U.S. average of 34 percent. That has also largely not changed in seven years. The county goal is less than 27 percent.
• Skin cancer is more common in Lee than the rest of Florida as a whole, and is more than twice as common as the national average. About 14 percent have been diagnosed here, compared to 8.3 percent in the rest of Florida and the U.S. rate of 6.7 percent.
• Mammogram screenings for women between the ages of 50 and 74 here are better than the state average, but they fall short of the national rate. About 78.5 percent of these Lee women reported they had been screened in the last two years, compared to the 76.6 percent rate for Florida and the U.S. rate of 83.6 percent.
Health treatment
Gloomy statistics aside, the county's health care landscape has improved in measurable ways since the creation of the Health Lee initiative.
One of the most obvious examples has been the expansion of mental health treatment in Lee County. The Bob Janes Triage Center, a diversion program for people with substance abuse problems facing jail time for minor offenses, was born from the initiative's early discussions.
Park Royal Hospital, the county's only inpatient psychiatric hospital, opened in 2012 after years of work by Healthy Lee partners to bring such a facility here.
The region's largest employers have also started efforts to keep their employees healthier, though much of that may be attributed to the need to reduce insurance costs. They range from simple things, such as substituting treats such as cake and cookies for healthier fare, to more highly involved efforts to get people to change their habits, according to the Healthy Lee group.
The 10,500-employee Lee Memorial Health System, the county's largest job provider, began offering employees and their spouses a chance to participate in a lifestyle modification training program last year. The Complete Health Improvement Program cost participants $300, with the remaining $1,000 covered by insurance. About 100 people have participated so far.
Tom Bronson, 65, of Cape Coral, is married to a health system nurse and joined the program last year. The 5 feet 10 inches tall Bronson, who was pre-diabetic before starting, went from 260 pounds to his current 179 pounds. "I'm a living example that the program works," Bronson said.
Dan Moser of BikeWalkLee, a group trying to improve road safety for bikers and pedestrians, said the county is improving for pedestrians and bicyclists. He pointed to a $10.5 million federal grant announced last fall that helps pay for bike/walking/transit improvements on the Bi-County Connector joining Lee and Collier counties, the University Loop, the Treeline Connector and the Tour de Parks.
But he said some roads are still too unsafe for non-drivers because they were designed in a way that encourages driver speeding. Pedestrian deaths in Lee County remain above the national average.
"The good news is policy and infrastructure are going in the right direction," Moser said. "The bad news is, we as drivers are out of control, and we're making life very difficult on ourselves."
Connect with this reporter: @FrankGluck (Twitter) BY THE NUMBERS
65 Percent of overweight adults in Lee County
35.9 Percent of overweight children in Lee County
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Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk warn of artificial intelligence impact on future war, oppression
KILLER robots are inevitable: It’s a stark warning, but Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk and 1000 other academics and entrepreneurs have made an urgent appeal to do something about it.
KILLER robots are inevitable: It’s a stark warning. But Stephen Hawking, Elon Musk and 1000 other academics and entrepreneurs have made an urgent appeal to the world to do something about it.
“This technological trajectory is obvious: autonomous weapons will become the Kalashnikovs of tomorrow.”
It’s an idea long the subject of science fiction books and film. These scientists say it is now a looming, fearsome reality.
The International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Buenos Aires will today be presented an open letter signed by the eminent scientists and entrepreneurs, appealing for a worldwide and complete ban on autonomous, artificially intelligent weapons.
Worth reading Superintelligence by Bostrom. We need to be super careful with AI. Potentially more dangerous than nukes.â Elon Musk (@elonmusk) August 3, 2014
“Starting a military AI arms race is a bad idea,” the letter reads. “(It) should be prevented by a ban on offensive autonomous weapons beyond meaningful human control.
“Indeed, chemists and biologists have broadly supported international agreements that have successfully prohibited chemical and biological weapons, just as most physicists supported the treaties banning space-based nuclear weapons and blinding laser weapons.”
It’s past time to do the same with artificial intelligence, the letter argues.
It’s an argument Australian AI researcher Professor Toby Walsh has been keen to have heard.
“In the interest of full disclosure, I too have signed this letter.,” he writes in The Conversation. “My view is that almost every technology can be used for good or bad. And AI is no different. We therefore need to make a choice as to which path to follow.”
Swarms of killer machines
The genie may already be out of the bag, with a swathe of semi-autonomous drones already in military service around the world and an explosion of research by organisations such as DARPA into ways of making them more effective and efficient.
Machines such as the semi-autonomous X-47B drone are already capable of operating from an aircraft carrier without the need for a pilot or controller.
Fully self-controlled, decision-making war machines are a logical next step.
This means selecting, targeting and engaging targets without any human intervention.
A report issued just last month by the US Army Research Laboratory predicts “swarms of robots that would act independently or collaboratively as they undertook a variety of missions” by 2050.
It goes on to conclude:
“A time traveller from today would be immediately taken with the “overcrowding” of the battlefield of 2050 populated by all manner of robots, robots that greatly outnumber human fighters, and robot-looking humans. Not immediately apparent to the time traveller, but critical in determining which of the adversaries would possess the decisive edge, would be the capabilities and autonomy possessed by the armies of virtual robots, the “intelligent” programs and processes to (undertake combat, combat-support and cyber operations).”
Such proliferation is terrifying prominent figures such as Noam Chomsky and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak. They have added their voices to those who say now is time to intervene.
“Artificial Intelligence technology has reached a point where the deployment of such systems is — practically if not legally — feasible within years, not decades,” the open letter reads.
Professor Walsh is pragmatic in his view of such a ban: “A ban on offensive autonomous weapons is not going to prevent the technology for such weapons being developed. After all, it would take only a few lines of code to turn an autonomous car into an offensive weapon. But a ban would ensure enough stigma and consequences if breached that we are unlikely to see conventional military forces using them.”
Such regulations would also not stop terrorists and rogue states, he writes, but “they’ll have to develop the technology themselves. They won’t be able to go out and buy any such weapons”.
Mass produced mechanical murderers
“Unlike nuclear weapons, (autonomous machines) require no costly or hard-to-obtain raw materials, so they will become ubiquitous and cheap for all significant military powers to mass-produce,” the open letter says.
“ It will only be a matter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators wishing to better control their populace, warlords wishing to perpetrate ethnic cleansing …”
The letter goes on to warn that small armed drones could become the weapon of choice for assassination, terrorism and government oppression.
All it would take to achieve such a weapon is a smartphone-style processor, cameras and a gun mounted on a beefed up versions of the quadcopters now commercially available.
More professional versions would differ mainly in being much smaller.
The only thing preventing this from happening is the availability of artificial intelligence software which would combine combined facial recognition programs with a list of targets, while swiftly and effectively conducting a methodical search.
Such software is getting ever closer. The components already exist.
“With 1 gram of high-explosive charge, you can blow a hole in someone’s head with an insect-size robot,” artificial intelligence researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, Stuart Russell wrote in the journal Nature earlier this year. “Is this the world we want to create? I don’t want to live in that world.”
Professor Walsh echoes this sentiment: “We can get it right at this early stage, or we can stand idly by and witness the birth of a new era of warfare. Frankly, that’s not something many scientists in this field want to see.”
Appeal to intervene
The open letter is a move by The Future of Life Institute, an organisation “working to mitigate existential risks facing humanity”. It is using a $10 million fund donated by Elon Musk to fund projects intended to rein-in the development and application of artificial intelligence and find ways of ensuring such technology is used for “positive” purposes.
Professor Walsh emphasises this point: “Artificial intelligence is a technology that can be used to help tackle many of the pressing problems facing society today: inequality and poverty; the rising cost of health care; the impact of global warming, and many others. But it can also be used to inflict unnecessary harm.”
“Many arguments have been made for and against autonomous weapons, for example that replacing human soldiers by machines is good by reducing casualties for the owner but bad by thereby lowering the threshold for going to battle,” the open letter reads.
“The key question for humanity today is whether to start a global AI arms race or to prevent it from starting.”
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flotation reagents
This data on chemicals, and mixtures of chemicals, commonly known as reagents, is presented for the purpose of acquainting those interested in frothflotation with some of the more common reagents and their various uses.
Flotation as a concentration process has been extensively used for a number of years. However, little is known of it as an exact science, although, various investigators have been and are doing much to place it on a more scientific basis. This, of course, is a very difficult undertaking when one appreciates how ore deposits were formed and the vast number of mineral combinations existing in nature. Experience obtained from examining and testing ores from all over the world indicates that no two ores are exactly alike. Consequently, aside from a few fundamental principles regarding flotation and the use of reagents, it is generally agreed each ore must be considered a problem for the metallurgist to solve before any attempt is made to go ahead with the selection and design of a flotation plant.
Flotation reagents may be roughly classified, according to their function, into the following groups: Frothers, Promoters, Depressants, Activators, Sulphidizers, Regulators. The order of these groups is no indication of their relative importance; and it is common for some reagents to fall into more than one group.
The function of frothers in flotation is that of building the froth which serves as the buoyant medium in the separation of the floatable from the non-floatable minerals. Frothers accomplish this by lowering the surface tension of the liquid which in turn permits air rising through the pulp to accumulate at the surface in bubble form.
The character of the froth can be controlled by the type of frother. Brittle froths, those which break down readily, are obtained by the alcohol frothers. Frothers such as the coal tar creosotes produce a tough bubble which may be desirable for certain separations.
Flotation machine aeration also determines to a certain extent the character of the froth. Finely divided air bubbles thoroughly diffused through the pulp are much more effective than when the same volume of air is in larger bubbles.
In practice the most widely used frothers are pine oil and cresylic acid, although, some of the higher alcohols are gradually gaining favor because of their uniformity and low price. The frothers used depends somewhat upon the location. For instance, in Australia eucalyptus oil is commonly usedbecause an abundant supply is available from the tree native to that country.
Frothers are usually added to the pulp just before its entrance into the flotation machine. The quantity of frother varies with the nature of the ore and the purity of the water. In general from .05 to .20 lbs. per ton of ore are required. Some frothers are more effective if added in small amounts at various points in the flotation machine circuit.
Overdoses of frother should be avoided. Up to a certain point increasing the amount of frother will gradually increase the froth produced. Beyond this, however, further increases will actually decrease the amount of froth until none at all is produced. Finally, as the excess works out of the system the froth runs wild and this is a nuisance until corrected.
Not enough frother causes too fragile a froth which has a tendency to break and drop the mineral load. No bare spots should appear at the cell surface, and pulp level should not be too close to the overflow lip, at least in the cells from which the final cleaned concentrate is removed.
A good flotation frother must be cheap and easily obtainable. It must not ionize to any appreciable extent. It must be an organic substance. Chemically a frother consists of molecules containing two groups having opposite properties. One part of the molecule must be polar in order to attract water while the other part must be non-polar to repel water. The polar group in the molecule preferably should contain oxygen in the form of hydroxyl (OH), carboxyl (COOH), carbonyl (CO); or nitrogen in the amine (NH2) or the nitrile form. All of these characteristics are possessed by certain wood oils such as pine oil and eucalyptus oil, by certain of the higher alcohols, and by cresylic acid.
The function of promoters in flotation is to increase the floatability of minerals in order to effect their separation from the undesirable mineral fraction, commonly known as gangue. Actuallywhat happens is that the inherent difference in wettability among minerals is increased and as a result the floatability of the more non-wettable minerals is increased to the point where they have an attraction for the air bubbles rising to the surface of the pulp.In practical operation the function of promoters may be considered two-fold: namely, to collect and select. Certain of the xanthates, for instance, possess both collective and selective powers to a high degree, and it is reagents such as these that have made possible some of the more difficult separations. In bulk flotation all of the sulphide minerals are collected and floated off together while the gangue remains unaffected and is rejected as tailing. Non- selective promoters serve very well for this purpose. Selective or differential flotation, on the other hand, calls for promoters which are highly selective or whose collecting power may be modified by change in pulp pH (alkalinity or acidity), or some other physical or chemical condition.
The common promoters for metallic flotation are xanthates, aerofloats, minerec, and thiocarbanilide. Soaps, fatty acids, and amines are commonly used for non-metallic minerals such as fluorspar, phosphate, quartz, felpsar, etc.
Promoters are generally added to the conditioner ahead of flotation to provide the time interval required for reaction with the pulp. Some promoters are slower in their action and in such case are added directly to the grinding circuit. Promoters which are fast acting or have some frothing ability are at times added directly to the flotation machine, as required, usually at several points. This practice is commonly known as stage addition of reagents.
The quantity of promoter depends on the character and amount of mineral to be floated, and in general for sulphide or metallic minerals .01 to .20 lbs. per ton of ore are required. Flotation of metallic oxides and non-metallic minerals usually require larger quantities of promoter, and in the case of fatty acids the range is from 0.5 to 2.5 lbs. per ton.
The function of depressants is to prevent, temporarily, or sometimes permanently, the flotation of certain minerals without preventing the desired mineral from being readily floated. Depressants are sometimes referred to as inhibitors.
Lime, sodium sulphite, cyanide, and dichromate are among the best known common depressants. Among organic depressants, starch and glue find widest application. If added in sufficient quantity starch will often depress all the minerals present in an ore pulp. Among the inorganic depressants, lime is the cheapest and best for iron sulphides, while zinc sulphate, sodium cyanide, and sodium sulphite depress zinc sulphide. Sodium silicate, quebracho, and also cyanide are commondepressants in non-metallic flotation.
Depressants are generally added to the grinding circuit or conditioner usually before addition of promoting and frothing reagents. They may also be added direct to the flotation cleaner circuit particularly on complex ores when it is difficult to make a clean cut separation or where considerable gangue may be carried over mechanically into the cleaning circuit as in flotation of fluorspar. Quantity of depressants required depends on the nature of the ore treated and should be determined by actual test. For instance, lime required to depress pyrite may vary from 1 to 10 lbs. a ton.
The function of activators is to render floatable those minerals which normally do not respond to the action of promoters. Activators also serve to render floatable again minerals which have been temporarily depressed in selective flotation. Sphalerite depressed with cyanide and zinc sulphate can be activated with copper sulphate and it will then respond to treatment like a normal sulphide. Stibnite, the antimony sulphide mineral, responds much better to flotation after being activated with lead nitrate.
The theory generally accepted on activation is that the activating substance, generally a metallic salt, reacts with the mineral surface to form on it a new surface more favorable to the action of a promoter. This also applies to non-metallic minerals.
Activators are usually added to the conditioner ahead of flotation and in general the time of contact should be carefully determined. Amounts required will vary with the condition of the ore treated. In the case of zinc ore previously depressed with zinc sulphate and cyanide, from 0.5 to 2.0 of copper sulphate may be required for complete activation. Quantities required should always be determined by test.
The most widely used sulphidizer is sodium sulphide, which is commonly used in the flotation of lead carbonate ores and also slightly tarnished sulphides such as pyrite and galena. In the sulphidization of ores containing precious metals careful control must be exercised as in some instances sodium sulphide has been known to havea depressing effect on flotation of metallics. In such cases it is advisable to remove the precious metals ahead of the sulphidization step.
Sulphidizers are usually fed into the conditioner just ahead of the flotation circuit. The quantity required varies with the characteristics of the ore and may range from .5 to 5 lbs. per ton. Conditioning time should be carefully determined and an excess of sulphidizing reagent avoided.
The function of regulators is to modify the alkalinity or acidity in flotation circuits, which is commonly measured in terms of hydrogen ion concentration, or pH. Modifying the pH of a pulp has a pronounced effect on the action of flotation reagents and is one of the important means of making otherwise difficult separations possible.
Soluble salts may have their source in the ore or water, or both, and in precipitating them out of solution they generally become inert to the action of flotation reagents. Soluble salts have a tendency to combine with promoters thus withdrawing a certain proportion of the reagents from action on the mineral to be floated. Removal of the deleterious salts therefore makes possible a reduction in the amount of reagent, required. Complexing soluble salts by keeping them in solution yet inert to the reagents is in some cases desirable.
Mineral surfaces may vary according to pulp pH conditions as many of the regulators appear either directly or indirectly to have a cleansing effect on the mineral particle. This brings about more effective action on the part of promoters and other reagents, and in turn increases selectivity.
pH control by action of regulators is in some cases very effective in depressing certain minerals. Lime, for instance, will depress pyrite, and sodiumsilicate is excellent for dispersing and preventing quartz from floating. It is necessary, however, to have a definite concentration of the reagents for best results.
The common regulators are lime, soda ash, and sodium silicate for alkaline circuits, and sulphuric acid for acid circuits. Many other reagents are used for this important function. The separation required and character of ore will determine which regulators are best suited. In general, from an operating standpoint, it is preferable to use a neutral or alkaline circuit, but in some instances it is only possible to obtain results in an acid circuit which then will require the use of special equipment to withstand corrosion. Flotation of non-metallic minerals is at times more effective in an acid circuit as in the case of feldspar and quartz. The pulp has to be regulated to a low pH by means of hydrofluoric acid before any degree of selectivity is possible between the two minerals.
Regulators are fed generally to the grinding circuit or to the conditioner ahead of flotation and before addition of promoters and activators. The amounts required will vary with the character of the ore and separation desired. In the event an excessive quantity of regulator is required to obtain the desired pH it may be advisable to consider removing the soluble salts by water washing in order to bring reagent cost within reason.
The tables on the following pages have been prepared to present in brief form pertinent information on a few of the more common reagents now beingused in the flotation of metallic and non-metallic minerals. A brief explanation of the headings in the table is as follows:
Usual Method of Feeding: Whether in dry or liquid form. A large number of reagents are available in liquid form and naturally are best handled in wet reagent feeders, either full strength or diluted for greater accuracy in feeding. Many dry reagents are best handled in solution form and in such cases common solution strengths are specified in percent under this heading. A 10% water solution of a reagent means 10 lbs. of dry reagent dissolved in 90 lbs. of water to make 100 lbs. of solution. Some dry reagents, because of insolubility or other conditions, must be fed dry. This is usually done by belt or cone type feeders designed especially for this service to give accurate and uniform feed rates.
Pasty, viscous, insoluble reagents present a problem in handling and are generally dispersed by intense agitation with water to form emulsions which can then be fed in the usual manner with a wet reagent feederor using a pump.
Price Per Lb.: Prices shown are approximate and in general apply to drum lots and larger quantities F.O.B. factory. This information is very useful whenmaking tests to determine the lowest cost satisfactory reagent combination for a specific ore. Some ores will not justify reagent expenditures beyond a certain limit, and in this case less expensive reagents must be given first consideration.
Uses: General use for each reagent as given is determined from experience by various investigators. Although the Equipment Company uses a large number of these reagents in conducting test work on ores received from all parts of the world, opinion, data, or recommendations contained herein are not necessarily based on our findings, but are data published by companies engaged in the manufacture of those reagents.
The ore testing Laboratory of 911metallurgist, in the selection of reagents for the flotation of various types of ores, uses that combination which gives the best results, irrespective of manufacturer of the reagents. The data presented on the following tables should be useful in selecting reagents for trials and tests, although new uses, new reagents, and new combinations are continually being discovered.
The consumption of flotation reagents is usually designated in lbs. per ton of ore treated. The most common way of determining the amount of reagent being used is to measure or weigh the amount being fed per. unit of time, say one minute. Knowing the amount of ore being treated per unit of time, the amount of reagent may then be converted into pounds per ton.
The tables below will be useful in obtaining reagent feed rates and quantities used per day under varying conditions. The common method of measurement is in cc (cubic centimetres) per minute. The tables are based on one cc of water weighing one gram. A correction therefore will be necessary for liquid reagents weighing more or less than water. Dry reagents may be weighed directly in grams per min. which in the tables is interchangeable with cc per min.
In the table on the opposite page the 100% column refers to undiluted flotation reagents such as lime, soda ash and liquids with a specific gravity of 1.00. Ninety-two per cent is usually used for light pine oils, 27 per cent for a saturated solution of copper sulphate and 14 per cent for TT mixture (thiocarbanilide dissolved in orthotoluidine). The other percentages are for solutions of other frequently used reagents such as xanthates, cyanide, etc.
The action of promoting reagents in increasing the contact-angle at a water/mineral surface implies an increase in the interfacial tension and, therefore, a condition of increased molecularstrain in the layer of water surrounding the particle. If two such mineral particles be brought together, the strain areas enveloping them will coalesce in the reduction of the tensionary system to a minimum. In effect, the particles will be pressed together. Many such contacts normally occur in a pulp before and during flotation, with the result that the floatable minerals of sufficiently high contact-angle are gathered together into flocks consisting of numbers of mineral particles. This action is termed flocculation , and obviously is greatly increased by agitation.
The reverse action, that of deflocculation , takes place when complete wetting occurs, and no appreciable interfacial tension exists. Under these conditions there is nothing to keep two particles of ore in contact should they collide, since no strain area surrounds them ; they therefore remain in individual suspension in the pulp.
Since substances which can be flocculated can usually be floated, and vice versa, the terms flocculated and deflocculated have become more or less synonymous with floatable and unfloatable , and should be understood in this sense, even though particles of ore often become unfloatable in practice while still slightly flocculatedthat is, before the point of actual deflocculation has been reached.
Here is a ListFlotation Reagents & Chemicals prepared to present in brief form pertinent information on a few of the more common reagents now being used in the flotation of metallic and non-metallic minerals. A brief explanation of the headings in the table is as follows:
Usual Method of Feeding: Whether in dry or liquid form. A large number of reagents are available in liquid form and naturally are best handled in wet reagent feeders, either full strength or diluted for greater accuracy in feeding. Many dry reagents are best handled in solution form and in such cases common solution strengths are specified in percent under this heading. A 10% water solution of a reagent means 10 lbs. of dry reagent dissolved in 90 lbs. of water to make 100 lbs. of solution. Some dry reagents, because of insolubility or other conditions, must be fed dry. This is usually done by belt or cone type feeders designed especially for this service to give accurate and uniform feed rates.
Pasty, viscous, insoluble reagents present a problem in handling and are generally dispersed by intense agitation with water to form emulsions which can then be fed in the usual manner with a wet reagent feeder.
The performance of froth flotation cells is affected by changes in unit load, feed quality, flotation reagent dosages, and the cell operating parameters of pulp level and aeration rates. In order to assure that the flotation cells are operating at maximum efficiency, the flotation reagent dosages should be adjusted after every change in feed rate or quality. In some plants, a considerable portion of the operators time is devoted to making these adjustments. In other cases, recoverable coal is lost to the slurry impoundment and flotation reagent is wasted due to operator neglect. Accurate and reliable processing equipment and instrumentation is required to provide the operator with real-time feedback and assist in optimizing froth cell efficiency.
This process of optimizing froth cell efficiency starts with a well-designed flotation reagent delivery system. The flotation reagent pumps should be equipped with variable-speed drives so that the rates can be adjusted easily without having to change the stroke setting. The provision for remotely changing the reagent pump output from the control room assists in optimizing cell performance. The frother delivery line should include a calibration cylinder for easily correlating pump output with the frother delivery rate. Our experience has shown that diaphragm metering pumps of stainless steel construction give reliable, long-term service. Duplex pumps are used to deliver a constant frother-to-collector ratio over the range of plant operating conditions.
In most applications, the flotation reagent addition rate is set by the plant operator. The flotation reagents can be added in a feed-forward fashion based on the plant raw coal tonnage. Automatic feedback control of the flotation reagent addition rates has been lacking due to the unavailability of sensors for determining the quality of the froth cell tailings. Expensive nuclear-based sensors have been tried with limited success. Other control schemes have measured the solids concentrations of the feed, product, and tailings streams and calculated the froth cell yield based on an overall material balance. This method is susceptible to errors due to fluctuations in the feed ash content and inaccuracies in the measurement device.
A series of simple math models have been developed to assist in the engineering analysis of batch lab data taken in a time-recovery fashion. The emphasis is to separate the over-all effect of a reagent or operating condition change into two portions : the potential recovery achievable with the system at long times of flotation, R, and a measure of the rate at which this potential can be achieved, K.
Such patterns in R and K with changing conditions assist the engineer to make logical judgements on plant improvement studies. Standard laboratory procedures usually concentrate on identifying some form of equilibrium recovery in a standard time frame but often overlook the rate profile at which this recovery was achieved. Study has shown that in some plants, at least, changes in the rate, K, are more important relative to over-all plant performance than changes in the lab measured recovery, R. Thus the R-K analysis can serve to improve the engineering understanding of how to use lab data for plant work. Long term plant experience has also shown that picking reagent systems having higher K values associated can be beneficial even when the plant, on the average, is not experiencing rate of mass removal problems. This is due to the cycling or instabilities that can and do exist in industrial circuits.
It is also important to note that the R-K approach does not eliminate the need for surface chemistry principles and characterization. Such principles and knowledge are required to logically select and understand potential reagent systems and conditions of change in flotation. Without this, reagent selection is quickly reduced to a completely Edisonian approach which is obviously inefficient. What the R-K analysis does is to provide additional information on a system in a critical stage of scale-up (from the lab to the plant) in a form (equilibrium recovery and rate of mass removal) which are interpretable to the engineer who has to make the change work.
The influence of operating conditions such as pH, temperature of feed water, degree of grind, air flow rate, degree of agitation, etc. have been characterized using the R-K approach with clear patterns evolving.
The effect of collector type and concentration on a wide variety of ore types have been studied with generally rather clear and sometimes rather significant patterns in R and K. The quantitative ability to analyze collector performance from the lab to the plant using the R-K profiles has been good.
The effect of frother type on various ores has also been undertaken with good success in differentiating between the qualitative directions and effects involved. However, the actual concentrations required in plants have not, in at least some tests, been accurately predicted. Thus further work remains in this area but in almost all cases the qualitative information on frothers that has been gained has proven very valuable in test work as a guide.
dissolved air flotation - an overview | sciencedirect topics
DAF is particularly suited to water supplies with characteristics such as those containing low density particles and those yielding low density particles following chemical coagulation. Supply types include those containing 1) natural color, 2) algae, 3) low turbidity (< 10 NTU) and low TOC, and 4) moderate mineral turbidities (1050 NTU). Those containing color or algae are obvious choices. High quality supplies with low turbidity and TOC are good candidates for DAF treatment compared to direct filtration treatment because DAF clarification provides an additional process for particle and pathogen removal, and compared to sedimentation because high quality source waters produce low density floc difficult to settle without extensive flocculation and often the use of floc aid polymers. DAF performance is also less affected by low temperature compared to sedimentation so supplies in regions that have cold waters are also a good choice for DAF. To generalize, DAF is a good choice for reservoir supplies and should be considered for river supplies that fit the water quality types described.
DAF has several advantages. It is more efficient than settling in removing low density particles, even at the much higher hydraulic loadings compare 5 to 40 m h1 for DAF to 0.5 to 1 m h1 for conventional settling and 2 to 5 m h1 for high rate settling with plates and tubes The greater removal of particles (turbidity) by DAF versus settling means lower particle loading to filters is consequently found, which means granular media filters can be designed at higher rates or longer filter runs (higher water production) are achieved. It is common to find DAF effluent turbidities < 1 NTU and lower than 0.3 NTU when coagulation is optimum. The overall footprint for DAF plants can be small: smaller floc tanks because of shorter flocculation pretreatment time, smaller DAF tank areas compared to sedimentation tanks, and smaller filter area if designed at higher rates as explained above. DAF tanks that accumulate floated sludge and remove by scrapping with flight paddle or brush systems produce sludge with higher solids content (15%) than settled sludges, reducing sludge treatment.
In dissolved air flotation (DAF), bubbles are produced when the dissolution of air in water occurs under very high pressure. In this method, bubbles diameter typically ranges between 10 and 100m (Chen et al., 2011; Naghdi and Schenk, 2016). Some of the factors that influence the efficiency of this technique include bubbles size, saturator pressure, pH, hydraulic retention time, and recycle flow (Fuad et al., 2018). To promote aggregates formation and an increase in microalgal particles size (and thus improve the efficiency of the process), it is possible to use collectors (Pragya et al., 2013). This method is more effective than dispersed air flotation because the bubbles produced are smaller than those produced in dispersed air flotation. However, this method is more expensive, mainly because it requires pressurized air (Laamanen et al., 2016). Besson and Guiraud (2013) reported an efficiency of 90% when harvesting D. salina using DAF with sodium hydroxide (0.11M) as a surfactant. Zhang et al. (2014) harvested Chlorella zofingiensis using DAF and tested several surfactants at different concentrations. In this study, REs of 81%, 86%, 91%, and 87% were obtained when using as collectors chitosan (70mgg1), Al3+ (180mgg1), Fe3+ (250mgg1), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 500mgg1), respectively. Zhang et al. (2016) used DAF for 10min to harvest Nannochloropsis sp. and tested different concentrations of the surfactant magnesium, obtaining a flotation efficiency of 92% without extra addition of the surfactant, since this microalga was from marine water and presented a high concentration of this cation (1330mgL1) in the beginning of the experiment. The authors also harvested S. dimorphus, a freshwater microalga, that grows in a culture medium with low magnesium concentration (45.6mgL1), and obtained a flotation efficiency of 85%. Wiley et al. (2009), with the goal of comparing DAF and suspended air flotation, harvested a mixed culture (mainly composed by Chlorella and Scenedesmus) using DAF on batch mode, and reported an RE of 84.9% and an energy consumption of 0.76WhL1. Xia et al. (2017) used a combination of 40mgg1 of Al3+ as coagulant and 60mgg1 of CTAB as a collector to harvest Chlorella sp. XJ-445 through DAF. The experiment was carried out in batch mode for 15min with a gas flow rate of 50mLmin1, achieving an RE of 98.7%.
In addition to the conventional DAF process, there is a modified version of this process, called PosiDAF. In this process, bubbles produced are positively charged, due to the addition of chemicals in the saturator. The chemicals used in the saturator can be surfactants, coagulants, or polymers that have a hydrophobic and hydrophilic part, to promote the bonding between cells and bubbles (Fuad et al., 2018).
Dissolved air flotation operates on the principal of the transfer of floc to the surface of water through attachment of air bubbles to the floc. The floc accumulated on the surface, known as the float, is skimmed off as sludge (Section 7.19). The clarified water is removed from the bottom and is sometimes called the subnatant or floated water. Since rain, snow, wind, freezing could cause problems with the float, flotation tanks must be fully enclosed in a building; some users enclose the flocculation tanks as well. The process is particularly suited to treatment of eutrophic, stored lowland or otherwise algae laden waters and soft, low alkalinity upland coloured waters (Longhurst, 1987; Rees, 1979). Like all clarification processes flotation performance depends on the effectiveness of coagulation and flocculation. Polyelectrolyte dosing is often included to compensate for reduced performance at low water temperature or if the floc is fragile. Although the process has been successfully used for some directly abstracted waters other clarification methods tend to be more suitable for treatment of such waters especially when the turbidity consistently exceeds about 100 NTU (Gregory, 1999). Table 7.4 shows some typical results when treating algal laden waters.
There is, however, some experience with eutrophic waters with very high counts of algae where dissolved air flotation has not been successful, so that caution is necessary when choosing the process. It should be noted that sedimentation can achieve degrees of removal comparable to flotation, if algae are first inactivated by chlorination. This would however result in the formation of DPBs by the action of chlorine on algal metabolic products.
Flotation is preceded by a flocculation stage of the hydraulic or mechanical type usually dedicated to each flotation cell. The flocculation tank should have at least two compartments in series (Section 7.12). Flotation is normally carried out in rectangular tanks designed with surface loading rates between 812 m3/h.m2 but rates as low as 5 m3/h.m2 or as high as 1520 m3/h.m2 have been used on some plants (Pfeifer, 1997; Nickols, 1997). With such high rates there is a risk of air entrainment in the clarified water causing problems such as negative head due to air binding in downstream filtration processes (Section 8.2). This can be overcome by installing lamellas in the clarified water section as in DAFRapide. The use of the lamellas enhances the physical separation air bubbles (Edzwald, 2007). A similar effect can be achieved by minimising the high velocity that can cause bubble entrainment at the DAF outlet.
In flotation the solids loading can vary in the range 415 kg dry solids/h.m2. Typical tank depth is 23 m and the preferred length:width ratio is 1.332.5:1 with lengths up to 15 m using end-feed of air or 20 m with centre-feed of air. Width is limited to about 6 m for scarped tanks. The retention time in the flotation tank is between 1020 minutes. The velocity in the subnatent opening should not exceed 0.05 m/s. The flow over the clarified water discharge weir should be less than 100 m3/h per m of weir length.
For effective flotation the quantity of air required is about 610 g/m3 or 46 l/m3 of water treated and requires a recycle flow rate of about 615% (typically 810%) depending on temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration of the incoming water (Edzwald, 1992).. The recycle flow should be included in the flow used for the computation of the rates for the flotation unit and downstream filters. Recycle water should preferably be filtered water. Clarified water if used should be strained to prevent recycle nozzle blockage. Oil-free compressors are preferred but not essential for the air supply. Air is dissolved in recycle water under pressure either in pressure vessels equipped with an eductor on the inlet side for adding air or in a packed column; the operating pressures of the two respective saturator systems are 67 bar and 3.56 bar. In packed columns a packing depth of 0.8 to 1.2 m of 2537.5 mm Pall or Rashig rings of polypropylene (unsuitable for chlorinated water) or PVDF are used. The hydraulic loading rate of the air dissolving units lies in the range 5090 m3/h.m2. Saturator efficiency for packed column type is about 9095% whilst that for unpacked type is about 6575% (Amato, 1997). Saturator efficiency is 100 times the amount of air measured in the recycle water divided by the amount of air that could be dissolved theoretically. Air saturated water is returned to the flotation tank through a series of nozzles or needle valves to give a sudden reduction in pressure and release of air bubbles in a white water curtain. Typically bubble size ranges from 10 to 100 m with a mean diameter of 40 m (Zabel, 1984). The outlets are usually spaced at 0.30.6 m for needle valves and 0.1 to 0.3 m for nozzles (Dhalquist, 1997). A typical nozzle density is about 10 per m2 provided in 2 or 3 manifolds which could be isolated independently to facilitate greater turndown of recycle flow without loss of pressure. The contact time in the riser section should be about 100120 seconds.
In plants where there is a need for raw water ozonation and flotation, the two processes could be combined with air in the flotation process being replaced by an ozoneair or ozoneoxygen mixture (Boisdon, 1994).
High rate flotation processes are finding application as they require smaller footprint. These include proprietary designs DAFRapide (see above) AquaDAF (Plate 12(a)) and Clari-DAF. AquaDAF comprises a pre-fabricated perforated false floor with distribution of holes of different sizes across the floor, designed for uniform withdrawal of flow over the whole area of the tank which is said also to maintain a deeper bubble blanket throughout the float area. The holes are also thought to act as bubble collectors and allow for bubble coalescence preventing carry over to the filters. The combination of these effects is believed to provide performance comparable to conventional flotation (where clarified water is collected at one end and the bubble blanket is concentrated at the inlet end and grows shallower along the length of the tank) but at much higher rates. The surface loading rates are between 2550 m3/h.m2. The width of the tank is greater than the length in the ratio 1.52:1 and the depth is about 4 m. The other design parameters (such as flocculation requirements, bubble size, recycle ratio and air dose) are similar to conventional flotation. Clari-DAF tank geometry is similar to conventional flotation design, but deeper and clarified water is removed through a pipe lateral system located on the floor of the tank. The surface loading rates up to 50 m3/h.m2 are claimed.
Since the clarified water is taken from the bottom of the tank in the flotation process it could be combined with rapid gravity filtration in the same tank with the filtration section placed underneath (DAFF) e.g. Flofilter. Therefore the surface loading rates of the two processes need to be the same and should include the recycle flow. COCO DAFF (counter-current dissolved air flotation filtration) is an innovative combined flotationfiltration design in which air and water flow counter-current as against co-current in the conventional dissolved air flotation process (Fig. 7.6 and Plate 12(b)). Air is introduced with recycle water across the total tank sectional area below the flotation zone and therefore only the filter surface loading rate should include the recycle flow. COCO DAFF gives more efficient particlebubble interaction, and therefore increase in turbidity during desludging is minimized. (Officer, 2001) The process combines flotation and gravity filtration in one tank and uses a group of flocculation tanks common to all of the flotation cells. Flocculation is usually hydraulic and continues within the bubble blanket. Since the recycle flow is dissipated into the clarified water and not to the flocculated water as in conventional DAF, floc damage is minimized. The process requires far fewer recycle nozzles.
The flotation process is suitable for stop/start operation and has a flow turndown of about 2:1 or greater depending on the design of aeration manifolds. The former is one of its advantages when dealing with a water subject to high algal loadings; a plant can be switched in as and when needed and will give a steady quality treated water within 45 minutes (Rees, 1979). Apart from the drawbacks common to all high rate clarifiers, the flotation process has high energy requirements (about 0.050.075 kWh/m3 of water treated).
In the dissolved-air flotation system, a liquid stream saturated with pressurized air is added to the dissolved-air flotation unit where it is mixed with the incoming feed. As the pressure returns to the atmosphere, the dissolved air comes out of the liquid forming fine bubbles bringing fine particles with them. These rise to the surface and are then removed by a skimmer.
The production of fine air bubbles in the dissolved-air flotation process is based on the higher solubility of air in water as pressure increases. Saturation at pressures higher than atmospheric and flotation under atmospheric conditions was examined and used for algae separation [59]. It was suggested that algae separation by dissolved-air flotation should be operated in conjunction with chemical flocculation [25,60]. The clarified effluent quality depends on operational parameters such as recycling rate, air tank pressure, hydraulic retention time, and particle floating rate [25,59], while slurry concentration depends on the skimmer speed and its overboard above the water surface [19].
Algae pond effluent containing a wide range of algae species may be clarified successfully by dissolved-air flotation achieving thickened slurry up to 6%. The solids concentration of harvested slurry could be further increased by a downstream second-stage flotation [18,19,25,61]. High reliability of dissolved-air flotation algae separation can be achieved after optimal operating parameters have been ascertained. Autoflotation of algae by photosynthetically produced dissolved oxygen (DO) following flocculation with alum or C-31 polymer was examined [62]. Algae removal of 80%90% along with skimmed algal concentrations averaging >6% solids was achieved at liquid overflow rates of up to 2m/h. It was reported that the autoflotation was subject to dissolved oxygen concentration. No autoflotation was observed below 16mg DO/L.
The dissolved air flotation process takes advantage of the principles described above. Figure 7-104 presents a diagram of a DAF system, complete with chemical coagulation and sludge handling equipment. As shown in Figure 7-104, raw (or pretreated) wastewater receives a dose of a chemical coagulant (metal salt, for instance) and then proceeds to a coagulation-flocculation tank. After coagulation of the target substances, the mixture is conveyed to the flotation tank, where it is released in the presence of recycled effluent that has just been saturated with air under several atmospheres of pressure in the pressurization system shown. An anionic polymer (coagulant aid) is injected into the coagulated wastewater just as it enters the flotation tank.
The recycled effluent is saturated with air under pressure as follows: a suitable centrifugal pump forces a portion of the treated effluent into a pressure holding tank. A valve at the outlet from the pressure holding tank regulates the pressure in the tank, the flow rate through the tank, and the retention time in the tank, simultaneously. An air compressor maintains an appropriate flow of air into the pressure holding tank. Under the pressure in the tank, air from the compressor is diffused into the water to a concentration higher than its saturation value under normal atmospheric pressure. In other words, about 24 ppm of air (nitrogen plus oxygen) can be dissolved in water under normal atmospheric pressure (14.7 psig). At a pressure of six atmospheres, for instance (6 14.7 = about 90 psig), Henry's law would predict that about 6 23, or about 130 ppm, of air can be diffused into the water. In practice, dissolution of air into the water in the pressurized holding tank is less than 100% efficient, and a correction factor, f, which varies between 0.5 and 0.8, is used to calculate the actual concentration.
After being held in the pressure holding tank in the presence of pressurized air, the recycled effluent is released at the bottom of the flotation tank, in close proximity to where the coagulated wastewater is being released. The pressure to which the recycled effluent is subjected has now been reduced to one atmosphere, plus the pressure caused by the depth of water in the flotation tank. Here, the solubility of the air is less, by a factor of slightly less than the number of atmospheres of pressure in the pressurization system, but the quantity of water available for the air to diffuse into has increased by the volume of the recycle stream.
Practically, however, the wastewater will already be saturated with respect to nitrogen, but may have no oxygen, because of biological activity. Therefore, the solubility of air at the bottom of the flotation tank will be about 25 ppm, and the excess air from the pressurized, recycled effluent will precipitate from solution. As this air precipitates in the form of tiny, almost microscopic, bubbles, the bubbles attach to the coagulated solids. The presence of the anionic polymer (coagulant aid), plus the continued action of the coagulant, causes the building of larger solid conglomerates, entrapping many of the adsorbed air bubbles. The net effect is that the solids are floated to the surface of the flotation tank, where they can be collected by some means and thus be removed from the wastewater.
Some DAF systems do not have a pressurized recycle system, but, rather, the entire forward flow on its way to the flotation tank is pressurized. This type of DAF is referred to as direct pressurization and is not widely used for treatment of industrial wastewaters because of undesirable shearing of chemical flocs by the pump and valve.
The effects of powdered activated carbon on the performance of a dissolved air flotation unit were investigated [4]. Refinery wastewater of different pollutant concentrations was treated and the effects of different operating parameters on the removal efficiency of pollutants in terms of biological oxygen demand (BOD) and COD were studied.
It was found that for doses of activated carbon in the range of 50150mg L1, the removal efficiencies for BOD increased from 2770% to 7694%, while those for COD increased from 1664% to 7292.5% for inlet values of 4595mg L1 and 110200mg L1 for BOD and COD, respectively [4].
Heavier than water particles can also be made to float. Dissolved air flotation, the most common approach, works by attaching small bubbles of air to suspended solids. The bubbles are generated by saturating a recycled stream of water with air under pressure, then releasing the pressure rapidly to produce clouds of microbubbles. Attaching the bubbles to the solids requires a reduction in charge of the particles and the production of hydrophobic spots on the surface of the solids via chemical/physical pretreatment.
A first-principles design would involve predicting how much air per kg of water could be dissolved in water at a given temperature and pressure using Henrys law, then working out the required recycle water flowrate based upon an amount of air per incoming solids load. It is this second factor which cannot be determined from first principles. It can be measured experimentally, or more commonly estimated based on experience.
Dissolved air is the most common type of flotation gas used in potable water treatment. The dissolved air flotation (DAF) process mixes a clarified stream from the outlet of the unit with air at 39bar, to produce a supersaturated (compared with saturation at atmospheric pressure) solution of air in water. This is rapidly depressurized at the inlet of the unit to produce a mass of microbubbles which attach to the solids present, floating them to the surface.
Its 15-min HRT and 15m/h surface loading to give 95% solids removal makes DAF a compact alternative to settlement tanks for drinking water treatment, favored by many designers since the 1980s for treatment of upland waters and more recently for algae removal. Generally the higher the feed solids, the higher the %removal as the effluent quality is substantially constant.
More recently, high-intensity DAF has been used to pretreat seawater to protect against algal blooms prior to its desalination for drinking or industrial water. In this application, surface loadings of 50m/h are common as the algal cells have densities close to or lower than seawater.
An additional advantage of DAF is that it yields sludge at maybe 5% dry solids content as opposed to approximately 1% dry solids from a settlement tank, which means that sludge pumping and dewatering are cheaper. 5% sludge may however be hard to remove and operators may feel they need hosepipes running to wash it away! Consequently, for new build it is sometimes thought better to use hydraulic desludging (also known as flooding) and use a separate thickener, which also overcomes some problems with level control. It does however remove a key benefit of DAF.
Designers should bear in mind that it is important to mix the DAF sludge well with any thinner sludges which are being cotreated prior to subsequent sludge treatment. A suitable mixed buffer tank is recommended to avoid problems caused by variable sludge solids content on downstream processes and for degassing DAF sludge.
In low-rate drinking water treatment duties, around 9g air per m3 of recirculated water are required. A rough rule of thumb is that the air compressor should deliver a volumetric flow of air (measured at atmospheric conditions) equivalent to 25% of recycle water flow rate. The recycle water flow rate should be at least 10% of the unit throughput. An HRT of at least 15min is required, and a surface loading of 15m/h.
For high-rate DAF, sludge treatment, and industrial applications, required recycle rates may be several hundred percent of the throughput. Air solubility in water is temperature-dependent, which may also be a factor in selecting a DAF process, since sludges and industrial effluents may be warm, as may seawater used by those countries which desalinate for drinking water treatment.
Many methods have been reported for the dewatering and harvesting of microalgae, such as, filtration, centrifugation, dissolved air flotation, electro floatation and flocculation (bio flocculation, chemical flocculation and pH induced flocculation) (Milledge and Heaven 2013), but no dewatering technology has actually been tested for non-destructive milking. Therefore, for the milking process, the dewatering and harvesting technologies were screened based on the biological characteristics of B. braunii (forming large colonies and self-floating ability). The following parameters were used as the screening criteria for selecting the potentially suitable methods for non-destructive dewatering and harvesting.
Centrifugation is considered as the more effective dewatering method for most of the microalgal species than filtration due to very low cell size causing difficulties for filtration (Molina Grima et al. 2003). However, for microalgal species with larger cell size, filtration is a more suitable method (Milledge and Heaven 2013). Due to the colonial structure of B. braunii, filtration may be the more suitable option for B. braunii dewatering used in milking process. However, filtration technologies involving high pressure or vacuum may destruct the algal colonies.
Due to low operational cost, flocculation is considered as one of the most accepted methods for conventional microalgae dewatering. However, this method may not be a suitable for B. braunii dewatering when the aim is not to damage the cells. Flocculation involves the external chemicals (chemical flocculation) or the bio-organisms (bio flocculation) to induce the flocculation (Milledge and Heaven 2013). The contact of chemicals with the B. braunii will harm the cell viability and no or incomplete separation of these chemicals from the culture after harvesting will lead to accumulation of them in the recycled media. Similarly, bio flocculation will lead to bio contamination in the culture which is not favourable for the process. Adjustment of pH of the culture also causes flocculation (pH induced flocculation), however, it is an unreliable method and can cause algal death (Milledge and Heaven 2013). Moreover, as the average particle size of B. braunii (due to colonies) is higher than other algal species, flocculation is not necessarily required.
Dissolved air flotation is also usually combined with chemical flocculation and is one of the most energy consuming methods of harvesting, so, it has not been considered here. Again, the ability of at least some strains of B. braunii in self-floating eliminates the requirement of the air flotation step. Also, the technologies reported in the literature with very high energy consumption such as, decanter bowl centrifuge (energy consumption of 8 KWh/m3) or poor reliability such as, hydro cyclones (Molina Grima et al. 2003) are not considered in this analysis. The technologies considered for dewatering of B. braunii for milking process in this study, the input assumptions of final concentration achieved after harvesting, and the energy consumption for these technologies are shown in Table1.
flotation foam for boats (types, benefits, recommendations)
Flotation foam is an important but often overlooked component for boat prep. It serves multiple purposes that boat owners often dont consider but it could cost you in the long run. But many boaters only know that flotation foams exists but dont know what its used for and how it can benefit them to have some foam in their boat.
What are the benefits of flotation foam for boats? Flotation foam will provide more-permanent flotation for boats and docks, provide thermal insulation which is important for use in hot and cold extreme that comes with year-round boat care, and for sound deadening. Flotation foam is typically applied to boat hulls either through open or closed-cell mats and blocks or through special marine pour foam which forms a mechanical seal with the hull of boats. Each of these methods has its purposed and benefits for why they should be considered.
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Flotation foam is any type of foam designed or repurposed for use in marine vessels and docks for the purpose of flotation enhancement, thermal insulation, and for sound deadening. You can find specially designed boat flotation options in the form of pourable foam, closed-cell foam mats or blocks, and even boat foam pods that attach to the outside of the boat and rest in the water.
These all serve a purpose and are great options. People also repurpose foam they have for other non-marine projects such as hollow or solid-core swimming noodles and Styrofoam to provide added flotation and sound deadening for their vessels.
I prefer pourable foam because it can form a mechanical bond with aluminum hulls that hold it in place and closed-cell foam sheets because the closed-cell foam is waterproof and wont absorb water as long as it remains in good condition.
I believe a combination of pourable foam and closed-cell foam sheets is the ideal fit for most boats. That is my personal preference based on what Ive seen using some other foam types as time and use passes. I will explain later how to combine these two types of foam for your boat.
To an extent, adding foam to a boat will help it float but perhaps in a way different than many people assume. The common train of thought is that a boat filled with flotation foam will float better than a boat without foam. There may be a shred of truth to that and perhaps more scientific justification than Im giving it credit for.
Foam on board may help a boat sit a smidge higher in the water than one without it, but that is not the purpose of the foam as a flotation device. The foam is there to literally prevent the boat from sinking.
On the other hand, a boat lined with foam will still take on water and will sit progressively lower and lower on top of the water but it will greatly delay the boat from sinking. It should give you enough time to reach safety, radio for help and wait for rescue, or make it to shore before the boat goes under.
First and foremost, you add foam to keep a boat from sinking. As we have already discussed, whether it helps a boat sit higher in the water is debatable, but the foam can literally prevent a boat already taking on water from going under which can save your gear and potentially your life.
Imagining yourself in a small boat in the ocean that is going down quick would have to be one of the loneliest and scariest feelings. I have worked with commercial fishermen who were in a similar situation and managed to get rescued in time. Having a ton of foam on board could literally save your life.
Polyurethane spray or pour foam seems to be the most popular way to insulate spaces aboard a vessel. Thermal insulation is really important on larger boats, especially those with frozen or cool storage areas.
What may sound like an annoying bump from above the water can really amplify and carry underwater. Any footstep, weight shift, and even rocking in the waves will really make it sound so much louder if you dont add foam. Flotation foam not only prevents a boat from sinking but also really dampens or deadens sound.
You could drop your rod on the deck of a well-foamed hull and fish wont even notice but if you did the same thing without foam, you may need to relocate somewhere else to find non-spooked fish. Trust me, you will really benefit from padding the deck of your small aluminum or wooden boat with flotation foam if you are serious about fishing.
Avoid using polystyrene because it soaks up water. Plus, it can easily absorb petrochemicals such as petroleum and a few types of glue. This makes it very dangerous in case a gas leak occurs near this foam. This foamcan soak up the gas becoming a serious fire hazard.
Polyurethane is the better choice because it does not absorb water or petrochemicals. Another advantage of polyurethane is that it is available in liquid form and when you pour it into an air chamber, it can mold perfectly to the boat.
Polyethylene is another great choice for flotation foam. It works as good as polyurethane but without any of the abrasion risk. Polyethylene can be compressed or even bent to fit curved places while polyurethane is rigid.
I have not tested every flotation foam on the market and neither have most people. I have tested the following two pourable foam options and found them easy to use and implement. I would recommend them but the truth is that most pourable foam option will do fine as long as you follow the directions and apply it very quickly after mixing.
Also, I wont make any recommendations for sheet or block foam because you can simply go to your hardware store for that and it will help to see examples in person to make sure you get sheets that are the right density and thickness.
Flotation foam can be an important addition for sink-proofing, thermal insulation, and soundproofing such boats as sailboats, jon boats, aluminum v-hull fishing boats, speed boats, canoes, bass boats, and pontoon boats. It can also help keep floating docks riding higher in the water when loaded down with weight.
The closed-cell foam used on boats is designed to remain water-proof under normal circumstances. There have numerous scientific studies showing that closed-cell foam is better resistant to water permeation than closed-cell including a 2007 study by Sun & Zhang.
But numerous accounts of boaters who replaced closed-cell foam after years of wear and tear show that even this type of foam can absorb water once the protective outer layer is compromised by tiny cuts, abrasions, or sun damage. Long story short, closed-cell foam can absorb water if left submerged in water in a confined space for a long duration of time.
Furthermore, if your boat springs a leak, the foam on-board will keep your boat floating much longer than not having foam which will make it a lot more stable as you motor to safety and also afloat long enough to make shore. For a complete breakdown on how to make a jon boat more stable, check out this link.
I am an avid angler and outdoorsman. I grew up fishing for anything that swims but really cut my teeth fishing for trout, chain pickerel, bass, and bullheads in my teenage years. Since then, I've lived across the country and have really taken that passion for fishing to a new level.
Cloudy and overcast conditions make for great pike fishing in mornings and near sunset.Understanding the best time of day in each given season for northern pike fishing can make a huge difference...
I am an avid angler and outdoorsman. I grew up fishing for anything that swims but really cut my teeth fishing for trout, chain pickerel, bass, and bullheads in my teenage years. Since then, I've lived across the country and have really taken that passion for fishing to a new level.
This site is owned and operated by Eric Matechak. FreshwaterFishingAdvice is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. FreshwaterFishingAdvice is compensated for referring traffic and business to these companies.
froth flotation process
The Froth Flotation Process is about taking advantage of the natural hydrophobicity of liberated (well ground) minerals/metals and making/playing on making them hydrophobic (water-repel) individually to carefully separate them from one another and the slurry they are in. For this purpose we use chemicals/reagents:
The froth flotation process was patented by E. L.Sulman, H. F. K. Pickard, and John Ballot in 1906, 19 years after the first cyanide process patents of MacArthur and the Forests. It was the result of the intelligent recognition of a remarkable phenomenon which occurred while they were experimenting with the Cattermole process. This was the beginning. When it became clear that froth flotation could save the extremely fine free mineral in the slime, with a higher recovery than even gravity concentration could make under the most favorable conditions, such as slime-free pulp, froth flotation forged ahead to revolutionize the nonferrous mining industry. The principles of froth flotation are a complex combination of the laws of surface chemistry, colloidal chemistry, crystallography, and physics, which even after 50 years are not clearly understood. Its results are obtained by specific chemical reagents and the control of chemical conditions. It not only concentrates given minerals but also separates minerals which previously were inseparable by gravity concentration.
This new process, flotation, whose basic principles were not understood in the early days, was given to metallurgists and mill men to operate. Their previous experience gave them little guidance for overcoming the serious difficulties which they encountered. Few of them knew organic chemistry. Those in charge of flotation rarely had flotation laboratories. Flotation research was done by cut and try and empirical methods. The mining industry had no well equipped research laboratories manned by scientific teams.
Froth flotation, as pointed out previously, was a part of the evolution of milling during the first quarter of the 20th centurya period during which the progress of milling was greater than in all of its previous history. It marks the passing of the stamp battery, after 400 years service to the mining industry, and the beginning of grinding with rod mills, ball mills, and tube mills without which neither the cyanide process nor the froth flotation process would have reached full realization. More than all of these, it was the time when custom and tradition were replaced by technical knowledge and technical control.
This volume, then, is dedicated to those men who, with limited means, made froth flotation what it is today. It is designed to record the impact of this great ore treatment development on the mining industry both present and future.
The single most important methodused for the recovery and upgrading ofsulfide ores, thats howG. J. Jameson described the froth flotation process in 1992. And its true: this process, used in several processing industries, is able to selectively separatehydrophobic fromhydrophilic materials,by taking advantage of the different categories of hydrophobicity that areincreased by using surfactants and wetting agents during the processalso applied to wastewater treatment or paper recycling.
The mining field wouldnt be the same without this innovation, considered one of the greatest technologies applied to the industry in the twentieth century. Its consequent development boosted the recovery of valuableminerals like copper, for instance. Our world, full of copper wires usedfor electrical conduction and electrical motors, wouldnt be the same without this innovative process.
During the froth flotation process, occurs the separation of several types ofsulfides,carbonatesandoxides,prior to further refinement.Phosphatesandcoalcan also be purified by flotation technology.
Flotation can be performed by different types of machines, in rectangular or cylindrical mechanically agitated cells or tanks, columns, aJameson Flotation Cellor deinking flotation machines. The mechanical cells are based in a large mixer and diffuser mechanism that can be found at the bottom of the mixing tank and introduces air, providing a mixing action.The flotation columnsuse airspargersto generate air at the bottom of a tall column, while introducing slurry above and generating a mixing action, as well.
Mechanical cells usually have a higher throughput rate, but end up producing lower quality material, while flotation columns work the other way around, with a lower throughput rate but higher quality material.The Jameson cell just combines the slurry with air in a downcomer: then, a high shear creates the turbulent conditions required for bubble particle contacting.
Advantages of froth flotation: first of all, almostallmineralscan be separatedbythis process. Then, the surface propertiescan be controlledandaltered by the flotationreagent. Finally, this technique is highly appropriate for the separation ofsulfideminerals.
To help towards an understanding of the reasons for the employment of specific types of reagents and of the methods of using them, an outline of the principal theoretical factors which govern their application may be of service. For a full discussion of the theory of flotation the various papers and text-books which deal with this aspect should be consulted.
The physical phenomena involved in the flotation of minerals, those, for example, of liquid and solid surface-tensions, interfacial tension, adsorption, flocculation, and deflocculation, are the manifestations or effects of the surface-energies possessed by all liquids and solids in varying degree. These, in turn, arise from the attractions which exist between the interior molecules of every substance and are responsible for their distinctive propertiesform, fluidity, cohesion, hardness, and so on. It follows, therefore, that every substance must exhibit some degree of surface-energy.
All the solids normally present in an ore i.e., metallic, non-metallic, and rock-forming mineralshave their particular contact-angle and hysteresis values and therefore tend to be wetted in varying degrees in accordance with such values. These differences, however, are not usually sufficient to allow of the effective separation of the mineral and gangue constituents from each other. It is the function of the flotation reagents employed to accentuate or magnify these differences to a degree which renders separation by flotation practicable. Some reagents (modifiers) are added with the object of decreasing the contact-angle and so increasing the degree of wetting of the unwanted particles, which are usually more prone to become wetted than the wanted minerals. Others (promoters) are added to increase the tendency toward non-wetting shown by the valuable minerals by coating them with a film of yet higher contact-angle value. Such films are said to be adsorbed in respect of the water.
In this connection reference to Fig. 28 will indicate that a reagent which decreases the surface-tension of water tends thereby to increase wetting of the solid, since, if the value of S1 and therefore of its horizontal component, is lessened, the water-edge, as at P, will tend to extend over the solid surface, making therewith a smaller contact-angle.
The reagents added to promote the separation of the wanted minerals by increasing the water/solid contact-angle consist of substances whose molecules or minute suspensions have a markedly lower attraction for water molecules than the latter exert between themselves. Finely divided oil emulsions in water, dissolved xanthates, and other promoters are typical of such reagents. Substances of such nature, when dissolved in or disseminated through water, are pre-eminently adsorbed, or thrust towards the water boundaries, where the intra-molecular attractions are less uniformly balanced. Normally, this would occur at the free or air/water surface. In a pulp, however, from which air surfaces are absent, but in which mineral particles are suspended, the same thing takes place at the water/solid boundaries, adsorption being most pronounced at those faces where the interfacial tension is greatest viz., those with the highest contact-angle value and lowest adhesion for water. The minute particles of oil or xanthate molecules are thus virtuallythrust into adherence with the more floatable solids, whose surfaces they therefore film, increasing the contact-angles to their own high values and so rendering the solid more floatable. Experimental work indicates that the film so formed is of the order of one molecule in thickness.
Adsorption can be both positive and negative. Substances whose molecules have less attraction for water than the water molecules have for each other are concentrated at the water boundaries as explained in the foregoing paragraph ; this is termed positive adsorption, but substances whose molecules have a greater attraction for water molecules than the latter have for each other will tend to be dragged away from the surface layers, at which their concentration thus becomes less than in the interior of the liquid ; this is negative adsorption. Substances that are negatively adsorbed are those which tend to form chemical compounds or definite hydrates with water, such as sulphuric acid. In froth flotation we are concerned more with positive than with negative adsorption.
In some cases a chemical reaction between the solid and the reagent occurs at the interface ; for instance, in the activation of sphalerite by copper sulphate a film of copper sulphide is deposited on the mineral following adsorption of the copper salt at its surface. In many cases there is no evidence of any chemical change, but, whether chemical action takes place or not, there is no doubt that the filming of the mineral is due primarily to the adsorption property of the liquid itself, by virtue of which the promoting reagent dissolved or suspended in it is concentrated at the interface.
The chemical action of flotation reagents has been and still is the subject of a great deal of research work, which is bringing the various theories into common agreement, but there are still too many doubtful points and unexplained phenomena to make a simple explanation possible in these pages.
The foregoing paragraphs can be summarized by stating that the reagents employed in froth flotation can be classified into three general groups, comprising frothers, promoters, and modifiers, respectively, the purposes of each class being as follows :
The operation of flotation is not always confined to the separation of the valuable constituents of an ore in a single concentrate from a gangue composed of rock-forming minerals. It often happens that two classes of floatable minerals are present, of which only one is required. The process of floating one class in preference to another is termed selective or preferential flotation , the former being perhaps the better term to use. When both classes of minerals are required in separate concentrates, the process by which first one and then the other is floated is often called differential flotation , but in modern practice the operation is described as two-stage selective flotation .
Selective flotation has, therefore, given rise to two other classes of reagents, each of which may be regarded as falling within one of the classes already mentioned. They are known as depressing and activating reagents.
The use of these reagents has been extended in recent years to three- stage selective flotation. For example, ores containing the sulphide minerals of lead, zinc, and iron, can be treated to yield three successive concentrates, wherein each class of minerals is recovered separately more or less uncontaminated by the others.
Although the flotation of the commoner ores, notably those containing copper and lead-zinc minerals, has become standardized to some extent, there is nevertheless considerable variation in the amount and nature of the reagents required for their treatment. For this reason the running costs of the flotation section of a plant are somewhat difficult to predict accurately without some test data as a basis, more especially as the cost of reagents is usually the largest item. Tables 32 and 33 can therefore only be regarded as approximations. Table 32 gives the cost of the straightforward treatment in air-lift machines of a simple ore such as one containing easily floated sulphide copper minerals, and Table 33 that of the two-stage selective flotation of a lead-zinc or similar complex ore.
From Table 32 it will be seen that the reagent charge is likely to be the largest item even in the flotation of an ore that is comparatively easy to treat, except in the case of a very small plant, when the labour charge may exceed it. At one time the power consumption in the flotation section was as expensive an item as that of the reagents, but the development of the modern types of air-lift and pneumatic machines has made great economies possible in expenditure under this heading. As a ruleCallow-Maclntosh machines require less power than those of the air-lift type to give the same results, while subaeration machines can seldom compete with either in the flotation of simple ores, although improvements in their design in recent years have resulted in considerable reductions in the power needed to drive them. It should be noted that the power costs given in the table include pumping the pulp a short distance to the flotation machines, as would be necessary in an installation built on a flat site, and the elevation of the rougher and scavenger concentrates as in circuits such as Nos. 9 and 10.
The power costs decrease with increasing tonnage because of the greater economy of larger units and the lower price of power when produced on a large scale. The cost in respect of reagents and supplies also decreases as the size of the plant increases, due to better control and organization and to lower first cost and freight rates of supplies when purchased in bulk. The great disadvantage of a small installation lies in the high labour cost. This, however, shows a rapid reduction with increase of tonnage up to 1,000 tons per day, the reason being that with modern methods a flotation section handling this tonnage requires few more operators than one designed for only 200 tons per day. For installations of greater capacity the decrease is comparatively slight, since the plant then generally consists of parallel 1,000-ton units, each one requiring the same operating force ; the reduction in the cost of labour through increase of tonnage is then due chiefly to the lower cost of supervision and better facilities for maintenance and repairs. Provided that the installation is of such a size as to assure reasonable economy of labour, research work and attention to the technical details of flotation are generally the most effective methods of reducing costs, since improved metallurgy is likely to result in a lower reagent consumption if not in decreased power requirements.
The costs given in Table 33 may be considered as applying to a plant built on a flat site for the two-stage selective flotation of a complex ore in subaeration machines with a tank for conditioning the pulp ahead of each stage and one cleaning operation for each rougher concentrate. It is evident that the reagent charge is by far the largest item of cost. This probably accounts for the more or less general use of machines of the mechanically agitated type for complex ores in spite of their higher power consumption and upkeep costs, since the high-speed conditioning action of the impellers and provision for the accurate regulation of each cell offer the possibility of keeping the reagent consumption at a minimum. As in the case of single-stage flotation, the charge for labour falls rapidly as the capacity of the plant increases to 1,000 tons per day ; beyond this point the rate of decrease of this and all other items of cost with increase of tonnage is less rapid. The remarks in the previous paragraph concerning the importance of research work and attention to technical details apply with added force, because of the possibility through improved metallurgy of reducing the much higher reagent and power costs which a complex ore of the class in question has to bear.
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flotation cell - an overview | sciencedirect topics
The MAC flotation cell was developed by Kadant-Lamort Inc. It can save energy comparedto conventional flotation systems. The MAC flotation cell is mainly used in the flotation section of waste paper deinking pulping, for removal of hydrophobic impurities such as filler, ash,ink particles, etc. It can increase pulp whiteness and meet the requirements of final paper appearance quality. Table11.11 shows the features of MAC flotation cell. Kadants MAC flotation cell deinking system uses air bubbles to float ink particles to the cell surface for removal from the recycled material. The latest generation of the MAC cell deinking system incorporates a patented bubble-washing process to reduce power consumption and also fiber loss. It combines small, new, auto-clean, low-pressure injectors with a flotation cell. The function of injectors is to aerate the stock before it is pumped and sent tangentially to the top of the cell. The air bubbles collect ink particles in the cell and rise up to the top to create a thick foam mat that is evacuated because of the slight pressurization of the cell. The partially deinked stock then goes to a deaeration chamber and is pumped to the next stage. Here, the operation is exactly the same as for the first stage. This stage also has the same number of injectors and same flow (Kadant,2011). This operation is repeated up to five times for a high ink removal rate. Remixing of the air coming from downstream stages of the process helps the upstream stages and improves the overall cell efficiency. Adjustable and selective losses of fiberdepend on the application and technical requirements inks, or inks and fillers. The use of low-pressure injectors in the MAC flotation cell could save about 2530% of the energy used in conventional flotation systems (ECOTARGET,2009). The benefits of the MAC flotation cell are summarized in Table11.12.
Agitated flotation cells are widely used in the mineral processing industry for separating, recovering, and concentrating valuable particulate material from undesired gangue. Their performance is lowered, however, when part of the particulate system consists of fines, with particle diameters typically in the range from 30 to 100m. For example, it was observed difficult to float fine particles because of the reduction of middle particles (of wolframite) as carriers and the poor collision and attachment between fine particles and air bubbles; a new kinetic model was proposed [34].
As an alternative to agitated cells, bubble columnsused in chemical engineering practice as chemical reactorswere proposed for the treatment of fine particle systems. Flotation columns, as they came to be known, were invented back in the 1960s in Canada [35]. The main feature that differentiates the column from the mechanical flotation cell (of Denver type) is wash water, added at the top of the froth. It was thought to be beneficial to overall column performance since it helps clean the froth from any entrained gangue, while at the same time preventing water from the pulp flowing into the concentrate. In this way, it was hoped that certain cleaning flotation stages could be gained.
Let us note that the perhaps insistence here on mineral processing is only due to the fact that most of the available literature on flotation is from this area, where the process was originated and being widely practiced. The effect of particle size on flotation recovery is significant; it was shown that there exists a certain size range in which optimum results may be obtained in mineral processing. This range varies with the mineral properties such as density, liberation, and so on, but was said to be of the order of 10100m [36].
Regulating the oxidation state of pyrite (FeS2) and arsenopyrite (FeAsS), by the addition of an oxidation or reduction chemical agent and due to the application of a short-chain xanthate as collector (such as potassium ethyl xanthate, KEX), was the key to selective separation of the two sulfide minerals, pyrite and arsenopyrite [37]. Strong oxidizing agents can depress previously floated arsenopyrite. Various reagents were examined separately as modifiers and among them were sodium metabisulfite, hydrazinium sulfate, and magnesia mixture. The laboratory experiments were carried out in a modified Hallimond tube, assisted by zeta-potential measurements and, in certain cases, by contact angle measurements.
This conventional bench-scale flotation cell provides a fast, convenient, and low-cost method, based on small samples (around 2g), usually of pure minerals and also artificial mixtures, for determining the general conditions under which minerals may be rendered floatableoften in the absence of a frother (to collect the concentrate in the side tube) [38]. This idea was later further modified in the lab replacing the diaphragm, in order to conduct dissolved air or electroflotation testssee Section 3.
Pyrite concentrates sometimes contain considerable amounts of arsenic. Since they are usually used for the production of sulfuric acid, this is undesirable from the environmental point of view. However, gold is often associated with arsenopyrite, often exhibiting a direct relationship between Au content and As grade. There is, therefore, some scope for concentrating arsenopyrite since the ore itself is otherwise of little value (see Fig.2.2). Note that previous work on pyrites usually concentrated on the problem of floating pyrite [40].
In the aforementioned figure (shown as example), the following conditions were applied: (1) collector [2-coco 2-methyl ammonium chloride] 42mg/L, frother (EtOH) 0.15% (v/v), superficial liquid velocity uL=1.02cm/s, superficial gas velocity uG=0.65cm/s, superficial wash water velocity uw=0.53cm/s; (2) hexadecylamine, 45mg/L; pine oil, 50mg/L; EtOH, 0.025%; uL=0.84cm/s; uG=0.72cm/s; uw=0.66cm/s; (3) Armoflot 43, 50mg/L; pine oil, 50mg/L; EtOH, 0.025%; uL=0.84cm/s; uG=0.71cm/s; uw=0.66cm/s [39]. The pyrite (with a relatively important Au content of 21g/ton) was a xanthate-floated concentrate. The presence of xanthates, however, might cause problems in the subsequent cyanidation of pyrites when recovering their Au value, which perhaps justified the need to find alternative collectors. In general, the amines exhibited a behavior similar to that of the xanthates (O-alkyl dithiocarbonates). The benefit of the amine was in its lower consumption, as compared with the xanthate systems.
The arsenic content of the pyrite was approximately 9% (from an initial 3.5% of the mixed sulfide ore). The material was sieved and the75m fraction was used for the laboratory-scale cylindrical column experiments. The effect on metallurgical characteristics of the flotation concentrate of varying the amount of ferric sulfate added to the pulp was studied; three collectors were used and their performance was compared (in Fig.2.2). Both hexadecylamine and Armoflot 43 (manufactured by Akzo) exhibited an increased recovery but a very low enrichment, whereas 2-coco 2-methyl ammonium chloride (Arquad-2C) showed a considerable enrichment; a compromise had to be made, therefore, between a high-grade and a low recovery.
Electroflotation (electrolytic flotation) is an unconventional separation process owing its name to the bubbles generation method it uses, i.e., electrolysis of the aqueous medium. In the bottom of the microcell, the two horizontal electrodes were made from stainless steel, the upper one being perforated. The current density applied was 300 Am2. It was observed that with lime used to control pH, different behavior was observed (see Fig.2.3). Pyrite, with permanganate (a known depressant) also as modifier, remained activated from pH 5.0 to 8.0at 80% recovery, while it was depressed at the pH range from 9.0 to 12.0. A conditioning of 30min was applied in the presence of modifier alone and further 15min after the addition of xanthate. The pure mineral sample, previously hand collected, crushed, and pulverized in the laboratory, was separated by wet sieving to the45 to+25m particle size range.
Pyrite due to its very heterogeneous surface, consisting of a mosaic of anodic and cathodic areas, presents a strong electrocatalytic activity in the anodic oxidation of xanthate to dixanthogen. It is also possible that the presence of the electric field, during electroflotation, affected the reactions taking place. In order to explain this difference in flotation behavior thermodynamic calculations for the system Fe-EX-H2O have been done [41]. It was concluded that electroflotation was capable of removing fine pyrite particles from a dilute dispersion, under controlled conditions. Nevertheless, dispersed air and electroflotation presented apparent differences for the same application.
The size of the gas bubbles produced was of the order of 50m, in diameter [21]. Similar measurements were later carried out at Newcastle, Australia [42]; where it was also noted that a feature of electroflotation is the ability to create very fine bubbles, which are known to improve flotation performance of fine particles.
In fact, the two electrodes of a horizontal electrodes set, usually applied in electroflotation, could be separated by a cation exchange membrane, as only one of the produced gases is often necessary [43]. In the lower part/separated electrode, an electrolyte was circulated to remove the created gas, and in the meantime, increase the conductivity; hence having power savings (as the electric field is built up between the electrodes through the use of the suspension conductivity). Attention should be paid in this case to anode corrosion, mainly by the chloride ion (i.e., seawater).
Microorganisms have a tremendous influence on their environment through the transfer of energy, charge, and materials across a complex biotic mineralsolution interface; the biomodification of mineral surfaces involves the complex action of microorganism on the mineral surface [44]. Mixed cationic/anionic surfactants are also generating increasing attention as effective collectors during the flotation of valuable minerals (i.e., muscovite, feldspar, and spodumene ores); the depression mechanisms on gangue minerals, such as quartz, were focused [45].
Another design of a flotation cell which applies ultrasound during the flotation process has been developed by Vargas-Hernndez et al. (2002). The design consists of a Denver cell (Koh and Schwarz, 2006) equipped with ultrasonic capabilities of performing ultrasound-assisted flotation experiments. This cell is universally accepted as a standard cell for laboratory flotation experiments. In Figure 35.25, a schematic of the Denver cell equipped with two power transducers is shown operating at 20kHz. The ultrasonic transducers are in acoustic contact with the body of the flotation cell but are not immersed in the same cell. Instead, they are submerged in distilled water and in a thin membrane that separates the radiant head of the transducer from the chamber body. The floatation chamber has a capacity of 2.7l and is also equipped with conventional systems to introduce air and mechanical agitation able to maintain the suspension of metallurgical pulp. In the upper part of the cell there is an area in which the foam is recovered for analysis by a process called skimming. The block diagram of Figure 35.25 further shows that the experimental system was developed to do ultrasonic-assisted flotation experiments. The transducers operate at 20kHz and can handle power up to 400W. In the Denver cell an acoustic probe, calibrated through a nonlinear system and capable of measuring high-intensity acoustic fields, is placed (Gaete-Garretn et al., 1993, 1998). This is done in order to determine the different acoustic field intensities with a spatial scanner during the experimentation. Figure 35.26 shows the distribution of ultrasonic field intensity obtained by a spatial scanner in the central area of the flotation chamber. The Denver cell with ultrasonic capabilities, as described, is shown in Figure 35.27. The obtained results were fairly positive. For example, for fine particle recovery it worked with metallurgical pulp under 325mesh, indicating floating particles of less than 45m, and the recovery curves are almost identical to those of an appropriate size mineral for flotation. This is shown in Figure 35.28, where a comparison between typical copper recovery curves for fine and normal particles is presented. The most interesting part of the flotation curves is the increase in recovery of molybdenum with ultrasonic power, as shown in Figure 35.29. The increase in recovery of iron is not good news for copper mines because the more iron floating the lower grade of recovery. This may be because the iron becomes more hydrophobic with ultrasonic action. According to the experts, this situation could be remedied by looking for specific additives to avoid this effect. Flotation kinetics shown in Figure 35.30 with 5 and 10W of acoustic power applied also show an excellent performance. It should be noted that the acoustic powers used to vary the flotation kinetics have been quite low and could clearly be expanded.
Figure 35.28. Compared recovering percent versus applied power in an ultrasonic-assisted flotation process in a Denver cell: (a) fine and ultrafine particles recovering and (b) normal particles recovering.
These experiments confirm the potential of power ultrasound in flotation. Research on assisted flotation with power ultrasound has been also carried out by Ozkan (2002), who has conducted experiments by pretreating pulp with ultrasound during flotation. Ozkhans objective was to recover magnesite from magnesite silts with particles smaller than 38m. Their results show that under ultrasonic fields the flotation foam bubbles are smaller, improving magnesite recovery rates. When Ozkhan treated magnesite mineral with a conventional treatment the beneficial effect of ultrasound was only manifested for mineral pretreatment. The flotation performed under ultrasonic field did not show improvement. This was because power ultrasound improves the buoyancy of clay iron and this has the effect of lowering the recovery of magnesite.
Kyllnen et al. (2004) employed a cell similar to Jordan to float heavy metals from contaminated soils in a continuous process. In their experiments they obtained a high recovery of heavy metals, improving the soil treatment process. Alp et al. (2004) have employed ultrasonic waves in the flotation of tincal minerals (borax Na O710 B4 H2O), finding the same effects as described above, i.e., that power ultrasound helps in the depression of clay. However, the beneficial effect of ultrasound is weakened when working with pulps with high mineral concentration (high density), probably due to an increase in the attenuation of the ultrasonic field. Safak and Halit (2006) investigated the action mechanisms of ultrasound under different flotation conditions. A cleaning effect on the floating particles was attributed to the ultrasonic energy, making the particles more reactive to the additives put in the metallurgical pulp. Furthermore due to the fact that the solid liquid interface is weaker than the cohesive forces of the metallurgic pulp liquids, it results in a medium favorable to creation of cavitation bubbles. The unstable conditions of a cavitation environment can produce changes in the collectors and even form emulsions when entering the surfactant additives. In general, many good properties are attributed to the application of ultrasound in flotation. For example, there is a more uniform distribution of the additives (reagents) and an increase in their activity. In fact in the case of carbon flotation it has been found that the floating times are shortened by the action of ultrasound, the bubble sizes are more stable, and the consumption of the reagents is drastically lowered.
Abrego Lpez (2006) studied a water recovery process of sludge from industrial plants. For this purpose he employed a flotation cell assisted by power ultrasound. In the first stage he made a flotation to recover heavy metals in the metallurgical pulp, obtaining a high level of recovery. In the second stage he added eucalyptus wood cones to the metallurgical pulp to act as an accumulator of copper, lead, nickel, iron, and aluminum. The author patented the method, claiming that it obtained an excellent recovery of all elements needing to be extracted. zkan and Kuyumcu (2007) showed some design principles for experimental flotation cells, proposing to equip a Denver flotation cell with four power transducers. Tests performed with this equipment consisted of evaluating the possible effects that high-intensity ultrasonic fields generated in the cell may have on the flotation. The author provides three-dimensional curves of ultrasonic cavitation fields in a Denver cell filled with water at frequencies between 25 and 40kHz. A warming effect was found, as expected. However, he states that this effect does not disturb the carbon recovery processes because carbon flotation rarely exceeds 5min. They also found that the pH of tap water increases with the power and time of application of ultrasound, while the pH of the carbonwaterreagentsludge mixture decreases. The conductivity of the metallurgical pulp grows with the power and time of application of ultrasound, but this does not affect flotation. The carbon quality obtained does not fall due to the application of ultrasound and the consumption of lowered reagents. They did not find an influence from the ultrasound frequency used in the process, between 25 and 40kHz. They affirmed that ultrasound is beneficial at all stages of concentration.
Kang et al. (2009) studied the effects of preconditioning of carbon mineral pulp in nature by ultrasound with a lot of sulfur content. They found that the nascent oxygen caused by cavitation produces pyrite over oxidation, lowering its hydrophobicity, with the same effect on the change of pH induced by ultrasonic treatment. Additionally, ultrasound decreases the liquid gas interfacial tension by increasing the number of bubbles. Similar effects occur in carbon particles. The perfect flotation index increases 25% with ultrasonic treatment. Kang et al. (2008) continued their efforts to understand the mechanism that causes effects in ultrasonic flotation, analyzing the floating particles under an ultrasonic field by different techniques like X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. In carbon flotation it is estimated that ultrasonic preconditioning may contribute to desulfurization and ash removal (deashing) in carbon minerals. Zhou et al. (2009) have investigated the role of cavitation bubbles created by hydrodynamic cavitation in a flotation process, finding similar results to those reported for ultrasonic cavitation flotation. Finally, Ozkan (2012) has conducted flotation experiments with the presence of hard carbon sludge cavitation (slimes), encountering many of the effects that have been reported for the case of metallurgical pulp with ultrasound pretreatment. This includes improved flotation, drastic reduction in reagent consumption, and the possible prevention of oxidation of the surface of carbon sludge. A decrease in the ash content in floating carbon was not detected. However, tailings do not seem to contain carbon particles. All these effects can be attributed to acoustic cavitation. However, according to the author, there is a need to examine the contribution of ultrasound to the probability of particlebubble collision and the likelihood of getting the bubbles to connect to the particles. The latter effects have been proposed as causes for improvements in flotation processes in many of the publications reviewed, but there is no systematic study of this aspect.
In summary, power ultrasound assistance with flotation processes shows promising results in all versions of this technique, including conditioning metallurgical pulp before floating it, assisting the continuous flotation process, and improving the yields in conventional flotation cells. The results of ultrasonic floating invariably show a better selectivity and an increase, sometimes considerable, in the recovery of fine particles. Paradoxically, in many experiments an increase has been recorded in recovering particles suitable for normal flotation. These facts show the need for further research in the flotation process in almost all cases, with the exception perhaps of carbon flotation. For this last case, in light of the existing data the research should be directed toward scale-up of the technology.
The concentrate obtained from a batch flotation cell changes in character with time as the particles floating change in size, grade and quantity. In the same way, the concentrate from the last few cells in a continuous bank is different from that removed from the earlier cells. Particles of the same mineral float at different rates due to different particle characteristics and cell conditions.
The recovery of any particular mineral rises to an asymptotic value R which is generally less than 100%. The rate of recovery at time t is given by the slope of the tangent to the curve at t, and the rate of recovery at time t1 is clearly greater than the rate at time t2. There is a direct relationship between the rate of flotation and the amount of floatable material remaining in the cell, that is:
The process is carried out in a flotation cell or tank, of which there are two basic types, mechanical and pneumatic. Within each of these categories, there are two subtypes, those that operate as a single cell, and those that are operated as a series or bank of cells. A bank of cells (Fig. 8) is preferred because this makes the overall residence times more uniform (i.e., more like plug flow), rather than the highly diverse residence times that occur in a single (perfectly mixed) tank.
FIGURE 8. Flotation section of a 80,000t/d concentrating plant, showing the arrangement of the flotation cells into banks. A small part of the grinding section can be seen through the gap in the wall. [Courtesy Joy Manufacturing Co.]
The purpose of the flotation cell is to attach hydrophobic particles to air bubbles, so that they can float to the surface, form a froth, and can be removed. To do this, a flotation machine must maintain the particles in suspension, generate and disperse air bubbles, promote bubbleparticle collision, minimize bypass and dead spaces, minimize mechanical passage of particles to the froth, and have sufficient froth depth to allow nonhydrophobic (hydrophilic) particles to return to the suspension.
Pneumatic cells have no mechanical components in the cell. Agitation is generally by the inflow of air and/or slurry, and air bubbles are usually introduced by an injector. Until comparatively recently, their use was very restricted. However, the development of column flotation has seen a resurgence of this type of cell in a wider, but still restricted, range of applications. While the total volume of cell is still of the same order as that of a conventional mechanical cell, the floor space and energy requirements are substantially reduced. But the main advantage is that the cell provides superior countercurrent flow to that obtained in a traditional circuit (see Fig. 11), and so they are now often used as cleaning units.
Mechanical cells usually consist of long troughs with a series of mechanisms. Although the design details of the mechanisms vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, all consist of an impeller that rotates within baffles. Air is drawn or pumped down a central shaft and is dispersed by the impeller. Cells also vary in profile, degree of baffling, the extent of walling between mechanisms, and the discharge of froth from the top of the cell.
Selection of equipment is based on performance (represented by grade and recovery), capacity (metric tons per hour per cubic meter); costs (including capital, power, maintenance), and subjective factors.
Among all processing industries, only in the ore and mining industries is the accent more on wear resistance than corrosion. In mining industries, the process concerns material handling more than any physical or chemical conversions that take place during the refining operations. For example, in the excavation process of iron ore, conventional conveyer systems and sophisticated fluidized systems are both used [16,17]. In all these industries, cost and safety are the governing factors. In a fluidized system, the particles are transported as slurry using screw pumps through large pipes. These pipes and connected fittings are subjected to constant wear by the slurry containing hard minerals. Sometimes, depending on the accessibility of the mineral source, elaborate piping systems will be laid. As a high-output industry any disruption in the work will result in heavy budgetary deficiency. Antiabrasive rubber linings greatly enhance the life of equipment and reduce the maintenance cost. The scope for antiabrasive rubber lining is tremendous and the demand is ever increasing in these industries.
Different rubber compounds are used in the manufacture of flotation cell rubber components for various corrosion and abrasion duty conditions. Flotation as applied to mineral processing is a process of concentration of finely divided ores in which the valuable and worthless minerals are completely separated from each other. Concentration takes place from the adhesion of some species of solids to air bubbles and wetting of the other series of solids by water. The solids adhering to air bubbles float on the surface of the pulp because of a decrease in effective density caused by such adhesion, whereas those solids that are wetted by water in the pulp remain separated in the pulp. This method is probably the more widely used separation technique in the processing of ores. It is extensively used in the copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum sections of the mineral treatment industry and is used to a lesser extent in gold and iron production. The various rubber compounds used in the lining of flotation cells and in the manufacture of their components for corrosive and abrasive duties are:
Operating above the maximum capacity can cause the performance of flotation cells to be poor even when adequate slurry residence time is available (Lynch et al., 1981). For example, Fig. 11.21 shows the impact of increasing volumetric feed flow rate on cell performance (Luttrell et al., 1999). The test data obtained at 2% solids correlates well with the theoretical performance curve predicted using a mixed reactor model (Levenspiel, 1972). Under this loading, coal recovery steadily decreased as feed rate increased due to a reduction in residence time. However, as the solids content was increased to 10% solids, the recovery dropped sharply and deviated substantially from the theoretical curve due to froth overloading. This problem can be particularly severe in coal flotation due to the high concentration of fast floating solids in the flotation feed and the presence of large particles in the flotation froth. Flotation columns are particularly sensitive to froth loading due to the small specific surface area (ratio of cross-sectional area to volume) for these units.
Theoretical studies indicate that loading capacity (i.e., carrying capacity) of the froth, which is normally reported in terms of the rate of dry solids floated per unit cross-sectional area, is strongly dependent on the size of particles in the froth (Sastri, 1996). Studies and extensive test work conducted by Eriez personnel also support this finding. As seen in Fig. 11.22, a direct correlation exists between capacity and both the mean size (d50) and ultrafines content of the flotation feedstock. The true loading capacity may be estimated from laboratory and pilot-scale flotation tests by conducting experiments as a function of feed solids content (Finch and Dobby, 1990). Field surveys indicate that conventional flotation machines can be operated with loading capacities of up to 1.52.0t/h/m2 for finer (0.150mm) feeds and 56t/h/m2 or more for coarser (0.600mm) feeds. Most of the full-scale columns in the coal industry operate at froth loading capacities less than 1.5t/h/m2 for material finer than 0.150mm and as high as 3.0t/h/m2 for flotation feed having a top size of 0.300mm feeds.
Froth handling is a major problem in coal flotation. Concentrates containing large amounts of ultrafine (<0.045mm) coal generally become excessively stable, creating serious problems related to backup in launders and downstream handling. Bethell and Luttrell (2005) demonstrated that coarser deslime froths readily collapsed, but finer froths had the tendency to remain stable for an indefinite period of time. Attempts made to overcome this problem by selecting weaker frothers or reducing frother dosage have not been successful and have generally led to lower circuit recoveries. Therefore, several circuit modifications have been adopted by the coal industry to deal with the froth stability problem. For example, froth launders need to be considerably oversized with steep slopes to reduce backup. Adequate vertical head must also be provided between the launder and downstream dewatering operations. In addition, piping and chute work must be designed such that the air can escape as the froth travels from the flotation circuit to the next unit operation.
Figure 11.23 shows how small changes in piping arrangements can result in better process performance. Shown in Fig. 11.23 is a column whose performance suffered due to the inability to move the froth product from the column launder although a large discharge nozzle (11m) had been provided. In this example, the froth built up in the launder and overflowed when the operators increased air rates. To prevent this problem, the air rates were lowered, which resulted in less than optimum coal recovery. It was determined that the downstream discharge piping was air-locking and preventing the launders from properly draining. The piping was replaced with larger chute work that allowed the froth to flow freely and the air to escape. As a result, higher aeration rates were possible and recoveries were significantly improved.
Some installations have resorted to using defoaming agents or high-pressure launder sprays to deal with froth stability. However, newer column installations eliminate this problem by including large de-aeration tanks to allow time for the froth to collapse (Fig. 11.24a). Special provisions may also be required to ensure that downstream dewatering units can accept the large froth volumes. For example, standard screen-bowl centrifuges equipped with 100mm inlets may need to be retrofitted with 200mm or larger inlets to minimize flow restrictions. In addition, while the use of screen-bowl centrifuges provides low product moistures, there are typically fine coal losses, as a large portion of the float product finer than 0.045mm is lost as main effluent. This material is highly hydrophobic and will typically accumulate on top of the thickener as a very stable froth layer, which increases the probability that the process water quality will become contaminated (i.e., black water).
This phenomenon is more prevalent in by-zero circuits, especially when the screen-bowl screen effluent is recycled back through the flotation circuit, either directly or through convoluted plant circuitry. Reintroducing material that has already been floated to the flotation circuit can result in a circulating load of very fine and highly floatable material. As a result, the capacity of the flotation equipment can be significantly reduced, which results in losses of valuable coal. Most installations will combat this by ensuring that the screen-bowl screen effluent is routed directly back to the screen bowl so that it does not return to the flotation circuit. The accumulation of froth on the thickener, which tends to be especially problematic in by-zero circuitry, is also reduced by utilizing reverse-weirs and taller center wells, as this approach helps to limit the amount of froth that can enter into the process water supply. Froth that does form on top of the clarifier can be eliminated by employing a floating boom that is placed directly in the thickener (Fig. 11.24b) and used in conjunction with water sprays. The floating boom can be constructed out of inexpensive PVC piping, and is typically attached to the rotating rakes. The boom floats on the water interface and drags any froth around to the walkway that extends over the thickener, where it is eliminated by the sprays.
Column cells have been developed over the past 30 years as an alternative to mechanically agitated flotation cells. The major operating difference between column and mechanical cells is the lack of agitation in column cells that reduces energy and maintenance costs. Also, it has been reported that the cost of installing a column flotation circuit is approximately 2540% less than an equivalent mechanical flotation circuit (Murdock et al., 1991). Improved metallurgical performance of column cells in iron ore flotation is reported and attributed to froth washing, which reduces the loss of fine iron minerals entrained into the froth phase (Dobby, 2002).
The Brazilian iron ore industry has embraced the use of column flotation cells for reducing the silica content of iron concentrates. Several companies, including Samarco Minerao S.A., Companhia Vale do Rio Doce (CRVD), Companhia Siderrgica Nacional (CSN), and Mineraes Brasileiras (MBR), are using column cells at present (Peres et al., 2007). Samarco Minerao, the first Brazilian producer to use column cells, installed column cells as part of a plant expansion program in the early 1990s (Viana et al., 1991). Pilot plant tests showed that utilization of a column recleaner circuit led to a 4% increase in iron recovery in the direct reduction concentrate and an increase in primary mill capacity when compared to a conventional mechanical circuit.
There are also some negative reports of the use of column cells in the literature. According to Dobby (2002), there were several failures in the application of column cells in the iron ore industry primarily due to issues related to scale-up. At CVRD's Samitri concentrator, after three column flotation stages, namely, rougher, cleaner, and recleaner, a secondary circuit of mechanical cells was still required to produce the final concentrate.
Imhof et al. (2005) detailed the use of pneumatic flotation cells to treat a magnetic separation stream of a magnetite ore by reverse flotation to reduce the silica content of the concentrate to below 1.5%. From laboratory testing, they claimed that the pneumatic cells performed better than either conventional mechanical cells or column cells. The pneumatic cells have successfully been implemented at the Compaia Minera Huasco's iron ore pellet plant.
This chapter presents a novel approach to establish the relationship between collector properties and the flotation behavior of goal in various flotation cells. Coal flotation selectivity can be improved if collector selection is primarily based on information obtained from prior contact angle and zeta potential measurements. In a study described in the chapter, this approach was applied to develop specific collectors for particular coals. A good correlation was obtained between laboratory batches and large-scale conventional flotation cells. This is not the case when these results are correlated with pneumatic cell trial data. The study described in the chapter was aimed at identifying reasons for the noncorrelation. Two collectors having different chemical compositions were selected for this investigation. A considerable reduction in coal recovery occurred at lower rotor speeds when comparing results of oxidized and virgin coal. The degree to which a collector enhances flocculation in both medium- and low-shear applications and also the stronger bubble-coal particle adherence required for high-shear cells must, therefore, all be taken into consideration when formulating a collector for coal flotation.
froth flotation process - detailed explanation with diagrams and videos
Froth flotation is one of the most popular operational processes for mineral beneficiation. In ore/mineral beneficiation, froth flotation is a method by which commercially important minerals are separated from impurities and other minerals by collecting them on the surface of a froth layer.
Flotation is the process of separation of beneficial minerals from a mixture by creating froth on which minerals separate out. This method of froth floatation is a method of mineral processing in which different minerals are separated selectively. Such ores containing multiple metals such as lead, copper and zinc can be selectively extracted by using froth floatation.
1. True floatation In this process minerals are selectively attached to froth. This process is very critical and important as the extraction of the valuable minerals is decided by this step only while the other two steps determine the separation efficiency between the mineral and the gangue.
An important criterion of separation of minerals by the froth floatation method is that the size of the particles of the ores must be very small equivalent to powder form. This is very important because the heavier and bigger particle would require a greater adhesive force without which they would no longer attach to the froth and settle down in the bottom. Thus separation will not be possible.
The process of froth floatation starts with the Comminution process in which the surface area of the ore is increased. First of all, the ores are crushed into very fine powder sized particles and mixed with water. The mixture obtained is called Slurry. A Collector which acts as a surfactant chemical is added to the slurry. This is done to enhance the hydrophobic nature of the mineral.
The slurry has now been converted into pulp. This pulp is added in the container filled with water and then air jets are forced into it to create bubbles. The required mineral is repelled by water and thus gets attached to the air bubbles. As these air bubbles rise up to the surface with mineral particles sticking to it, these are called froth. This Froth is separated and further taken for the next process of refining and extraction.
The basic principle applied in the process of Froth Flotation is the difference in the wetting ability of the ore and remaining impurities. The particles are categorised into two types on the basis of their wetting ability;
If the minerals are of Hydrophobic nature then only can get attracted toward froth and not with water. Once these minerals come to the surface, by the help of buoyant force applied on the froth, the particle-bubble contact will be intact only when there is the formation of a stabilized foam. The deciding factor of the stability of the froth is the strength of the attachment of the bubble to the mineral. This is calculated by the help of YOUNG-DUPRE EQUATION. This equation gives the relation between the strength of attachment and the interfacial energies.
A common industrial column cell consists of a long cylindrical tank fitted with a feed inlet pipe in the upper portion of the cylinder. Two launders are also connected, one internally and one externally to collect and separate the foam. In the lower portion of the cylinder, an outlet pipe is also connected to remove the slurry and the non -floating material. Pipes for proper drainage and many nozzles for re-pulping are also fitted in the lower section of the column.
Many obstructing panels are also fitted in the column to ensure proper and uniform mixing inside the tank. The number of such panels depend on the geometry and size of the tank. A gas bubble generator system which is utilized for the generation of the bubbles is also fixed at the bottom of the column. A froth washing system, whose purpose is to separate the impurities from the froth, is attached on the top of the tank.
These methods are extensively utilised for metals of low reactivity generally sulphur compounds. Sulphide ores can be easily wetted by the oils which will float on water. These minerals are first converted into a fine powder and then mixed with water. After that pine oil is poured into this slurry. Then Air bubbles are created by injecting high-pressure air. Thus the sulphide ore comes on the top with the froth and oil. The remaining gangue particles which did not dissolve in oil settle down. The foam is removed and taken for further processing. Thus the minerals are separated by the froth -flotation process. This method is extensively utilized for Copper sulphide, lead sulphide and Zinc sulphide.
In order to maintain uniform quality of froth and optimise the adhesive quality of the minerals different chemicals are required to be mixed in the slurry.some of such important chemicals are listed below.
A collector is such a type of organic compound that selectively attaches to the surface of the minerals and adds water repelling nature to the particles, a very critical factor for adhesion of mineral particles to the air bubble.
Non-Ionic collectors: These are simple hydrocarbon oils which are needed to increase the water-repelling nature of those minerals which have low hydrophobic strength such as coal. This is done by selective adsorption of oils by the minerals. Examples of non-ionic collectors are Fuel oil and Kerosene oil.
Anionic collectors: These collectors consist of a non-polar part and an ionic part in the anionic part of the compound while the cationic part has no important function enhancement of hydrophobic nature.
Examples of carboxylates are salts of oleic acid and linoleic acid. Soaps generally are more beneficial compared to other ionic collectors because they have a long chain of fatty acids and can easily dissolve in water. These anionic collectors can be used for the separation of ores of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals like calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium etc.
Cationic collectors: in such collectors, the cationic part of the compound plays a very important role in increasing the surface properties of the mineral. The ionic part is generally the nitrogen of the compound amines. They undergo physisorption and get bonded to the mineral through electrostatic force of attraction. Due to this reason these cationic collectors have low adhesive force.
Frothers These are the group of compounds which help to stabilize the foam. Apart from stabilizing the bubbles they also help in the effective removal of foam and separation of gangue. The desired properties of a typical frother are that it should be able to generate foam so that minerals can be separated. They must be easily soluble in water with a fair degree of homogeneity.
These reagents activate the mineral surface towards the action of the Collectors, by enhancing their chemical properties. Therefore, they are often called friends of collectors. Generally, they are the easily ionisable soluble salts which react with the mineral surface. A very common example of an activator is in the case of the Sphalerite ore in which zinc is easily separated by the formation of zinc -Xanthate.
These reagents deactivate the mineral surface towards the action of Collectors, by changing their chemical properties. Hence, they are also called the enemies of the Collectors. They increase the Selectivity of flotation, by preventing one mineral from flotation while allowing another mineral to float unrestricted.
pH is also a very important factor in the process of floatation. Even a slight change in the pH of the slurry can result in loss of productivity and efficiency of the operation. Thus to ensure the optimum use of the resources and production is maximum pH modifiers are used. Lime, Sodium carbonate, Sodium hydroxide and Ammonia are often used to maintain the basic nature of the slurry whereas Sulphurous and Sulphuric acids are used to maintain the acidic medium.
calculate flotation cell capacities volume vs retention time
This online calculator helps you on how to calculate or estimate either what size/volume flotation cell and well as conditioning tank + how many flotation cells your bank needs to accommodate the retention time you need. Design Retention time is usually obtained from laboratory testwork and proper use of Lab-to-Plant flotationscale-up factors.
An Example of flotation cell capacity and circuit retention time approximation:Estimate the volume of conditioners and flotation cells required to handle 9100 dry tons of ore per 24 hours at 30% pulp solids by weight, with an ore specific gravity of 3.1. Five minutes conditioning time and 15 minutes flotation time are desired.Adding 15% as a volume factor for aeration, the estimated flotation cell volume needed will be 290 cubic meters. If cells of 29,000 Liters volume are chosen, N will be 10. Similarly calculating for the 5-minute conditioning time at the same pulp density gives (see below).Therefore, the total conditioner volume required is 84 meters cube which can be achieved with as many units of a given size as is desired.
To determine the minimum number of flotation cells, start with the concept of plug-flow reactors. This iswhy some engineers prefer bank of floatation cells while others prefer single cells. Multiple cells are best performers and achieve better kinetics.
Capacity. Floating time of the ore is one of the determining factors in figuring the capacity. If an ore is slow floating and requires twelve minutes treatment time, and another ore is fast floating and requires but six minutes treatment, it is evident that a machine of only half the capacity is necessary in the last instance. The capacity recommendations are conservative and are based on years of actual field operation treating all kind of materials.
Volume of any flotation cell must be known for the volume in a flotation machine determines the time available to float the valves. Therefore, the capacity of any flotation machine depends upon its volume. All flotation cells having the same volume will have approximately the same capacity with allowance made for the efficiency of the agitator or aerator. As the time is very important in any flotation machine, the actual cubical content of any machine should be carefully checked for comparison.
Results of cells of equal volume will not necessarily be equal because they may not be equally efficient. It may be easy enough to put pulp through a machine, but to make a machine to give high grade concentrates, to retreat middlings, and to make a low tailing, required years of experience and operation: after all, this field experience is the best guide.
Under the table at the left, problems are given to illustrate the method of figuring the number of cells. In order to secure the maximum positive treatment of the mineral and to make a high grade concentrate, it is best to have the necessary total volume divided into at least four cells (preferably six cells) each a separate cell so that they may be used for roughing, cleaning or re-cleaning purposes.
To determine the number of Cells required multiply the proposed tonnage per day (24 hours) by the time (number of minutes necessary to float the mineral), then divide this product by the proper figure given in the table. This figure is secured by talking the size machine under consideration (find the horizontal line giving the dilution of your mill pulp, and the vertical line giving the specific gravity of your ore): the figure will be at the point of intersection.
To find the conditioning tank capacity, the figure in the third column of the table corresponding to the required pulp dilution must be multiplied by the tonnage to be treated per 24 hours and by the contact time in minutes. This will give the size of tank required in cubic feet. It is usual to allow 10 to 20% additional capacity.
To find the flotation machine capacity, the figure in the third column corresponding to the required pulp dilution must be multiplied by the tonnage to be treated per 24 hours and by the time required for flotation in minutes. The product is the number of cubic feet of machine capacity needed. This figure, divided by the capacity in cubic feet of any particular type of flotation cell, will give the number of such cells needed. In the case of the Southwestern Air-Lift Machine it must be divided by 9.85 (the volume in cubic feet of one foot of machine), which will give the length of machine required in feet.
A certain amount of discretion must be exercised in making these calculations, particularly when applying laboratory results to plant design. For instance, many types of laboratory flotation machines can be run much harder than is possible in a full-size machine with the result that the time of treatment may be considerably underestimated. Again, the speed of flotation varies in every type of machine. Given an ore which can be successfully floated in a pneumatic cell, the time of treatment may only be 2 to 3 minutes, whereas 10 to 12 minutes or even more may be required in an air-lift machine under exactly similar conditions. Conditioning and flotation contact times obtained in laboratory machinesare best checked under pilot plant conditions in machines of the same type that are to be installed in the actual plant.
In selecting the size of a flotation machine by the method described above, it should be remembered that a large cell is more economical in power than a small one. In the absence of specific data, a time of treatment of 12 to 15 minutes is the normal allowance for the flotation of a straightforward ore in a mechanically-agitated or air-lift machine with a W/S ratio between 3/1 and 4/1. If cleaning of the concentrate is likely to be necessary, extra cells will be required, the number varying from one quarter of the number of roughing cells in the case of a low-grade ore to one-half of the roughing cells for one of high grade. When cleaning is practised, it is best to allow for an overall W/S ratio of 4/1, since the water needed for the operation is generally returned to the roughing circuit with consequent dilution of the pulp there. As a rule only the presence of very easily floated mineral in a thick pulp will enable flotation to be accomplished in less than 12 minutes. For example, when a heavily mineralized ore containing lead and zinc sulphides is being treated, it is not uncommon for the pulp to enter the first or lead flotation stage at a W/S ratio of less than 2/1 ; as galena is easily floatable, the time of treatment in this stage is often only 5 to 8 minutes.
equipment | rental | remanufactured | stock |enviro-tech systems
The ENVIRO-CELL EC-3 Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 3,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (1) one unit immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-CELLCFU EC-3V Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 3,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (1) one unit immediately available for rent. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-CELLCFU EC-1V Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 1,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (1) one unit immediately available for rent. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-SEP ES-5 Corrugated Plate Interceptor handles up to 5,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (2) two units immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-COMBO ESC-10 Induced Gas Flotation Cell and Corrugated Plate Interceptor Combination handles up to 10,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (3) three units immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-COMBO ESC-1 Induced Gas Flotation Cell and Corrugated Plate Interceptor Combination handles up to 1,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (1) one unit immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The WEMCO 76 Hydraulic Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 25,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (1) one unit immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The WEMCO 84 Hydraulic Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 40,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (2) two units immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The WEMCO 76 Hydraulic Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 25,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (1) one unit immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-CELL EC-1 Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 1,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (3) three units immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-CELL EC-5 Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 5,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (4) four units immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
The ENVIRO-CELL EC-10 Induced Gas Flotation Cell handles up to 10,000 BWPD. ETS currently has (1) one unit immediately available for sale. IOM manuals and additional documentation available upon request.
tankcell - metso outotec
The cells are easy to operate, low on power and air consumption, and allow for a modular layout. The wide range of cell sizes up to 630 m3 enables a compact, economical, and efficient plant design without risk of short circuiting, even for todays high-tonnage operations.
TankCell flotation units are built to last. For instance, Outotec rotors and stators have proven to be the most wear-resistant available. The wide range of available cell sizes enables a compact, economical, and efficient plant design without risk of short circuiting, even for todays high-tonnage operations. Fewer units mean substantial savings in construction costs, piping, cables, instrumentation, and auxiliary equipment.
Mixing mechanism performance has a direct impact on the three key areas of flotation: metallurgical performance, energy consumption, and operating costs. The Outotec FloatForce mixing mechanism delivers measurable value in all of these areas. By improving flotation hydrodynamics and pumping performance at high air-dispersion rates, FloatForce enhances particle recovery in the flotation cell while also reducing power consumption and the risk of sanding.
Using a launder with the correct design and orientation for your specific application helps to ensure optimal metallurgical performance. We can design a froth managment solution that maximizes your flotation cell performance and gives you greater metallurgical control with the optimal lip length, froth area, and transportation distance for the specific cell duty, plus robustness for feed grade and capacity changes.
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Transformation: Stepping Forward (June 2021)
Updated: Aug 24
“One day or day one. You decide.” Unknown
We are surrounded by a world of change and the reality is, for many of us, we would rather others would change so that we may remain the same! But the world doesn’t work that way. In fact we are the beneficiaries of those who came before us who were willing to change and push new boundaries (science, technology, thought, arts, etc.).
There are many motives for change, but they largely fall into three categories: security, significance and acceptance. We have seen this prominently over the last couple of years as the entire human population has had to deal with change for the sake of personal and public health. We have also seen what we put our trust in and where we find our significance severely strained. The conclusion is that relationships and being connected are more important than personal gain; connected with this we have seen a change in how we value time and our use of it. It turns out that not all change is bad!
We have seen firsthand two attitudes to change (or something new): we can resist it, or we can embrace it. The picture is of dipping the toe or jumping in with two feet! I have noticed that as my boys have learned to swim, they have gone from sitting on the side with a look of fear and distrust, to jumping in with a scream of delight! What changed? Simply they came to realise that, not only is swimming fun, but they
can do new things. Sometimes these new things take practice. If you don’t believe me, just observe a young child and their willingness to try new things. Yes, they need encouragement, but when they realise their fears were misplaced, there is a joy and delight which can be infectious!
When we look at the arc of human engagement with God, through the lens of the Bible, we see every interaction with God bringing change and transformation. Whether it was Abraham leaving the comfort of his inheritance and family to go to a new place; Moses responding to the call which took him into the bear-pit of the Egyptian court; King David’s complete trust of God, even in heartbreaking situations and against incredible odds. The one thing that all these accounts have in common is that God sought people out, demonstrated he wanted a real and deep relationship with them; he asked them to trust him and let Him lead them to a new place.
Perhaps my favourite story of God leading people into change is the account of Joshua, who became the leader of the people of Israel after Moses. Not only did he have huge shoes (sandals!) to fill but he was cast into leadership at ‘the’ moment when God was seeking to fulfill his promise of deliverance and blessing. Gathered on the border of the promised land, God meets with Joshua and tells him to take courage, be strong, the LORD is with him! Joshua and the people had a choice. They could remain where they were (and some were tempted to leave!), or they could decide to pull up their tent-pegs and follow in the direction God had for them. They chose to pull up their tent-pegs; they chose to follow God. The result was blessing.
Whether you are a Christian, or looking in on Christian things, we all have a choice. Do we want to live ‘my way’ or God’s way? There is not a single instance in the Bible when God’s people are told to sit still or look back. The entire narrative of the Bible is forward focused; it is the image of being on a journey, being on the move, drawn closer to God. Similarly, the image of the church is of Jesus as its head, leading the way. At times it is tempting to sit down, get comfortable and look back. But we shouldn’t be deterred if the path isn’t always clear. As Martin Luther King Jr quipped,
“Faith is taking the first step even when you don’t see the whole staircase.” Jesus said, “I am the way, the truth, the life”. The invitation is for us to follow his way, let him determine truth and lead us to real life. We have a loving and generous God who put our needs first and demonstrated real love. Will we pull up the tent-pegs that are holding us back and allow him to lead us? Some in the church will be familiar with the word ‘sanctification’. It is allowing God to constantly transform us into his way. It means that we need to constantly remove the pegs that hold us back. Our community and church need to be open to being transformed by our living, loving God. Transformation is at the heart of the Lord’s Prayer… ‘ Your Kingdom Come; Your will be done’.
This is not a new, modern, or radical idea. Transformation has always been how church should be. Therefore, as a church we want to be a place for all people to belong and reflect the generosity and love of God. This means we are open to being transformed and led by Him and let him define security, significance and acceptance.
I am encouraged by some of the new things that have started at Padstow Church, the mixture of regulars and new people joining us. If you would like to get involved, please do get in touch. We have much to look forward to!
Every blessing
Revd Ian
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The government could be considering launching yet another consultation into the defined contribution (DC) charge cap in order to direct cash into the government’s “levelling up” agenda.
Yesterday evening (13 October), the
Financial Times reported the government was working on proposals to dilute the 0.75% ceiling on annual management fees in a bid to get schemes to invest more in long-term projects such as infrastructure schemes, renewable energy projects and innovative tech firms - investments commonly managed by private equity and venture capital firms, which often charge fees higher than the charge cap.
The article continued to note that performance fees would not be removed from the charge cap in their entirety, however, and any consultation would "seek a balance" that encouraged investment in illiquid assets with the potential for greater return.
This comes after the government has conducted a string of reviews into the charge cap and investment in illiquid investments over recent years.
In February 2019, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) launched a consultation on the consideration of illiquid assets and the development of scale in occupational DC schemes.
Last June, the DWP launched a review into the default fund charge cap - a review which concluded in January this year with it deciding not to make any changes at the current time.
As part of its Spring Budget, published on 3 March, the Treasury said it would consult again on DC investments - saying it wanted to encourage schemes to invest in "high-growth companies" and would seek to make it easier to do so under the auto-enrolment (AE) charge cap of 0.75%.
In its
Plan for Growth, the government said it wanted to remove disincentives for institutional investors, particularly DC schemes, to investing in a broader range of assets.
Following this, on 19 March, the DWP launched a consultation on how to incorporate performance fees within the charge cap.
The DWP's response to both its February 2019 and March 2021 consultations were published this summer (21 June) - a response which brought forward measures to, among other things, amend regulations to better enable schemes to pay performance fees, rule changes that came into force earlier this month.
This comes on top of work done by other bodies - including the Productive Finance Working Group, which published a report in September putting forward a number of recommendations on DC investment one of which looked at widening access to less liquid assets.
Fundamental issues
Cardano UK chief executive Kerrin Rosenberg said it was "encouraging" the government was considering how it can better incentivise pensions funds to invest in its 'levelling up' agenda but said there were challenges.
He said: "One fundamental issue is the extent to which trustees can hold unlisted investments. Most ‘levelling-up' assets such as large infrastructure projects are private, and require a long-term time frame. This is where UK pension funds are more challenged.
"The DC market seems to have converged to market practice that demands daily liquidity. This is done to allow members a choice, at all times, to switch their investments to another provider. Most trustees of DC schemes insist, therefore, that all assets are fully liquid and have a daily price. This is crazy, as most DC members will not be transferring the pensions and some exposure to illiquid assets could meet their long-term investment needs well."
Rosenberg added: "Dropping daily liquidity, pricing requirements and other impediments such as the very tight cap in investment costs imposed on AE schemes, could unlock a significant pool of funding. Illiquid investments typically come at a higher cost than their more liquid comparatives, which is not to say that these charge caps should be raised for all investments, liquid investments can be done at much lower costs.
"But if governments could incentivise a portion of clients' portfolios that could bear illiquidity and higher fees, that would be very helpful to those considering investing in ‘levelling-up' projects."
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Dr. Peter Ross, an internationally recognized ocean pollution expert, joined the Raincoast team this summer, bringing a wealth of relevant experience and knowledge that we are excited to have. We posed some questions to Peter to help you get to know him and give you a look at what’s to come with the new program he’s developing.
First off, what is your vision for the Healthy Waters program and what do you hope to accomplish?
Having long been witness to the impacts of pollutants on humans and wildlife, I feel that the time has come for us to collectively roll up our sleeves and do a better job of protecting our environment from chemicals. My hopes for the Healthy Waters initiative is that it demystifies the topic of pollution, brings communities to the table, and fosters the development of action-minded water stewards. Given the intimate connection between Indigenous people and the environment, I am hopeful that Healthy Waters will build trust and capacity in ways that ultimately protects the needs of salmon, whales and people.
How did you end up in contaminants research?
A pivotal moment for me was watching a television report on Tokyo air pollution that was so bad that police officers had to wear gas masks when directing traffic. My five-year old imagination quickly had this leading to an entire planet enshrouded in a toxic smog and people struggling to breathe. My concerns did not subside as I grew up, with a burgeoning chemical and plastic era, and wildlife falling victim to DDT, PCBs, dioxins, mercury and … debris. My work as a young researcher shone a light on acid rain, metals and toxic chemicals, with my graduate research providing ample evidence of consequent harm in fish, seals and whales. My personal and professional journeys have always been intertwined, with my interest in wildlife and the environment being juxtaposed onto a world increasingly impacted by industrial activities, rampant consumerism and the tragedy of the commons.
Can you tell us about your extensive experience and the scientific bonafides that you bring to our team and this program?
I have long pursued rigorous scientific research that supports policy, legislation and best practices, so as to enable practical conservation actions. As I look back at my research experiences in government, universities, and conservation organizations, I do not see ‘science for the sake of science’, but rather I see meaningful research that connects to Indigenous knowledge, conservation practice, and educational outreach. As my expertise grew, I became increasingly called upon as an Expert Witness in legal actions, as an Advisor to governments at different levels, and as an Expert Advisor to multilateral organizations on the global stage. While chagrined to witness widespread environmental decline during my lifetime, I remained optimistic that a more sustainable economic path was possible when I saw my science being used to protect species at risk, identify pollutants of concern in the environment, or contribute to the regulation of harmful chemicals on the marketplace.
Why is Raincoast the right organization for you to build this initiative?
A scientist can practice his or her wares in universities, governments, industry or in the NGO sector, but there are few host organizations where one can connect basic research with positive conservation outcomes. Raincoast stands apart in Canada, being one of the very few NGOs where research is not only valued, but pursued in alignment with Indigenous knowledge, community practice, and pragmatic conservation actions. As a result, Raincoast has become a creative conservation science powerhouse in the country. Raincoast’s track record is stellar, its team is nimble and smart, and its list of conservation wins is growing. With its ecosystem approach to studying bears, wolves, whales and salmon, Raincoast was a natural fit for an initiative that will protect British Columbia’s freshwater and saltwater environments. I am truly humbled and delighted to be part of the Raincoast team.
On a personal level, why is this work important to you?
Our global village is small and crowded, and protecting special places, species, and people will require an outside-the-box way of generating knowledge and enabling conservation. While some will wave their hands and jump up and down, others may simply give in. I have long held onto the notion that knowledge can lead to the wise application of conservation protections. The time is short. We don’t have to wait for the final verdict on a few priority files, but my commitment to Raincoast and its partners embodies something that we all need –
Healthy Waters. Canada has 20% of the world’s freshwater and 62% of its lakes – so why should we worry about pollution?
Canada may be blessed with an abundance of natural resources, including water, but the second largest nation in the world has its share of threats to the quantity and quality of water. As climate change impacts the availability of surface water for drinking, agricultural and industrial uses, an increasingly complex array of chemicals threatens to overwhelm regulators and pose health risks to people and wildlife. The legacy of rampant development and industrialization has left a scar of epic proportions, with acid rain, nutrient pollution and ‘forever chemicals’ tainting water for all. Poor drinking water quality threatens the health and well-being of Canadians from coast to coast, with fecal coliform, lead and cancer-causing disinfection byproducts found in a surprising proportion of homes. And water quality downstream of roads and cities is increasingly impacted by our domestic, transportation, agricultural and industrial activities, with sensitive salmon struggling to survive in areas previously considered to be pristine. With slope comes drainage, effectively connecting every home in British Columbia to the ocean. It was perhaps a shock, but not a surprise that I found BC’s killer whales to be the most contaminated marine mammals in the world. The lesson herein? It’s time to get to work protecting our water from harmful contaminants, and valuing the shared needs of salmon, whales and people.
There’s a photo of you with a seal – what’s the story with that?
‘Borrowing’ young harbour seals from their environment for 20 minutes allows me the opportunity to collect blood samples, take a small blubber biopsy and secure a few whiskers and some fur. My ‘lab animal’ of the ocean – the harbour seal a.k.a
Phoca vitulina – has led to dozens of scientific articles detailing trends in food web contamination, the effectiveness of regulations, and the emergence of new chemical concerns. Have you ever been bitten by a nonhuman animal during research? Spill.
My work on marine mammals as sentinels of ocean pollution began on Sable Island, Nova Scotia, where I live captured harbour seals to obtain blood samples. While these pinnipeds are patient and provide insight into the world of pollution, they can and do bite. The bites started on Sable Island, continued in the Netherlands during my PhD studies, and did not stop as I worked as a scientist in coastal British Columbia. They might bite out of fear, but they can also look you in the eye, nuzzle your fist and even doze briefly on your lap. If there is anything that I owe my career to, it would be the harbour seal. How many bites? Oh, probably 30 or so…and I deserved every one.
Become a Raincoaster
Giving to Raincoast enables you to protect what you love most.
For 25 years, Raincoast has been furthering biodiversity conservation in BC. Thanks to your generous donations, among many other accomplishments, we have been able to end commercial trophy hunting of large carnivores in over 38,000 square kilometers of the Great Bear Rainforest, begin acquiring forest land in order to protect threatened Coastal Douglas-fir ecosystems, aid recovery of endangered Southern Resident killer whales by restoring Chinook salmon habitat, and establish a university research lab dedicated to applied conservation science. Strong partnerships are integral to our success.
Our efforts need to be maintained and advanced, now more than ever. As the biodiversity and climate crises collide, your support allows us to continue to make tangible conservation gains.
Biodiversity protection is the most important gift we can give the next generation. Join us as a Raincoaster today!
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1. Lack of enforcement Whale watching operators and recreational fishers are routinely violating the 400-metre protection zone buffers around Southern Resident killer whales. Some Canadian whale watching operators cross the border to actively pursue Southern Resident killer whales in U.S. waters, despite having agreed in 2019 to the Transport Canada Sustainable Whale Watch Agreement (SWWA) that prohibits them from pursuing or offering tours of these whales in Canada. Violations of this agreement by a few operators are actions that undermine the measures and spirit of the agreement for the industry. Additionally, some recreational fishing vessels continued fishing within 400m and 200m of Southern Resident killer whales, refusing to lift their gear when asked to by Straitwatch. New regulations governing distance around Southern Resident killer whales came into effect in 2019. Since then, Canadian fisheries enforcement have been present in less than two percent of scans by Straitwatch. By comparison, U.S. federal and state authorities were observed monitoring vessel behaviour around Southern Resident killer whales roughly 20 percent of the time. The newly released data also shows some positive trends: from 2018 to 2020 – the period of increased regulations for vessels – there were significant declines in vessel numbers within 400 metres of Southern Resident killer whales: 71 percent for private vessels and 90 percent for commercial whale watching operators. The trend reflects the stronger federal regulations on distance and the Sustainable Whale Watch Agreement restricting commercial whale watching operators from pursuing Southern Resident killer whales. For more detailed information on the number and types of violations observed, review the 2018-2020 Straitwatch Report of Vessel Observations in the Presence of Southern Resident Killer Whales (PDF). 2. Enhanced federal protection measures
Beginning in 2019, the federal government has mandated increasingly enhanced protection measures for Southern Resident killer whales, including:
Distance:All watercraft vessels must remain 400 metres from Southern Resident killer whales in B.C. coastal waters from Campbell River to Ucluelet. Sanctuaries:No fishing or boating within Swiftsure Bank, Saturna Island and Pender Island interim sanctuary zones between June 1 and November 30. Foraging area fisheries closures: A portion of key foraging habitat is closed to salmon fishing during the late spring and early summer fishing season as a means to limit interactions between whales and fishing vessels. Chinook salmon: There are some restrictions in Chinook salmon fishing (both commercial and recreational) during the late spring period, although catch-and-release remains in place for recreational fisheries and targeted fishing of Chinook continues. 3. What more is required to protect Southern Resident killer whales? To apply more stringentenforcement of the minimum distance regulations for all vessels. To suspend authorizationsgiven to whale watching companies that continue to view Southern Resident killer whales in Canada and/or go into U.S. waters to view Southern Resident killer whales. To end targeted fishingof Chinook salmon in marine waters. To close the full extentof key Chinook foraging areas to all salmon fishing from March 1 to December 1. To create and implementa regional underwater noise management framework with noise reduction targets and timelines for implementation in annual steps to 2030. 4. Declines in Chinook salmon
The spring and early summer of 2021 was another year of critically low Fraser Chinook returns – the primary source of Chinook that bring Southern Residents to the Salish Sea. These periods of low abundance make it harder for Southern Residents to find the food they need to thrive. The average adult requires roughly 200-385 pounds a day to remain healthy.
5. Current Southern Resident killer whale population
As of October 2021, the 73 Southern Resident killer whales continue to struggle. Additionally, there have been fewer sightings of Southern Residents between May and September of this year – the months when members of J, K and L pods typically frequent the Canadian waters of the Salish Sea.
As of October 6, 2021, there are 73 Southern Resident killer whales in three matrilineal pods:
J-pod: 24 individuals K-pod: 17 individuals L-pod: 32 individuals 6. Recent deaths
This summer, 35-year-old K-21 (Cappuccino), the oldest male in the K-pod – the smallest of the three pods – was presumed dead. He was last spotted in late July, showing symptoms that were consistent with extreme starvation, also known as “peanut head,” and/or a chronic disease. The K-pod population is now smaller than when it was listed as endangered under the
Species at Risk Act in 2005.
In September of this year, matriarch L-47 (Marina) was presumed dead, leaving behind her three offspring and two grand-offspring. She was 47 years old.
7. Pregnancies
In September, Washington State wildlife officials confirmed there are three expectant mothers in J-pod: J36 (Alki), J37 (Hy’Shqa), and J19 (Shachi). However, between 2008 and 2018, the rate of failed Southern Resident killer whale pregnancies was greater than 66 percent.
9. Ongoing threats to Southern Resident killer whales Physical and acoustic disturbance: Southern Residents, like all killer whales, depend on sound to navigate; sense their environment; find food; communicate; and socialize. Noise and disturbance from marine vessels operating in Southern Resident killer whale critical habitat can interfere with these critical functions and, ultimately, lower successful hunting and feeding. During periods of low Chinook salmon abundance, noise and disturbance can further reduce successful foraging, contributing to nutritional stress. Declined prey availability: Southern Resident killer whales are “salmon eaters,” depending on Chinook salmon as their primary food source. Many of the Chinook populations in southern B.C. are threatened or endangered, yet fisheries continue to target and kill these Chinook in large numbers – often exceeding 100,000 fish, even in recent years. Targeted marine fishing of migrating Chinook salmon must end (i.e., no marine Chinook fishing that intercepts fish destined for Southern Resident killer whale feeding grounds). Contaminants: Southern Resident killer whales are one of the most contaminated marine mammals on the planet. Contaminants from human activities that end up in the marine environment have significant impacts on these whales and can also affect their main prey, Chinook salmon. One important source of these marine pollutants is located in Metro Vancouver: the Iona Wastewater Treatment plant. This facility only treats water to a primary level, removing about 50 percent of known contaminants. Once treated, this (undertreated) discharge is dumped directly into the Fraser River estuary, which is essential rearing habitat for juvenile Chinook salmon. Advanced tertiary wastewater treatment is required to stop these contaminants from reaching Southern Resident killer whale habitat. Metro Vancouver’s current plan is to upgrade the plant to tertiary treatment by 2034. This is four years after the regulatory deadline of 2030 for secondary treatment, and it is unclear if they have gotten federal approval for this delay. Become a Raincoaster
Giving to Raincoast enables you to protect what you love most.
For 25 years, Raincoast has been furthering biodiversity conservation in BC. Thanks to your generous donations, among many other accomplishments, we have been able to end commercial trophy hunting of large carnivores in over 38,000 square kilometers of the Great Bear Rainforest, begin acquiring forest land in order to protect threatened Coastal Douglas-fir ecosystems, aid recovery of endangered Southern Resident killer whales by restoring Chinook salmon habitat, and establish a university research lab dedicated to applied conservation science. Strong partnerships are integral to our success.
Our efforts need to be maintained and advanced, now more than ever. As the biodiversity and climate crises collide, your support allows us to continue to make tangible conservation gains.
Biodiversity protection is the most important gift we can give the next generation. Join us as a Raincoaster today!
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Aisha discovers two more acorns and shares them with Brady, who is 2 years old. Kate offers Aisha and Brady small bags they can use to collect more acorns and other interesting objects they find during the walk. The group’s progress around the block is slow as the children find twigs, old brown leaves, new green leaves, and more acorns to bring back to the center.
Become a leader in your professional association. Remember making mud pies and forts when you were a child? The outdoors is the perfect place for big projects that support STEM skills, such as building, sand and water play, and investigations of the natural world. Almost any indoor activity can be brought outside for further exploration. Ignite and fulfill your professional development goals! Discover the latest research and best practices, and engage with our diverse community of professionals! Popular Searches: DAP ; E-books ; Anti-Bias Education ; Online Store Learn about the collaborative initiative to advance a unified early childhood education profession. Explore standards , and view a list of accredited programs . Stay up-to-date on issues in early childhood education and hear perspectives from a wide range of educators. Council on School Health. 2013. “The Crucial Role of Recess in School.” Policy statement. Pediatrics 131 . s.aappublications.org/content/131/1/183 . As seen in the opening vignette, you don’t have to plan for science lessons when you take young children outside. Children are natural explorers and discoverers, and you can bring whatever interests them back to your early childhood setting for further exploration. By turning their questions into group inquiry projects, you’ll soon have several starting points for emergent curriculum. An acorn won’t grow quickly enough to satisfy a curious child—it takes two months for the first shoots to appear! But there are faster-growing seeds perfect for classroom experiments. Picture books like The Carrot Seed , by Ruth Krauss, and Growing Vegetable Soup , by Lois Ehlert, add early literacy to the mix while building children’s vocabulary and knowledge. Playing outdoors has benefits for both young children and educators. It’s a refreshing pause in the day’s schedule—time set aside to look and listen, explore and observe, move and let loose. Time spent outside can lead to better physical and mental health, improved sleep, and cognitive, social, and emotional gains for young children. Ensuring that outdoor play is an integral part of your child care and education setting’s daily schedule supports early learning across all domains and unleashes a whole lot of joy—for you and for children! Enhance your career and improve your knowledge, skills, and practices with our in-person and online training . Read about this initiative focused on equity in early childhood and find other equity-related content. Learn about NAEYC’s informed positions on significant issues affecting young children’s education and development. Join us at the members-only event and build your advocacy skills, expand your networks, and advance federal and state early childhood policy. Login to the Early Learning Accreditation Portal to It can be challenging to take young children outside—from naps to mealtimes and sunscreen to mittens, a trip outdoors might feel like too much hassle. Additionally, play outside may seem unruly, overwhelming, or lacking in learning opportunities. But outdoor play is worth the time and effort. Blog Forget the Playroom…Take Them Outside! Members Only Article Rocking and Rolling. Fresh Air, Fun, and Exploration: Why Outdoor Play Is Essential for Healthy Developmentالهواء النقي والمتعة والاستكشاف: أهمية اللعب الخارجي في التطور الصحي للأطفال Members Only Article 10x: Play in the Grass! Practical Considerations for Quality Outdoor Play Members Only Become a Member Support our efforts to secure a bright future for young children, educators, and families. Join or Renew Support NAEYC Donate to help NAEYC advance a strong and dynamic early childhood profession and connect educators to cutting-edge resources. Make a Donation Find Your Affiliate Connect with professionals in your community at conferences, networking events, advocacy efforts, leadership opportunities and more! Connect Get updates from NAEYC Get updates from NAEYC Email Facebook Twitter Instagram Youtube LinkedIn Pinterest About Mission & Strategic Direction Our Work People Careers @NAEYC Contact Us Your Early Childhood Career Early Childhood Career Center For Faculty & Students Advance your Career Higher Ed Programs Directory Professional Development Global Engagement Power to the Profession Resources and Favorites Books Young Children journal Teaching Young Children magazine For Families Hello—online community Shop FAQs Get Involved Annual Conference Professional Learning Institute Public Policy Forum Week of the Young Child Interest Forums & Online Communities Become an Accredited Center Trainings and Webinars Take Action Volunteer Advocate Donate Partner Sponsor Advertise Membership Benefits Join or Renew Membership Options Families Membership Contact Us Support FAQ Explore key early childhood topics such Developmentally Appropriate Practice, play, and math. Toddlers are all about challenging themselves to do new and difficult things—pet a dog, climb some stairs, venture a little farther away from a caregiver and then return. Playing outside provides opportunities to run faster, climb higher, jump farther, and more—all under the watchful eye of a caring adult. Explore jobs in the professional development opportunities. Develop grassroots efforts advancing early childhood in your community with these tools and resources. “Wow! That’s an acorn. It fell from the tree last fall,” Marissa answers. “If you plant it in the ground, it will grow into a big tree.” Read about NAEYC’s leadership , mission, values and beliefs , and strategic governance . Become an organizational or corporate partner to inspire early childhood education at the local and national level. Support our mission and reach the NAEYC audience through your advertisement, conference exhibit booth, or sponsorship. Rocking & Rolling is written by infant and toddler specialists and contributed by ZERO TO THREE, a nonprofit organization working to promote the health and development of infants and toddlers by translating research and knowledge into a range of practical tools and resources for use by the adults who influence the lives of young children. The column can be found online at /resources/pubs/yc/columns . Stay up to date with research-based, teacher-focused articles on birth to age 8 in our award-winning, peer-reviewed journal.
Access accreditation data on early learning and higher education program characteristics and quality for research purposes.
Deziel, S. 2017. “5 Reasons Why Every Kid Should Play Outside.” Today’s Parent . www.todaysparent.com/kids/kids-health/unexpected-benefits-of-outdoor-play/ . Kathy Kinsner, has been a reading specialist, an Emmy-winning producer on the PBS series Reading Rainbow , and the person in charge of curriculum development at non-profit Roads to Success. She has a master’s in education from Bowling Green State University and a master’s in television, radio, and film from Syracuse University. Currently, she is the senior manager of parenting resources at ZERO TO THREE. Celebrate young children and their families with hands-on activities encouraging movement and healthy lifestyles through music, food, and art. A study of 2- to 5-year-olds showed that children who play outdoors sleep better at night . This may be due to the physical activity, stress reduction, and exposure to natural light that come with playing outdoors . You may want to share this information with families—a tired, happy child is one who sleeps well! Research shows that older children are more attentive and productive in the classroom when recess—indoors or outdoors—is part of the school day . If older children need a brain break, it follows that younger ones do too. One-on-one interactions, like the conversation between Aisha and Marissa in the vignette, outdoor play articles help build a foundation for future teacher relationships that will occur when children enter school. Marissa’s interest and delight in Aisha’s discovery reinforce Aisha’s knowledge that she’s important and her ideas matter. Outdoor play also provides a chance to practice social and emotional skills with other children, including problem solving, turn taking, encouragement, self-control, safe risk taking, and following the rules of a game. And outdoor play provides opportunities to develop empathy; for example, imagine one child encouraging another to try the slide or a child comforting another who has fallen down while running. Stay current on all things related to your professional association, from book releases to policy updates. Yogman, M., A. Garner, J. Hutchinson, K. Hirsh-Pasek, & R.M. Golinkoff. 2018. “The Power of Play: A Pediatric Role in Enhancing Development.” Clinical Report. Pediatrics 142 : 1–18. s.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/142/3/e20182058… . Learn about our work with governments and NGOs around the world to support young children and their teachers. Contact us with your questions– we’re here to help! Coyle, K.J. 2011. Green Time for Sleep Time: Three Ways Nature and Outdoor Time Improve Your Child’s Sleep: A Guide for Parents and Caregivers . Reston, VA: National Wildlife Federation. www.nwf.org/~/media/PDFs/Be Out There/BeOutThere_GreenTimeforSleepTi… . You can use outdoor spaces to create intentional learning activities that are difficult to execute inside. There’s great value in looking at books about nature in the shade of a tree, pouring water at an outdoor water table, building extra large structures in the sandbox or mud, collecting leaves, watching a parade of ants, and playing pretend on a playground structure. To make the most of your outdoor time, think about creative, joyful, engaging activities that capitalize on children’s need to move and enthusiasm for doing so, while also achieving other curricular goals. For example, you might create a sorting game in which children have to find all the yellow balls and all the red balls hidden on the playground, then sort them into two groups. Join NAEYC’s team and help us advance the education of young children across the country. Join your professional membership association, explore local Affiliates, and access unbeatable member benefits. Search an ECE degree directory, explore professional standards, and join our community of practice. Deepen your professional knowledge wherever you are with NAEYC’s exciting webinar series and online and face-to-face training opportunities. Find a sponsorship opportunity that’s right for you and help support early childhood educators, parents, and other professionals. Find research-based resources, tips and ideas for families—from child development to reading, writing, music, math, and more! The obesity rate for US children ages 2 to 5 is 14 percent, and it rises to over 40 percent for middle-aged adults, leading to an increased risk of health problems like diabetes and heart disease . That’s one reason why the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends a “prescription for play” at every well-child visit through age 2 and Nemours Health and Prevention Services recommends daily, supervised outdoor time for children from birth to age 5 . Specifically, Nemours calls for toddlers to have at least 30 minutes of structured physical activity and at least 60 minutes of unstructured physical activity each day. Outdoor play is a great way to model the joy of physical activity. When children run, jump, climb, throw and kick balls, and ride toys that require balance, they also build gross motor skills and start developing a habit of being active. Discover the benefits of early childhood accreditation, learn about the four step process , find support and resources for your program or login to the accreditation portal . Engage with our policy agendas , , and current initiatives. Learn about and purchase the best books and resources to support young children’s learning and development. Hales, C.M., M.D. Carroll, C.D. Fryar, & C.L. Ogden. 2017. “Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults and Youth: United States, 2015–2016.” NCHS Data Brief #288. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics . www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db288.pdf . Rocking and Rolling. Fresh Air, Fun, outdoor play articles and Exploration Why Outdoor Play Is Essential for Healthy Development NAEYC Discover practical tips and innovative ideas for preschool teachers in our award-winning magazine. Hughes, D. 2009. Best Practices for Physical Activity: A Guide to Help Children Grow Up Healthy for Organizations Serving Children and Youth . Newark, DE: Nemours Health and Prevention Services. www.nemours.org/content/dam/nemours/www/filebox/service/preventive/nhps/paguidelines.pdf . You are here Home / Resources / Publications / Young Children / May 2019 / Rocking and Rolling. Fresh Air, Fun, and Exploration: Why Outdoor Play Is Essential for Healthy Development Kathy Kinsner Coteachers Marissa and Kate are out for a walk around the block with a small group of 18- to 30-month-olds. The sky is a brilliant blue and there are bright green grass shoots and spring leaves to touch and smell. Two-and-a-half-year-old Aisha approaches Marissa, eyes shining, clutching a treasured object in her hand. She uncurls her fingers to reveal an acorn. “ outdoor education scholarly articles L
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Best Pest Control Rosemead CA 91770 Say Goodbye To Pests Today!
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Speak With a Pest Control Expert Today! Exclusive Cockroach Control for your Home
If you have an infestation of roaches, it is best to get professional aid to get rid of the problem, as some home methods can be helpful for cockroach control. For beginners, you require to identify the roaches inside your home accurately. It’s much easier stated than done. These insects are extremely tough, and most of the time, they hide away from the light. They likewise do stagnate very quick.
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A commercial pest control company in Rosemead can be an excellent help as a convenient alternative to you employing your pest control services. Instead of needing to manage all the risks of health hazards, expensive damage, and more, a pest exterminator can do everything for you.
The secret to employing a
Rosemead commercial pest exterminator is very first to figure out the nature of the pests that infest your workplace or commercial building. It will require a thorough assessment of your workplace area to understand what type of pests or insects exist in your area. Once this has been figured out, you can get in touch with a credible California commercial pest control company to go over a treatment plan that will work. It will require you to offer the representative with a comprehensive description of the pests or insects that you believe might be present in your structure. Our Pest Control Services
Have Pest Issues? We Have the Solution! Our Pest Control specialists can address the complying with troubles:
Pest Control Termite Control Bed Bug Removal Ant Control Cockroach Control Mosquito Control Rodent Control Spider Control Rat Extermination Mice Control Bee Control Bat Extermination Raccoon Removal Tick Control Flea Control Emergency Pest Control Residential Pest Control Commercial Pest Control Trusted Rodent Control
Do you need to use pest control experts for rodent control in Rosemead? You might have read a bunch of scary stories about how they are destroying your home. The first one is something all of us have actually tried and trust that works whenever. I am speaking about natural pest control products that do not cost a lot of money and eliminate your pest without leaving a residue or smell.
Pest control products are sprays and traps that are utilized to control and eliminate pests. They work by spraying the areas that are infested with hazardous pests. Many of these sprays and traps come in granular kind that can be quickly applied straight to the contaminated area. Some traps can be found in the type of bait, such as dead animals, which are typically placed in areas where rodents and other pests are most likely to hang out. When a rodent activates the bait, it will bite into the bait and inject it with the poison. Rat and mouse bites are generally the most efficient with this type of pest control.
Find Pest Exterminators in Rosemead IMMEDIATELY.
IMMEDIATELY.
Reliable Termite Treatment
Termites control refers utmost value for homeowners. The primary factor behind that is that termites are among the substantial causes of damage to building materials, consisting of timber, wood products, and even brick and cement. They are capable of ruining a structure in as low as two years. It must be noted that many of the time, termite damage takes place due to external elements and not because of any internal damages in the structure.
For home treatments, natural treatments are without a doubt the most popular. It consists of using herbal components such as saw palmetto and other herbs. The treatment is intended at killing all the active parts of the termite. Nevertheless, there is one flaw in utilizing natural items as termite control. Although they are highly effective in decreasing termite damage, it’s still possible that you might not observe the impacts. Hence, you should watch out for termite tracks or damage on your walls and flooring. These are the most important hints to look out for as the best means of getting in touch with a trusted termite control company in Rosemead, CA.
Our 24 Hour Pest Management
Pest management is also called pest control, and the primary goal of this is to prevent pests or insects from having access to the building. There are lots of methods of pest management, and the chemical is also among the popular ones.
Chemical is also another method that you can pick, however with natural pest management, you require to make sure that it is not harmful to the people along with the environment. You also require to make certain that it is safe for the children. The pest management company should constantly have the expertise and knowledge of how to handle the scenario appropriately.
Natural pest management will assist you to avoid future infestations and minimize the costs of cleaning up the building. It also makes certain that the infestation is really less. It likewise reduces the threats of spreading out diseases and viruses in the environment. In this manner, the building will be healthy, and it will be able to draw in more customers and keep the worth of the building. If you are not comfortable with these methods, you can select the Rosemead pest management company that specializes in these natural pest control techniques and offer services.
Protect Your Rosemead House from Pests
Please call our 24-Hour Pest Pros at
(888) 408-2399 for additional information about our Pest Control solutions and rates as well as likewise obtain your House Inspection Report – Pests, Rodents & Termites.
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Our Story After earning my Certified Public Accountant (CPA) designation, I chose to build a practice that serves the tax and accounting needs of individual and small business clients. As the practice grew, I observed that many clients struggled in making financial decisions that often created unexpected and unwanted tax consequences. As a result, in 2001 I added financial planning and investment advice to the services we make available to our clients. By using a holistic approach to clients’ financial well-being, we are able to offer more comprehensive advice. Our recommendations are tailored to our clients’ values, short- term need, cash flow and long term goals – and helping them avoid inadvertent and negative tax consequences of financial decisions. In addition to being a CPA, I also hold the certification of Personal Financial Specialist (PFS). Issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AIPCA) exclusively to CPAs, the PFS is awarded to professionals who have proven expertise and experience in personal financial planning. I have developed/ established a team that comes to work each day with one purpose: to help our clients in every aspect of their financial lives. Our clients know that they can rely on us to provide objective advice and, as importantly, they can rely on us to listen closely to their concerns and answer their questions as quickly and completely as possible.*Investment and financial planning services are offered by Sarah Reames through her affiliation with Cambridge Investment Research Our Commitment
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We Need More Sustainability to Alleviate Social Injustices Campaigning for regenerative cities, supporting migrant entrepreneurship in Malta, or managing EU funds for a cleaner Baltic Sea – a multifaceted engagement for more sustainability sits at the core of Fiona Woo’s résumé. Her dream project: to co-design urban spaces together with local residents and businesses that keep people at the centre. Learn more about the new CSCP project manager in her own words! How did you come about to join the CSCP? Since my very first internship in the field of renewable energy, it has been important for me to find meaning in my work and to believe that I am contributing to making the world a better place for current and future generations. I was inspired by CSCP’s projects that tackled a wide range of sustainable consumption and production issues and its hands-on project work. Social and environmental sustainability sits at the core of my professional life, from campaigning for regenerative cities in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to supporting migrant entrepreneurship in Malta to managing EU funds for a cleaner Baltic Sea. These experiences share something in common with the CSCP – namely, the motivation to create opportunities for a good life for all people. The interdisciplinary perspective I have from my academic background in economics and political science is also something I see applied by the CSCP in its work. It is clear that sustainability informs your life and work substantially, can you explain more? Although my professional experience so far has been mainly in environmental sustainability, my work has always been driven by a passion for social justice. When heavy metals seep into groundwater due to a nearby mine, it is local communities that struggle to access clean drinking water. When climate change causes the annual crop yield to dry up, it is farmers who lose their livelihood. The effects of environmental damage are exacerbated in already vulnerable groups that have neither disposable income nor political clout to improve their situation. Advocating for more sustainable systems in my professional and private life is my way of trying to fight these injustices. We live in dynamic and unprecedented times. How can we ensure that sustainability is kept high on the agenda in current transformations and transitions? In democracies, citizens speak with ballots and ballots are the currency that policy makers listen very closely to. Those ballots are informed by public discourse, so we need to inspire broadly – across demographics and communities – to get people in different corners of society and the economy to talk about sustainability in specific contexts, for example, post-pandemic recovery. The more conversations are being had about these topics, the more they gather momentum and become normalised. I think this is how we can try to keep sustainability high on the agenda – by being visible and present. What is your sustainability dream project? A large part of valuable real estate in urban centres is distributed disproportionately to motor vehicles – namely, roads and parking spaces. Some cities, like Barcelona, Paris and Ottawa, have run pilot schemes like car-free districts or car-free Sundays. During the Covid-19 lockdowns, other cities like Berlin have experimented with pop-up (temporary) bike lanes. Along with the obvious health and environmental benefits, turning retail areas into pedestrian zones has been shown to direct more customers into businesses, thereby boosting the local economy. My dream sustainability project is to co-design urban space together with local residents and businesses that keep people, not automobiles, in focus. My dream is not to get rid of cars but rather to distribute space more equally for communities – spaces to spend time and play in, safe spaces to walk and bike in, and spaces for public transport. To wrap it up, what is your favourite sustainable lifestyle choice, habit or hack? I love the feeling of gliding through the city on a bike – even a city as hilly as Wuppertal. My new route to the office takes me onto the Nordbahntrasse – an old elevated railway that has been converted into a 22km car-free track for pedestrians, cyclists and rollerblades. A dream commute! For further questions, please contact Fiona Woo. Share tweet share share Engage Retweet Like on Twitter
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Probiotics are live microorganisms which when consumed in adequate amounts, can have a beneficial effect on the host. Lactic acid bacteria are the most common type that have been introduced as probiotics and are present in dairy products. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the probiotics from microbial flora of cow milk and its traditional yogurt in Khoi area. To achieve this goal, the lactic acid bacteria were isolated by phenotypic methods (cellular morphology, colony pigmentation, Gram staining, catalase test, biochemical tests including growth in different temperatures 10
oC, 15 oC and 45 oC, various concentrations 4% and 6.5% of salts and fermentation of 17 types of sugar) and their probiotic potential (resistant to stomach acid and bile salts) were evaluated. Then, to identify more accurately, the 16S rRNA gene of Lactobacilli were replicated with pairs of specific primers and then the purified PCR product was sent for gene sequencing. At the end, 14 strains of Lactobacilli were reported as the natural microbial flora with probiotic potential in Khoi area. These bacteria provide the good quality of the dairy products in those areas and can be used as the starter culture in industrial manufacture of dairy products.
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Brugha and Bruen (1) raise a number of compelling issues related to the interaction between politics and policy in the global health context. The first question that their views invite is whether this is, at heart, best characterized as a benign or malign influence. Many commentators have suggested that this overlap should be discouraged (2-4), while others advocate a decrease in ‘stove-piped’ or ‘siloed’ approaches to government, politics, and academia (5,6).
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Background: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an important neuropsychiatry complication of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). PPI therapy may increase the intestinal bacterial overgrowth and infections.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether PPI use in ACLF is associated with HE. Patients and Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed. Fifty five admitted patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) -related ACLF complicated by Stage II-IV HE developed after admission between January 2008 and December 2012 were matched (by sex, age, and MELD score) with comparable HBV-related ACLF patients (n=110) who did not develop this complication during hospitalization. We excluded combined HE upon admission and other neurological disorders in patients with ACLF. Univariate and multivariate analyses of 30 variables (laboratory examination, predisposition, treatment, etc.) before the occurrence of HE were carried out to identify the factors predictive of HE. Results: In univariate analysis, patients with HE in ACLF had a significantly higher rate of PPI use (89.1%) compared with non-HE (63.6%, P=0.001). In addition, clinical and standard laboratory variables were significantly different between the two groups regarding the infection rate, hyponatremia, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), Arginine Hydrochloride use and Lactulose use. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the combined effects of the variables with HE as the outcome. HE in ACLF was associated with hyponatremia (odds ratio (OR) =6.318, 95% confidence interval (CI) =2.803-14.241; P=0.000), PPI use was independently associated with HE (OR=4.392, CI=1.604-12.031; P=0.004), and lactulose use was protective (OR=0.294, CI=0.136-0.675; P=0.003). Conclusions: The occurrence of HE is associated with hyponatremia and PPI use in patients with ACLF.
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Trans-resveratrol is the most active form of resveratrol. Is associated with anti-ageing and powerful antioxidant activity. Inhibits oxidated LDL from entering the vascular wall. Its anti-inflammatory action provides free radical protection. Resveratrol is a phenolic compound and part of the family of flavonoids, known for their powerful antioxidant activity. It can inhibit the production of eicosanoids such as prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leucotrienes, compounds involved in inflammatory reactions and platelet aggregation.
Since the 1990s, the potential health benefits of resveratrol have been the subject of hundreds of studies.
As a result of
its protective properties and anti-ageing effects, resveratrol is a very popular antioxidant nutritional supplement. To obtain maximum benefit, choose the most active form - trans-resveratrol capsules, available to buy at Supersmart. It can be combined with other antioxidants as in the formulation AntiOxidant Synergy. You can also buy this resveratrol-like compound called pterostilbene. With very similar chemical structures, resveratrol and pterostilbene share many benefits including significant antioxidant potency. These antioxidant effects are offered by the formulation Resveratrol Synergy capsules, which contains both these compounds.
Daily serving: 2 capsules
Number of servings per bottle : 50
Quantity
Trans-resveratrol (1 000 mg extract of Polygonum cuspidatum which provides 20% transresveratrol) 200 mg Other ingredients: Acacia gum, white rice bran.
Halle Berry, Jennifer Aniston, Vanessa Paradis: how do A-list actresses manage to defy time and hold back the signs of ageing? Here we share 10 of their little secrets for maintaining a youthful appearance - without going under the knife.
Ageing is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors: DNA shortening, oxidative stress, glycation... Here we take a look at the ageing process, its causes, and the ways in which we can slow it down.
Antioxidants have been very popular for several years because of their ability, real or perceived, to help fight against ageing. But which of them offers the greatest potency?
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How To Use Swedish Dishcloths + How to Clean Swedish Dishcloths Swedish Dishcloths: How to use them and how to clean them? So what are Swedish Dishcloths?
So glad you asked! Swedish dishcloths are an eco-friendly alternative to your dish washing sponges, paper towels and microfiber towels. They were developed in Sweden and have been in use since the 50s. Swedish dishcloths are not your average tea towels. They are a combination of a sponge and a dish cloth. They are very absorbent and dry very quickly.
So why is that a problem?
On an average, Americans spend $5.7 billion dollars a year on paper towels for home use. An average family uses two rolls of paper towels per week. A majority of this is used for cleaning kitchen, soaking up spills, sanitizing bathrooms etc.
On the other hand, we throw away 400 million sponges every year.
400 million. I am just going to let that sink in!
Most of them have plastic components and they take centuries to break down. They are treated with chemicals that leach into our water, soil and finally into our bodies.
Similarly, paper towels are dumped into water sources polluting water and that affects marine life and humans alike.
What can we do?
This is where Swedish Dishcloths come in. Swedish dishcloths are a blend of 70% cellulose and 30% cotton. They can absorb up to 20x their weight in water. They dry so much quicker than the regular sponges.
While sponges that wreak the environment, Swedish dishcloths are biodegradable, reusable
And affordable. A study says one Swedish dishcloth can replace 17 rolls of paper towels and they last up to 200 washes in the washing machine.
The best part of it is that Swedish dishcloths don’t go in the trash. They go into the compost. When it’s time to throw them away, just put them in the compost along with your vegetable peels, grains etc. With time, the microorganisms in the soil will break the cellulose and cotton into simpler components. It’s really that easy.
10 ways to Use Swedish Dishcloths for all your cleaning needs
Swedish dishcloths are soft and are safe to use on almost any surface including your skin. Yes, you read that right! They are a great alternative to wash cloths.
Below are a few ways you can use Swedish dish cloths:
Cleaning glass, mirrors, and windows– Spray Windex or any cleaning solution and then wipe away with a Swedish dishcloth. You can also make a mixture of water and cleaning solution and soak the dishcloth in this. Granite countertops– Add dish soap and warm water to the dishcloth, lather and start cleaning. You would be amazed at how well this works! To do the dishes– Simply replace your regular sponge with a Swedish dishcloth. Voila! Sanitizing your bathroom– You can use these dishcloths to clean bathtubs, bathroom countertops, bathroom mirrors. You would be amazed at how well the Swedish dishcloth works. Its super absorbent nature helps you clean faster without wetting it a million times.
I usually go through one full roll of paper towel to clean and sanitize my bathroom. With Swedish dishcloths you can save one roll of paper towel and you can use the same dishcloth over and over! Given the fact that Swedish dishcloths dry so quickly, they work exceptionally well for these purposes. Just imagine the amount of paper towels we would just by using it only for the bathroom. This alone would save millions of paper towels. Just saying!!
Cleaning your kitchen- They can be used to clean kitchen cabinets that collect dust and grease. Just spray a little cleaning solution and wipe away all the grease and gunk. The colorful patterns on the Swedish dishcloth add a wonderful dimension to your kitchen To dust wooden furniture and appliances– Swedish dishcloths works great at cleaning the dust on furniture and appliances. You can get into every nook and corner because its thin and flexible. The best part is it’s super smooth and it’s not hard on the surface. Meaning no scratches on your valuable furniture and appliances. That’s not all, it gives streak free cleaning! Washing your car– You can use it to wash your car exactly like cleaning windows. It’s super smooth and streak free. Your car is safe just like your furniture and appliances! To wipe up spills and mess- Swedish dishcloths do an amazing job at wiping up spills and mess given the absorbent nature of the dishcloth. Gardener’s friend– They can also be used to wipe off the dirt and stains while gardening. Cleaning banister and stairs– Swedish dishcloths work so well when it comes to cleaning banisters and stairs. The thin shape and its flexible nature make it so easy to get into the crevices and intricate areas of the banister.
They can basically be used for anything and everything. You can get super creative with these Swedish dishcloths.
How to Clean the Swedish dishcloths?
Now that we have saved millions of paper towels, the next question that comes to our mind is how do I keep them clean and keep using them over and over again?
The answer is very simple. There are so many ways to wash Swedish dishcloths and they are all super easy. Since they dry easily, Swedish dishcloths are less likely to harbor bacteria. So, wash them only when necessary.
You can toss them in the washing machine. But avoid using fabric softeners as the chemicals make them less absorbent. Let them air dry after. You can rinse it out in water and let it air dry. Dishwasher is great way to clean them as well. You can just throw them on the top rack of the dishwasher, and you are good to go.
Swedish dishcloths can be used for almost anything from cleaning spill to washing your cars. They give streak free finish which is a plus compared to washcloths. It is always a headache to clean the lint leftovers while cleaning with a washcloth.
To make sure you are getting the most out of them, avoid using your Swedish dishcloths to scrub off stubborn food particles on pans and plates or rough surfaces. This can cause tears and shred your Swedish dishcloth. Use a kitchen brush for stubborn stains. Tip:
In a nutshell, Swedish dishcloths are user-friendly, easy to clean, easy to dry and lasts for a long time. They generally last between 6-9 moths. When it’s time to throw away remember they are biodegradable and toss them in the compost pile. The never see landfills in their lifetime. Cool, isn’t it?
Now that we have analyzed almost every single aspect of Swedish dishcloths, it’s time to stock up on them and save the environment. The best part is Swedish dishcloths are available in a variety of fun prints and colors. Add color and dimension to your space by investing in the Swedish dishcloths and trust me you will not be disappointed!
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Ms Caitlin Wiesen, UNDP Resident Representative in Việt Nam Việt Nam has experienced several decades of war and the country is still suffering from this legacy. Dioxin, or Agent Orange, remains one such challenge that the Government of Việt Nam and its citizens are still grappling with today. As Việt Nam reaches sixty years since the chemical was first used in the war in the country, it is important we do not forget the victims of this tragedy.
Dioxin or Agent Orange as it is often referred to, has had a devastating effect on generations of families in Việt Nam. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), "Dioxins are highly toxic and can cause reproductive and developmental problems, damage the immune system, interfere with hormones and also cause cancer." It has been estimated that 80 million litres of herbicide containing dioxin were spread in Việt Nam in the 1960s and early 1970s.
Today, on the 10th of August, we mark the 60th anniversary of Agent Orange being used for the first time in the war in Việt Nam. 'Agent Orange Awareness Day' is a day to remember the thousands of civilian Vietnamese citizens affected by the toxins spread across the country. It is also an opportunity to give credit to the many brave men and women, Vietnamese and foreigners, who have worked tirelessly and continue to work to this day, to reduce the impact of this deadly legacy of war. The impact has been felt most acutely by people using contaminated land and especially the many people – adults and children alike – who live with disabilities caused by these chemicals. On this day we reaffirm our stand with the Government of Việt Nam in raising deep concern about the persistent challenge of dioxin contamination despite the passing of several decades since the end of hostilities. To help address this issue the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Việt Nam has worked with the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment on dioxin contaminated hotspots in Đà Nẵng, Biên Hoà, and Phù Cát airbases removing barriers to effectively contain and/or remediate the highly toxic materials. The UNDP has also helped develop the National Action Plan, approved by the Prime Minister in 2012, on overcoming the grave consequences of toxic chemicals. This plan formed the basis of the Government's great achievements in the completion of dioxin remediation in Đà Nẵng airbase (2018) and the recent launch of a large dioxin treatment project in Biên Hoà airbase (2020). The UNDP also plans to deepen and expand the work with the Vietnamese Government in addressing the problem of dioxin and hazardous chemicals released from industrial activities.
As part of our ongoing efforts to address the legacies of war, UNDP has been working closely with the Government of Việt Nam to address the prevalence of unexploded ordnances (UXO) which continue to contaminate vast parts of Việt Nam. According to national studies, almost all 63 provinces and cities have been impacted, especially the central region. For the past four years our collaboration with the Ministry of Defence, the Việt Nam National Mine Action Centre, and the Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) has resulted in thousands of Explosive Ordnances being located and destroyed in Quảng Bình and Bình Định provinces. This successful triangular partnership also designed and completed the first province-level assessment of persons with disabilities, with 75,000 individuals agreeing to register themselves, including survivors from Explosive Ordnance accidents and dioxin contamination. Only a few weeks ago, on June 15, the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA), KOICA and the UNDP announced that the online platform developed to support data collection and subsequent case management is now available and can also be accessed via smartphones. Hence, what started as an innovation to help survivors from explosive ordnance accidents in some parts of Việt Nam to obtain disability certificates has now been scaled up for application nationwide for many more persons with disabilities.
The UNDP also continues its work to support the Government of Việt Nam, as a state party to the Convention of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, in many other areas which help persons with disabilities participate fully in social and economic life. This includes improvement of policies to implement the Law on Disabilities, as well as standards on best practices for victim assistance in mine action.
On this day, and as we reaffirm our commitment to work for a peaceful world that should never again see such devastating tragedies caused by dioxin, let us remember those who were and still are affected. Looking forward, the UNDP will continue to deepen our partnership with the Government of Việt Nam in two ways to address the legacies of war. Firstly, we will continue our collaboration on the remediation of dioxin and other hazardous chemicals. Secondly, we will deepen and expand our work on mine action and addressing UXO contamination which continues to be a major problem here in Việt Nam. Providing ongoing support to those still struggling with the consequences from war legacies is critical to ensuring no one is left behind at the core of the Sustainable Development Goals!
We encourage all persons with disabilities to access and register on the platform mentioned above. If you need assistance, then local social workers should be able to help. It can be accessed at the w ebsite or Agent Orange trial opens as woman seeks 'historic' ruling as first Vietnamese civilian victim Can President Lopez Obrador End Mexico’s Drug War? 20 years later, the legacies of 9/11 and the war on terror have just begun Lesson of the Day: ‘The U.S. War in Afghanistan: How It Started, and How It Ended’ New vaccine could help save critically endangered orange-bellied parrot McChrystal: ‘Impossible to Argue’ War on Terror Was Worth It Afghan Taliban Awash in Heroin Cash, a Troubling Turn for War Call of Duty Cold War update 1.23 today with Warzone Season 5 Reloaded patch next Victoria Cross hero Johnson Beharry on honouring legacy of Army slaves who served as equals Why Even Without KSM, New York Is Ground Zero in the Legal War on Terror Lured by Promises of Wealth, F.B.I. Agent Was Drawn Into Fraud Scheme, Prosecutors Say The Force Is Strong! See the First Teaser Trailer for Stars Wars: The Rise of Skywalker U.S. War in Afghanistan Ends as Final Evacuation Flights Depart Mark Hamill Says His 'Final Chapter' of Star Wars Will Be 'Bittersweet' Without Carrie Fisher Labour sets Boris Johnson deadline to honour Britain’s Cold War nuclear test veterans Cambridge University students reject Remembrance Day poppies saying they ‘GLORIFY WAR’ After Decades of War, ISIS and Al Qaeda Can Still Wreak Havoc Biden Plays the Long Game as He Justifies the End of the ‘Forever War’ Roger Federer’s Biggest Legacy? It Might Be His Billion-Dollar Brand. MLAs back motion to oppose Troubles legacy plans Agent Orange, a war legacy affecting generations have 1195 words, post on vietnamnews.vn at August 10, 2021. This is cached page on Talk Vietnam. If you want remove this page, please contact us.
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Miseducation: A History of Ignorance-Making in America and Abroad
reviewed by Craig A. Cunningham - May 22, 2017
Title: Miseducation: A History of Ignorance-Making in America and Abroad Author(s): A.J. Agnulo Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore ISBN: 1421419327, Pages: 384, Year: 2016
Search for book at Amazon.com
Agnotology is not a word that I had encountered prior to reading this expansive and provocative work. Coined in the 19th century as agnoiology by James Frederick Ferrier and revived in the 21st century by Robert Proctor, agnotology designates the systematic study of ignorance: its breadth and depth in populations, its origins and effects, and its conscious reproduction and dissolution. Agnotology also encompasses the methodologies used for studying ignorance: not only to understand its etiology and transmission, but also to harness proven methods of ignorance-making to preserve political or economic interests.
A.D. Angulo has personally spearheaded the application of agnotology to the history of education, and assembled for this book a diverse and skillful group of historians to examine ignorance in various historic, geographic, and methodological contexts. Fourteen fascinating and well-referenced chapters focus on how the legal system has promulgated ignorance, for example in the cases of slavery, sex, sexuality, evolution, and the environment, as well as how myth-making and ignorance-making go hand in hand around issues of class, identity, religion and history. It also discusses the global relationship between nationalism and ignorance, with instances in the US, Germany, the USSR, Israel, and China. Angulo frames the discussion in a helpful introduction and identifies some common themes and opportunities for further study in an incisive conclusion.
While ignorance is to some extent a
Perhaps most importantly, ignorance is also
But the production of ignorance is often not so obviously motivated by self-interest. The American media tried to serve the public interest (p. 37) through suppressing discussion of sexually-transmitted diseases, discussed in the chapter on sex and sexuality by Jennifer Burek Pierce and Matt Pierce, based on the belief that any discussion of sex would destroy the innocence of youth and encourage them to engage in premarital sex. Groups seeking to reduce the incidence of teenage sex have more recently pursued policies of abstinence-only sex education, believing that to discuss methods of birth control would increase interest in sex. Progressive education, eulogized by some as providing children with the opportunity to form their own personal knowledge through hands-on experiences and critical dialogue, often produces ignorance through a process described in the chapter on economic class by Daniel Perlstein as unlearning by doing (p. 135). The explicit promulgation of what might be called alternative facts through school textbooks, described in a chapter on faith and religion by Adam Laats and later in a chapter by Lisa Pine, can be seen from one perspective as blatantly disingenuous or even evil, while from another it can be understood as a vigorous defense of one set of religious or nationalistic beliefs over another. All textbooks are selective, choosing what to include, exclude, dismiss, or elaborate; whether they involve censorship is often a matter of judgment.
Situations that are complex in themselves or in how they are perceived are especially ripe for the promulgation of ignorance in a population, where the demand for simplification, undeniable certainty, or false optimism drown out the voices seeking nuance, subtlety, or the precision demanded by science. It can also be argued that scientific types often obfuscate reality by dismissing or ignoring the perspectives of those with more passionate or values-oriented views. This may be one source of the contemporary revolt against elites in some political contexts in America and abroad.
My only criticism of this book is that, while it mentions critical thinking numerous times, there is no discussion of the schools role in developing critical consciousness through critical pedagogy such as that advocated by Paolo Freire or Joel Spring. Even the chapter on class, which highlights the ways that some progressive schools served to discourage students engagement with their most pressing political and economic questions, and which emphasizes the need to imagine democratic communities, and encourage students thinking about the complexities of class (p. 136-37), stops short of offering specific pedagogical or curricular approaches. But rather than a limitation, this lacuna exemplifies the books generativity. On the whole, it is a masterful book that will help to define a subfield in the history of education and will also influence scholars who study educational law, policy, economics, psychology, and philosophy for years to come.
Proctor, R.N. & L. Schiebinger, eds. (2008).
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Toxicology is defined as the study of the nature, effects and treatments of poisons and toxins. While many poisonings lead to death, toxicology can also be used to establish if drugs were administered such as in the case of date rape. In his book, Invisible Evidence, Bill O’Brien explains how toxicologists look for and identify poisons and toxins.
What Kind of Poisons and Drugs can be Identified
A poison is any substance that can harm or kill a living being and includes alcohol and drugs as well as substances such as cyanide and arsenic. If a particular poison is suspected as being in a person’s body, there are often specific tests that can be carried out to identify it.
Poisons come in many forms and may be gas, liquid or solid, and animal, mineral or vegetable based. Poisons normally enter the body in one large quantity or repeated doses which build up to cause death. A toxin is fatal with the introduction of minute quantities and is not as easy to detect.
Some poisons dissipate from the blood quite quickly but may be detected if a hair sample is tested. Benzodiazepines fall into this category and are commonly used in date rapes.
Gas Chromatography and Identifying Poisons
Gas chromatography is basically the process of passing a vaporized sample in an inert gas, through a narrow tube filled with granules. The chemical components pass through the tube at different speeds and a sensor produces a graph that identifies the components. These are checked against charts that show the components and levels of any given substance.
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Retail
Posted by David Mascitto | September 21, 2021
Editor’s Note: This post was originally published in December 2017 and has been updated for freshness, accuracy and comprehensiveness.
To state that there are many order management systems (OMS) available in the world would be an understatement. Yet not all systems are built equally. It takes diligence, an intense focus on retailer needs and a zeal for depth and quality to get it right. Even more interesting is that several vendors make claims about being advanced order management systems, without clear substantiation. Definitely a noteworthy and important point.
What truly makes an advanced order management system and why would a retailer need one? Let’s look at the different marketing pitches that define advanced technology and see if they can truly improve your retail operation.
Technology vendors work hard to be perceived as offering an advanced order management system. Perhaps the pitch is that a system is the core of their unified commerce solution, but beyond needing just the OMS, you need all the parts that particular vendor supplies — how convenient. Or maybe advanced is equivalent to having the most beautiful graphical user interface, with the latest look and feel. Perhaps it is that their system was developed by the same people that brought the world the biggest database or most awards won by an AI, or some other such pitch.
Will you buy that? What’s really important to you as a retailer and system customer? You can do without the noise, the empty marketing or broken brand promises. What most customers want is a system that is extremely reliable, has massive scalability for Black Friday, Cyber Monday and pandemic-level peak order periods, and that provides advanced features that drive conversion, improve the customer experience and reduce costs.
In the end, choosing an OMS for your retail operation is about finding the right fit. I recommend looking beyond the marketing glitz and fancy interfaces to determine if the heart of the OMS will really make a difference for you and your customers.
October 14, 2021
Here are seven reasons why any retailer should not consider building their own order management system.
October 12, 2021
Returns provide brands and retailers the opportunity to delight their customers. But not all brands and retailers are seizing this opportunity.
August 31, 2021
Learn what retail ship-to-store is and why you need it as part of your omnichannel offering.
Subscribe to our blog and stay up-to-date with the latest supply chain news and resources.
1 Place Alexis NihonSuite 800Montreal, QC H3Z 3B8
Phone: 800 922 8649
Email: [email protected]
2021 © All Rights Reserved.
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Prosecutor, professor, and proven criminal justice reformer, Tali Farhadian Weinstein, is Mark’s guest on the podcast today. Tali came to America as a refugee in 1979, having fled the violence and ant-Semitism of revolutionary Iran, and went on to earn degrees from Yale College, Oxford University where she was a Rhodes Scholar, and Yale Law School. She has served as a Law Clerk for Judge Merrick B. Garland at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit, at the U.S. Supreme Court for Justice Sandra Day O’Connor, and most recently as the General Counsel of the Brooklyn District Attorney’s Office. She has taught immigration law and policy at Columbia Law School, is currently Adjunct Professor of Law and Adjunct Professor of Clinical Law at NYU Law School, and is also running for the position of Manhattan District Attorney, for which she has the full support of the Rabbi’s Husband. Tali has chosen the Talmudic text, Bava Metzia 30b, to discuss with Mark today.
Tali begins by sharing her summary of the selected text, the meaning it holds for her, and the rhythm and surprise that she finds within it. Together, she and Mark analyze the notion of going beyond or inside the letter of the law, as well as their differing readings of the text. This leads them to explore the learning and use of prosecutorial discretion, the lessons to be learned through visiting jails and prisons, and the human capacity for change. Tali draws their conversation to a close by recounting the lessons she has learned about mankind, and how they relate directly back to today’s selected text. Tali’s vast experience as a prosecutor and a professor combine strikingly here today as she shares her remarkable insights while drawing out both the questions and lessons inherent to this ‘awesome rabbinic passage’, and their very real and highly impactful application in our world today.
Quotes:
“They upheld the law rather than doing this thing of going beyond it or inside of it.”
“The passage you chose says we’re following Torah laws, therefore the worst thing happened.”
“This is my life’s work…to practice law enforcement in a way that is fair and just which is what I think this Talmudic text is trying to nudge us toward understanding.”
“Maybe what it means to go inside or beyond the letter of the law is to bring the learning from those acts of meeting people at their most vulnerable into law enforcement. And maybe that’s the source of knowing…when to pursue, when not to pursue - how to indict a case not just based on the facts but on your sense of justice.”
“There’s no way that even the author of the Torah, which is the greatest book ever written beyond compare, could anticipate every circumstance where law would have to be applied.”
“In the best interpretation of your tradition, develop your character…and in so doing, you will learn when and how to exercise prosecutorial discretion, among many other things.”
“I’m making a point about what happens in these acts, and in these human encounters of the kind that our text is urging us to make before we get into the business of law enforcement.”
“There’s a whole other way of learning that is demanded of us.”
“Study leads to action.”
“None of us should be defined by the very worst thing that we’ve done, or the very worst thing that we’ve experienced.”
“I’ve learned about people’s capacity for change and for complexity, and I believe in that very much.”
“New York needs you and wants you.”
Bava Metzia 30b - https://www.sefaria.org/Bava_Metzia.30b?lang=bi
Links:
The Rabbi’s Husband homepage: http://therabbishusband.com/
Mark’s Twitter: https://twitter.com/markgerson?lang=en
For More Information About African Mission Healthcare and to Donate visit: https://africanmissionhealthcare.org/donation/gerson-ubs-matching/
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Seema Kennedy: So you would say that what he said was untrue.
Seema Kennedy: What discussions she has had with the Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland on the terrorist threat in Northern Ireland.
Seema Kennedy: Although there is a need to remain vigilant about the threat of terrorism, does my right hon. Friend agree that it should not overshadow the great progress that has been made?
Seema Kennedy: To ask the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, what steps the Government is taking to ensure the pilot resettlement scheme for Chagos Islanders meets their requirements.
Seema Kennedy: To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, when she expects the Drinking Water Inspectorate to announce the findings of its investigations into the causes of the recent cryptosporidium water contamination.
Seema Kennedy: To ask the Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, what steps (a) her Department and (b) the Drinking Water Inspectorate are taking to ensure that utility companies take all reasonable measures to resolve efficiently and effectively (i) water contamination issues and (ii) cryptosporidium contamination.
Seema Kennedy: It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Alan. This is a question for both witnesses. You have spoken about the threat of action on the railways in particular. Do you have experience of people saying to you, “I am worried about the strike”, and perhaps changing their travel patterns and pushing traffic on to the roads and off the railways and the underground—all parts of...
Seema Kennedy: So you think overall that the threat of strikes can have a much broader effect that is perhaps difficult to quantify.
Seema Kennedy: In what people submit to you, do they talk about crowding, the stress in terms of organising their lives, business things and childcare, and about travelling on very crowded buses?
Seema Kennedy: We have.
Seema Kennedy: I want to go back to this picket supervisor code. If you have large public assemblies—even on things such as school trips, which I have supervised, I have to wear an orange tabard. Is it the actual armband that is causing the great objection? You might have thousands of people on the streets. Surely, just for public order, somebody needs to be able to identify who is in charge.
Seema Kennedy: Nobody wants to condone blacklisting—absolutely not—and it is very much to be welcomed that in the building industry we are moving away from that. [ Interruption. ] I sense some scepticism, looking at the Benches. But of course we want to move away from that; people should have the right to strike. I wonder whether there is an objection to the use of an armband particularly.
Seema Kennedy: I understand that, but this is a side issue of blacklisting, which the Government are consulting on—[ Interruption ]—they are. Just on the school trips issue, there are checks that one would have to go through; you need Disclosure and Barring Service checks, and things like that. Okay, perhaps it was not the best analogy. All I am saying is that in terms of public order—
Seema Kennedy: The thing is, we want to get rid of all days lost. Yes, of course it is a small proportion and getting smaller, and we want to tackle days lost through workplace injury and things like that as well, but even though it is a small proportion, it is still having an effect on our economy and it is still disrupting people’s lives, the way they organise their families and their travel. That and...
Seema Kennedy: I do not think that that has been said.
Seema Kennedy: Mr Rickhuss, in your written submission you bring out the point that you think that the Bill is going to put too much power in the hands of employers, but would you not agree that those affected by strikes in education and transport have no power at all? Also, when we have very low turnouts, those people are disproportionately powerful, because they can still bring a city to a standstill or...
Seema Kennedy: It is a pleasure to serve under your chairmanship, Sir Edward. Thank you to the witnesses. We have spoken about certainty and clarity in business. Of course, the most essential component of any business is the employees. Will the clear description of the trade dispute and the planned industrial action, which will now appear on the ballot papers, provide more clarity for union members and help...
Seema Kennedy: I do not understand what you mean.
Seema Kennedy: So you think that it is better for them to understand exactly what they are voting for—to give everybody in a business clarity. That would help to cement better relations between employers and employees.
Seema Kennedy: And this would be part of it.
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By Miranda Beebe, Head of Volunteer Management
Food banks are truly remarkable at connecting people with a passion to serve others – to come together and challenge injustice across the length and breadth of the UK. Every day in the network, we know thousands of volunteers turn up to stand alongside people experiencing crisis and show them solidarity and friendship.
Today, we want to put the spotlight on Worcester Foodbank, who we noticed had logged 5,500 hours amongst 87 volunteers since February, when they first started using the volunteer management system, Assemble. In reality, the number is far higher as the 5,500 doesn’t account for additional hours for collections, deliveries and staying late after shifts.
The impact of the pandemic
Throughout the pandemic, the food bank has been very busy, particularly in the winter with large volumes of everything – they had to get two additional storage sites in order to manage all the donations coming in. On top of the logistical hurdles, they were operating with just a third of their normal volunteer numbers because of social distancing measures, which also meant they couldn’t take on many new volunteers despite over 100 signing up to help. When reflecting on sheer volume of activity – the warehouses, the increase of deliveries, the running of the food bank – Ruth Allsopp, the Operations Coordinator, spoke about the consistency of the time and support they were able to provide to people in crisis with the help of their volunteers.
Ruth also talked about the frustrations with the pandemic around limiting the amount time they had to meet and chat with people who visited the food bank, either to donate food or receive support. They’re all looking forward to the more social aspects of food bank volunteering.
“We’ll all be happy for a quieter time when we can spend more time with clients again.”
Ruth
Going above and beyond
“The Team is always coming up with new ways to enhance our service, thinking of ways to make the best use of our donations.”
One example was thinking about Mother’s Day and Father’s Day this year. Having been inspired by seeing toiletry packs and certain non-food items being donated over the Christmas period, volunteers asked if they could make little treat bags to either give to people visiting the food bank as a gift from the food bank or as something people visiting the food bank could give to their own mother or father. The volunteers made notecards, explaining that this was a little extra for them to do with as they wanted and gave out the treat bags weeks in advance of the actual day in order to reach as many people as possible.
The sense of unity and empathy amongst the volunteers at Worcester Foodbank is strong, which the food bank fosters, led by Ruth. There are monthly newsletters for volunteers, emails when there are any policy or operational changes, and 20-minute briefings before each session, three times a week. The briefings are safe spaces for volunteers to raise any issues or questions, as well as sharing stories from people who visited the food bank. Building this sense of community amongst teams means they quickly pick up things from each other, and any changes or learnings are easily passed on.
Worcester Foodbank’s engaging social media accounts are also the result of a dedicated volunteer, who’s a PR and marketing professional by day. Ruth drops the volunteer an email each week on headline items, which are then translated into fresh content. The volunteer has also been key in building the relationship between the food bank and local media.
“Everyone goes above and beyond in what they’re doing.”
To Worcester Foodbank and anyone else empowered by their volunteers, we’re so proud to be supporting you to become places of transformation.
For more information on volunteering,
click here.
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Hong Kong, 21 March 2011 –The Japan Committee for UNICEF (JCU) has immediately provided targeted assistance, especially to children, on the ground through its network of partners and local partners in the aftermath of Japan’s triple catastrophe. According to JCU, disaster-affected children are in great need of psychosocial care. Child protection and health specialists from UNCIEF have been deployed to Japan while the Hong Kong Committee for UNCIEF (HKCU) has launched an appeal to assist in this critical phase of therelief operation. Funds raised for the relief efforts will go to building a child-friendly space and providing other child protection, education and psycho-social support through JCU.
A UNICEF field team were deployed to the affected prefectures last week in order to conduct an initial assessment and make critical decisions for the initial response, while UNICEF expertises in health, child protection and logistics from different country offices have been deployed to Japan to assist the relief operation. As of yesterday, 20 March 2011, half a million are living in evacuation centres. Among the evacuees, many children were unable to attend of their graduation ceremonies held in the affected areas yesterday.
Many disaster affected children are expected to be in great need of psychosocial careafter the traumatic experience in which they lost their family, friends, homes and learning opportunities. After discussion with local education department, JCU has decided to set up Child-Friendly Spaces (CFS) to provide psychosocial support to children and their families through supplies such as school–in–a–box, recreation kits, Early Childhood Development kits. 10-20 sets of each kit and bulks of visibility materials will arrive at Narita Airport from Copenhagen Supply Division tomorrow afternoon and be distributed to shelters on 23 and 24 March. JCU Staff andUNICEF’s Chief of Health from Somalia will meet with the education focal point at the Miyagi Prefectural Government to consult and assess the framework ofcooperation today.
On last Friday, JCU sent 2 trucks loaded with 13 tonnes of water each to distribution centre in Miyagi Prefecture, while another 10 tonnes of water will arrive at the evacuation centres in Sendai and Miyagi today. Local populations in Japan are facing snow, rain and extraordinarily cold weather currently, many of which lack adequate clothing, blankets and heating. Essential supplies such as underwear, sanitary napkins, school bags, stationary and shoes are also in great need. 80 packs of diapers, 200,000 pieces of children’s under-wears will be distributed to all evacuation centres in Miyagi.
“Hong Kong Committee for UNCIEF is working closely with JCU. According to colleagues from JCU, they have already raised 350million Japanese Yen for supporting the relief operation up until last Saturday (19 March). HKCU is going to ramp up responses to provide more support in children’s protection and psychosocial care,” said Ms Irene Chan, Chief Executive of Hong Kong Committee for UNICEF. “I hope Hong Kong people would all pass their blessings and contribute in building a haven for children affected in this triple catastrophe.”
The massive earthquake, tsunami and the nuclear crisis have claimed thousands of lives and caused damage on a massive scale. In all emergencies of such devastating magnitude, children are the most vulnerable. UNCEF offers support in the form of solidarity with the people of Japan in the aftermath of the unprecedented triple disaster.
Please donate now, to help UNICEF provide support to children coping with triple disaster!
Donation for Japan Emergency Relief:
2. Direct Bank- in
3. Cheque: Payable to “Hong Kong Committee for UNICEF” (Please send us the cheque with personal details with remark “Japan” at the back and send to “Hong Kong Committee for UNICEF, 3/F, 60 Blue Pool Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong.”)
4. PPS: Please use your contact number as the bill number. Entre UNICEF merchant code: 6012, and then select bill type 3 “emergency”.
(In the unusual event that donations to Japan exceed the needs, we will direct your gift to children in greatest need elsewhere.)
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Glutamine Post Workout: How to Decrease Your Recovery Time
You’ve just come back from the gym, you’re all sweaty, and you’re feeling great! Not only did you push yourself hard in your workout, but you feel happy because you’re making progress with your fitness goals.
So, you walk in the door, and the first thing that you think is “
What can I eat?” Your workout has drained your body of energy, so you NEED to put nutrients and energy back in your body.
What should you eat to refuel and recover? Do you need any specific nutrients to help post workout?
Three Essential Nutrients for After You Workout
After you exercise, your body is depleted of energy. In order to replenish and have the raw materials needed to build new muscles, your body needs two macronutrients: protein and carbohydrates. Here’s how they work to help you recover:
Protein — Muscles are made from protein. Your body NEEDS protein in order to repair the muscle fibers that have just been broken down during your workouts. Eating protein after a workout gives your body the amino acids necessary to make repairs and build MORE lean muscle fiber, so it’s important that you eat at least 20 grams of protein immediately after a workout.
Fast-acting protein like whey is ideal for quick nutrition, as it is digested and absorbed rapidly after you consume it. But, if you choose, you can mix in a slow-acting protein like casein in order to prolong the repair process. Or, if you don’t want a protein shake, you can just chow down on a steak, a grilled cheese, or a nice omelet!
BCAAs — If you’re getting your post-workout protein from meat, eggs, or cheese, it’s a good idea to supplement your post-workout meal with Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs). These are a specific type of amino acids that the body needs to build new muscles and refuel.
Consuming BCAAs will help to replenish the energy you have just burned during your workout. Adding BCAAs to your diet prevents muscle catabolism (breakdown), ensuring maximum muscle gain.
Whey protein is a rich source of BCAAs, which is why it is frequently recommended as an ideal post-workout protein.
Carbs — Carbohydrates are what your body uses for energy during exercise, so eating carbs after your workout will give your body the calories it needs to continue functioning well after the workout and replenish your energy stores.
It takes time to repair your body and replenish the burned energy, and fast-acting carbs (simple, not complex carbs–meaning with little dietary fiber) are ideal for quick energy. You only need a few hundred calories of carbs to refuel.
An ideal post-workout snack is a whey protein shake with an added banana or other fruit. For ideas, check out our recipe section.
Benefits of Glutamine Post Workout
While protein and carbs are essential for every workout, they might not be enough to help you fully recover, reduce inflammation, support your immune system or build the most muscle you can. Adding glutamine for muscle repair can support your recovery even more. .
If you have just blasted through a workout, here’s why it may be a good idea to add some glutamine post workout to your recovery plan.
Glutamine is one of the most important amino acids your body needs to function, as it helps to repair the muscles after you’ve worked hard, boosts your intestinal health, and enhances the function of both your brain and immune system.
Taking glutamine for muscle recovery is essential. The main reason is that glutamine is used up during physical activity. The more intense your workout, the more glutamine is used. It can take up to a week for your body to fully replenish the glutamine after a tough exercise session.
When your body does not have enough glutamine for recovery, soreness and pain linger much longer that you might like.
Other glutamine benefits include:
Promotes lean muscle synthesis.
Supports optimal healing after a workout or injury
Weight management
Immune function
Helps maintain a healthy weight.
Supports gut integrity and healthy digestion.
With all these benefits for keeping you healthy, why not add some glutamine to your post-workout routine?
How to Take Glutamine for Recovery
The simplest way to add glutamine to your routine is to take a glutamine supplement. You can either take the glutamine on its own or add it to your post-workout shake to provide your body with the amino acid needed to get those muscles back in working shape, and at a much faster rate.
If you are looking into a glutamine supplement, here’s what you need to know. You want to find a glutamine supplement that
ISN’T L-Glutamine, as this form of the amino acid is a cheap, synthetic version of glutamine.
Plus L-glutamine is impractical. It tends to be unstable in contact with water, heat, basic, or acidic solutions. This means you can’t mix it with any liquid or fruit, as this will denature the L-glutamine.
Ideally, you need a glutamine supplement called “Covalent Bonded Glutamine”, as this type of glutamine can withstand heat and is stable in all solutions.
How much glutamine should you take? The ideal dosage of glutamine is 3-6 grams per day. But, according to the experts, up to 20-30 grams per day is considered safe.
There are also some foods that are a good source of glutamine for recovery that you might want to consider adding to a post-workout meal.
If you want to add more glutamine to your diet, here are a few foods that contain this amino acid:
Cabbage Beets Wheat Milk Fish Diary products Eggs Beef Chicken Beans Parsley Spinach
Eat more of these foods, and you’ll give your body a lot of the glutamine it needs. Include at least three or four of these foods into your post-workout meal for optimum results.
While good nutrition is a good first step, glutamine is a great way to support optimal post-workout recovery. Whether you choose to take a supplement or just eat more glutamine-rich foods, your muscles and body will thank you.
References:
Stark M, Lukaszuk J, Prawitz A, Salacinski A. Protein timing and its effects on muscular hypertrophy and strength in individuals engaged in weight-training. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012;9(1):54.
Gleeson M. Dosing and efficacy of glutamine supplementation in human exercise and sport training.
J Nutr. 2008;138(10):2045S – 2049S.
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About Me
Dentitox Pro Ingredients - http://dentitoxpro.net/. There are few home made remedies for teeth bleaching that are the most effective for teeth stains. Bamboo powder, calcium carbonate, sodium chloride, and silica may be good removers of plaque and stains from the teeth.
When they are in the proper position, the portion of gel maybe leak of one's trays and exposed on the gum liner. It is unlikely for this to happen with customized trays, though it is appropriate. This can damage and irritation if not dealt who have. Simply wipe away excess gel with a cloth or perhaps finger, but be sure not to the containers.
The reason it has fast become so popular is considering that it is a comfortable in office or personal home procedure that does produce noticeable results for anyone. Tend to be three pores and skin whitening convention. The first is with office whitening usually done by a dentist or other trained certified. It involves any high quality peroxide gel which is applied to teeth using a custom made teeth pan. It takes about 20 minutes per session and takes up to five sessions to complete treatment. This particular really is the fastest and quickest whitening option and can cost you about $600 per visit.
In some country, publicized 30 times the normal concentration recommended to their teeth whitening products with regard to more functional. However, in other countries, they much allow these teeth whitening products in which mostly found the State to be out within market regarding the side effects and certain disadvantages that may put the buyer in to danger.
Amongst the array of systems to lighten the color of your teeth, a few broad categories are tray-based systems, whitening strips and paint-on liquids. The tray-based home Teeth Whitening will be the oldest method and used to be presented exclusively through dentists earlier, at a value of $300 to $500. The tray-based system has a mould in addition to whitening gel containing a peroxide-based bleaching agent. The mould is loaded with the gel and fitted over the more reduced and upper teeth, overnight every night for 1 month. The home versions available today over-the-counter may cost as little as $15.
Actually the other is truth. Brushing too hard or using a hardcore bristled toothbrush can actually brush away the enamel of your teeth over time. The thinner your enamel gets, the more the second layer with the tooth shows through. Unfortunately the second layer, known as the dentin layer, is a yellow or brownish color. Yellow showing through into your teeth is simply not the required result. So, if you want to keep the enamel, brush gently sufficient reason for a soft bristled brushwood.
There presently laser whitening, even called power bleaching. During this procedure a rubber dam is put over your teeth to guard the gums, and a bleaching gps is painted onto your teeth. A few years light or laser is shone for that teeth to activate mit. The light will increase the chemical reaction in the whitening product and the colour change could be achieved more rapidly using might sound. The effect of laser whitening is good, Dentitox Pro Drops teeth would make up in order to 5 or six shades brighter.
While previously mentioned scenario is fictional, the time not with grain of truth to it. Accept because a har reality. An individual's appearance is today very much important, andit is to do this reason that teeth whitening is enjoying huge praise. Thus, if needed want shed your odds of securing a career or purchase want to be able to regarded like a beautiful life partner, a teeth whitening treatment may possibly you you have to be pleasing additional people's see.
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It’s no secret that over 80% of Zebra’s revenue comes through the channel. We have always been a channel-first company, and we rely on our more than 10,000 partners around the world to deliver meaningful technology and business solutions to millions of public and private sector organizations.
That’s why we have declared September as “Partner Appreciation Month” – a celebration we hope to continue for years to come (with the company of other channel-focused vendors). We want the world to understand the value and the power of partnership, and we want to show our gratitude for the steadfast commitment our partners show to Zebra and its customers.
It just so happens that 2021 also marks the five-year anniversary of Zebra’s award-winning PartnerConnect program. So, we asked Caryn Scherer, Director of Zebra’s Global Channel Strategy, if she would be willing to divulge some of the channel team’s key learnings, best practices and future goals to help kickoff the celebration. Here’s what she had to say…
Your Edge Blog Team: First off, congratulations on the huge milestone with PartnerConnect! We know Zebra has had many partner programs over the years. But what would you say has been the cornerstone of the current program’s success? (Besides the partners, of course.)
Caryn: Everyone at Zebra is invested in building our channel ecosystem. Our partners serve as an extension of our internal sales, marketing, PR, engineering, and strategy teams. Because the entire organization is committed to their success, we have support from all levels within the organization, including the C-suite. This enables our team to develop and manage a program that, in turn, fully supports all partners in our ecosystem. It also gives our customers the flexibility to engage with the right partners for each project to give them the right solutions for their business challenges.
Your Edge Blog Team: What makes the current PartnerConnect program model different from other companies’ partner programs and even Zebra’s past partner programs?
Caryn: When we set out to create PartnerConnect, we didn’t just focus on Zebra’s business needs at the time or the existing partners in the programs. We were in the process of merging Zebra’s legacy partner program (PartnersFirst) and the Motorola Solutions Enterprise Program (PartnerEmpower.) So, we thought extensively about how we could best support them all in addition to the changing market needs: what new products we would have to deliver to help customers overcome their challenges as well as new routes to market. We knew we would be in uncharted territory in some cases. Industrial automation is a great example. Our program framework is flexible enough to be able to add an experienced ecosystem of partners who specialize in machine vision, fixed industrial scanning and more into PartnerConnect while still delivering the right value proposition for both those partners and the customers they serve.
Your Edge Blog Team: Did you restructure the channel enablement model, then?
Caryn: We have continually improved our channel enablement tools over the past five years, as it is extremely important to us to ensure our partners have everything they need to market, sell and support their customers. Our partner portal, Partner Gateway, provides a one-stop shop for all our PartnerConnect members. Partners’ sales teams can access product information, product comparisons, return on investment (ROI) calculators, vertical use case overviews, customer references, and training tools at their fingertips. Partners’ marketers can create their own assets using our media library for images and the copy blocks we provide for all our products. They can also utilize our co-marketing tool to co-brand our assets and make them their own. The more technical teams, such as pre-sales engineers, can access an easy-to-use tool we have built to help them configure solutions to meet customers’ needs. They can also access hours of technical training. In the coming months, we will be modernizing our portal to provide an even more personalized experience based on partners’ feedback. We are keeping a pulse on the channel to ensure we continually improve our processes and tools.
Your Edge Blog Team: Both Zebra and its partners have been credited with transforming the technology sector, vertical industries and customer efficiencies in many different ways. Can you talk a little bit about how Zebra’s channel ecosystem is structured to support innovation?
Caryn: In addition to our business model-based tracks, our partner program has product, vertical and solution-focused specializations that enable partners who meet a rigorous set of requirements to better support our customers in focused areas like Healthcare, RFID and Printer Supplies. Customers can find partners with these specialized qualifications using our Partner Locator. Their areas of expertise will be noted in their profiles. In some cases, these specialization track partners offer unique solutions that were collaboratively developed with Zebra based on specific customer or industry needs. For example, many have created software applications that leverage our hardware to deliver an optimal user or workflow experience.
Your Edge Blog Team: As Zebra’s global channel ecosystem continues to expand, how do you plan to adapt the PartnerConnect program? Will there be new specialization tracks? New resources? Tell us what you envision for the next five years.
Caryn: PartnerConnect will always be evolving as the needs of the ecosystem change. This year we added an Alliance track, revamped our radio frequency identification (RFID) specialization, and created a new track and specialization for industrial automation to support the new line of machine vision and fixed industrial scanning solutions we launched earlier in the year. With our recent acquisition of Fetch Robotics, we will once again look to evolve our channel program to meet the needs of that market. With all the changes happening in the world and in business, it is critical we continue to listen to our partners, our customers and the market. We conduct extensive research to ensure we are thoughtful in our changes and deliver an improved experience to all stakeholders.
Your Edge Blog Team: We know many vendors, like Zebra, are reassessing the strength of their partnerships right now. What’s the one most important thing channel program managers can do to grow their ecosystems and achieve more stability in their relationships and overall operations?
Caryn: Listen! Listen to your partners. Listen to the end users. Listen to the sales team. We spend a lot of time listening to our partners through surveys, councils, and other feedback mechanisms. This gives us the insights we need to adjust our channel program strategy which, at the end of the day, is all about ensuring partners have what they need to deliver the best solutions and experiences to customers. As a result of recent feedback, we’re currently transforming most of the tools and resources our partners leverage on a day-to-day basis to better support modern sales, engineering, marketing and implementation efforts. One of these key projects is what we are calling Channel Agility, which is dedicated to modernizing, transforming, and redefining our partners’ experiences with Zebra.
Your Edge Blog Team: Can you elaborate on that?
Caryn: Over the last three years Zebra has been continually improving the customer and partner experience through a corporate-wide initiative called Customer First. This is a key strategic initiative for Zebra which has support at the highest levels of the organization. We are driving this initiative through ongoing feedback mechanisms such as email and online surveys, live sessions with partners, advisory councils, and partner interviews. Much of this is real-time feedback on specific tools or interactions, which allows us to instantly address any concerns. We’re also monitoring key performance metrics that impact customers and gathering feedback from our employees who work directly with partners. This feedback is rolled up, prioritized and actioned through a Customer Experience Leadership Council, which is a cross-functional team comprised of leaders from all Zebra divisions. We want to ensure the entire organization remains focused on the end-to-end experience for our partners.
Your Edge Blog Team: If someone wants more information about the PartnerConnect program, should they visit the website? Or is there someone they can call?
Caryn: Yes, they can find more information about our program on our website. If they want to talk to someone about the program, they can call our Partner Interaction Center.
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Narrated by: Omari Newton Length: 5 hrs and 47 mins Release date: 09-30-21 Fired Up About Capitalism AudioBook Summary
There is no alternative to free-market capitalism. At least that’s what we’ve been told since the 1980s, when Margaret Thatcher first declared the debate over. Politicians daily declare it, journalists parrot it, talk show hosts acquiesce to it, rich people gloat about it, and regular people simply assume it.
Fired Up About Capitalism forcefully argues that this is nothing but a myth. Tom Malleson exposes the reality of contemporary capitalism – from the widening inequality between the 1 percent and the rest of society, to ecological devastation — and demonstrates that in fact there are many alternatives. By demonstrating a wide range of examples of alternatives from around the world, from the short-term and practical to the long-term and ambitious, Malleson shows that replacing contemporary capitalism is not pie-in-the-sky utopia, but a real possibility as long as enough of us fight back against injustice and insist that a better world is possible.
Download
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A person working night shift, which causes disruption to the circadian rhythm, is at greater risk of various disorders, accidents and misfortunes, including: Increased likelihood of obesity. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Higher risk of mood changes.
Write us Find us at the office
Tummino- Lawe street no. 102, 47134 Jerusalem, Palestine
Give us a ring
Devin Wohlman
+97 467 838 893 Mon - Fri, 7:00-15:00
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The Five Crucial Cs Of Pricing The Five Crucial Cs Of Pricing
When marketing executives make marketing choices, they need to think about the five C’s of marketing. The 5 C’s stand for Company, Customers, Collaborators, Competitors, and Climate. The five C’s act as a guideline once we are creating a advertising plan or devising a advertising strategy. Second-diploma value discriminationThe enterprise uses volume discounts which permits consumers to buy the next stock at a decreased worth. While this benefits the excessive-inventory buyer, it clearly hurts the low-stock buyer who’s compelled to pay a higher worth.
This contract sort specifies a goal cost, a target payment, minimal and maximum fees, and a charge adjustment formula. The contracting officer shall include in each letter contract the clauses required by this regulation for the kind of definitive contract contemplated and any further clauses identified to be acceptable for it. The contracting officer’s certification that the justification is correct and full to the best of the contracting officer’s information and belief. __________ pricing techniques lower the value of a product below value.
increased the value to gray markets while maintaining existing prices to blue markets. Differentiate the product in some way, even by packaging, so clients will see it as distinct. He has noticed over time that clients hold their high-mileage cars longer when the economy is doing poorly, creating demand for his maintenance and repair service.
307 Contract Clauses
For Free Services, the Subscription Term will be the interval during which you have an account to access the Free Services. “Free Services” means the Subscription Service or different merchandise or features made out there by us to you on an unpaid trial or free basis. “Billing Period” means the interval for which you agree to prepay fees beneath an Order Form. This could be the similar size as the Subscription Term specified in the Order Form, or it might be shorter. For instance, should you subscribe to the Subscription Service for a one yr Subscription Term, with a twelve month upfront fee, the Billing Period will be twelve months.
The value-plus-incentive-charge contract is a price-reimbursement contract that provides for the initially negotiated charge to be adjusted later by a formulation based mostly on the relationship of total allowable prices to total target prices. This contract sort specifies a goal price, a goal charge, minimal and most charges, and a payment adjustment formula. After contract efficiency, the payment payable to the contractor is decided in accordance with the formula.
603 Letter Contracts
We could terminate your subscription to the Free Services because of your inactivity. We could, without notice, evaluate and delete any Customer Data or Customer Materials that we determine in good religion violate these terms or the AUP, offered that, we’ve no obligation to prescreen, management, monitor or edit your Customer Data or Customer Materials. If you might be paying by bill, we’ll bill you not more than forty-5 days before the start of the Subscription Term and each subsequent Billing Period, and different instances through the Subscription Term when charges are payable. All quantities invoiced are due and payable inside thirty days from the date of the invoice, except in any other case specified within the Order Form. You could subscribe to further options of the Subscription Service by inserting an extra Order or activating the extra options from inside your HubSpot account (if this selection is made obtainable by us.). This Agreement will apply to all extra Order and all further options that you activate from within your HubSpot account.
See the ‘Notice of Non-Renewal’ part for information on the way to cancel your subscription. Unless otherwise specified in your Order, to forestall renewal of your subscription, you or we should give written discover of non-renewal. The deadline for sending this discover varies depending on the HubSpot product and version you could have subscribed to. For extra information on non-renewal notice durations, please see the Product Specific Terms. You is not going to be required to repay the Deduction Amount to us, offered that you just present us with a valid tax receipt verifying cost of the Deduction Amount to the relevant tax authority inside ninety days from the date of the invoice.
The contracting officer ought to consider using an economic value adjustment clause primarily based on price indexes of labor or materials under the circumstances and topic to approval as described in paragraphs and of this section. If all situations in paragraph of this section apply and the contracting officer determines that the usage of the clause at fifty two.216-four is inappropriate, the contracting officer may use an agency-prescribed clause as a substitute of the clause at 52.216-4. Before coming into into the contract, the contracting officer and contractor should agree in writing on the identification of the standard supplies and the corresponding line items to which the clause applies. If all circumstances in paragraph of this subsection apply and the contracting officer determines that the usage of the clause at 52.216-three is inappropriate, the contracting officer could use an company-prescribed clause as a substitute of the clause at 52.216-3.
When buying info technology and associated companies, consider the usage of modular contracting to scale back program danger (see 39.103). Performance-based mostly acquisition methods have to be used to the maximum extent practicable, if the contract or order is for services (see 37.102 and subpart 37.6). In common, the contracting officer does not synopsize orders underneath indefinite-delivery contracts; except see 16.505 and , and sixteen.505. The mixture of resources a contractor should have to perform expected task or supply order requirements. The contract shall state, if possible, the maximum limit of the contractor’s obligation to ship and the Government’s obligation to order. The contract may specify most or minimum quantities that the Government might order beneath every particular person order and the maximum that it could order during a specified time period.
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Money Management: The 2 Percent Rule
The 2 percent rule is a basic tenet of risk management (I prefer the terms "risk management" or "capital preservation" as they are more descriptive than "money management"). Even if the odds are stacked in your favor, it is inadvisable to risk a large portion of your capital on a single trade.
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Larry Hite, in Jack Schwager's Market Wizards (1989) . mentions two lessons learned from a friend:
Hite goes on describe his 1 percent rule which he applies to a wide range of markets. This has since been adapted by short-term equity traders as the 2 percent rule:
This means that a run of 10 consecutive losses would only consume 20% of your capital. It does not mean that you need to trade 50 different stocks -- your capital at risk is normally far less than the purchase price of the stock.
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Applying the 2 Percent Rule
Calculate 2 percent of your trading capital: your Capital at Risk
Deduct brokerage on the buy and sell to arrive at your Maximum Permissible Risk
Calculate your Risk per Share:
Deduct your stop-loss from the buy price and add a provision for slippage (not all stops are executed at the actual limit). For a short trade, the procedure is reversed: deduct the buy price from the stop-loss before adding slippage.
The Maximum Number of Shares is then calculated by dividing your Maximum Permissible Risk by the Risk per Share.
Imagine that your total share trading capital is $20,000 and your brokerage costs are fixed at $50 per trade.
Your Capital at Risk is: $20,000 * 2 percent = $400 per trade.
Deduct brokerage, on the buy and sell, and your Maximum Permissible Risk is: $400 - (2 * $50) = $300.
Calculate your Risk per Share:
If a stock is priced at $10.00 and you want to place a stop-loss at $9.50, then your risk is 50 cents per share.
Add slippage of say 25 cents and your Risk per Share increases to 75 cents per share.
The Maximum Number of Shares that you can buy is therefore:
$300 / $0.75 = 400 shares (at a cost of $4000)
Quick Test
Your capital is $20,000 and brokerage is reduced to $20 per trade. How many shares of $10.00 can you buy if you place your stop loss at $9.25? Apply the 2 percent rule.
Hint: Remember to allow for brokerage, on the buy and sell, and slippage (of say 25 cents/share).
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I’m not an expert of the winning lottery system to test because I haven’t played any lottery that has won me money at this point. There isn’t a large lottery prize and this piece isn’t a review of different programs. The subject is one that interests me, and I would like to write about my thoughts on the topic.
I’m sure I’m on a lot of list of email addresses and have recently received two emails which influenced my subsequent research and ideas about the topic. The first one I received was about winning the lottery using”the law of attraction. Maybe you’ve explored this possibility The law of attraction was the most talked about topic and many Internet products still are built on the principles of “The Secret”.
Win Lottery Jackpots with the Law of Attraction – How often do you hear someone who won a jackpot say “I knew I would be a winner the jackpot’? It’s true that the law of attraction really does have its place, and performs wonderfully. I know this through personal experience. I consider myself an expert on the subject, however I’m not sure how attraction functions specifically to produce precise results, like the lottery winnings. It could be, however this law needs total trust, and herein lies the issue. It is also true that many people are looking to draw results in their favor is another aspect.
Imagine this law of attraction in terms of a faith-based healing. It is evident that healing does take place without faith, and this law won’t draw you in unless you truly believe it will. In order to work properly
agenjuditogel this law demands you to see it as a rule of law just as strong as gravity’s law. Do you have the complete confidence in a law-of-attraction attraction lottery system that is a winner? Just the slightest hint of doubt reduces the chance. Win Lottery Jackpots with the Mathematical Formula – The another email I received suggested the math teacher might have an equation for winning lottery prizes to sell. People who know me may believe that this kind of lottery-winning system is the last thing I’d consider or recommend however, let’s consider this in a more objective way.
On the other hand even if a mathematical system was in place to accurately pick winning numbers, the greater number of people who use identical formulas in order to generate exact numbers will reduce the significance of the winning. (This is a funny scene from the film Bruce Almighty). However, mathematics is always the truth since numbers cannot be used to tell lying. I’m reminded by a short science fiction novel I read about the computers coming together in order to address the query “Is there a God?” The supercomputer replied, “Now there is.”
A simple roll of a dice results in a 1/6 number however the probabilities of a numerical chance for a lottery number can go to millions. It will require the skills of a mathematician, or perhaps that incredible super-cosmic computer this one in the multi-million haystack needle. Karma is the mysterious variable.
Here’s what I think about the article’s subject of the best winning lottery system that you can try. You can either try both or choose to use both.
The most likely way to win the jackpot of a lottery is to rely on an attraction law That is what I am confident. The best way to attaining the certainty needed to begin this law is to possess something tangible and credible like a mathematically proven lottery winning formula that works to your advantage. To have the best chances of winning a lottery jackpot, you should use this law to win it, and the mathematical formula could help focus your mind on achieving it. Concentrating your attention towards a goal you wish to attain is a key component of your law of attraction. it is the incredibly difficult selection of the numbers will be able to permanently imprint that goal in your mind.
The universe isn’t random and no part of it is completely random. Some thing can tip every balance, and the reason why a certain number is a part of the lottery winning sequence has been determined. To be a winner of a lottery you must allow fate to work in your direction.
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Assignment Agreement Australia3. prosince 2020 | Vít Zemčík | Nezařazené | Sdílet na Facebooku
An intellectual property transfer agreement is a document by which someone releases the intellectual property they have created, such as a work of art, a writing, a film. Computer code or other intellectual property („the work“) and offers or transfers all rights to another person. This type of agreement is used in situations where the author of the work („the ceding)is in good standing with the work used for other purposes and where the cedant is entitled not to retain rights to the work. Also pay attention to any tricks that the party that acquires your IP address might hire. There is one that we have seen several times … the party that acquires the investigation period as part of the IP transfer agreement agrees to pay a fee for the „purchase“ of the IP rights, but the purchaser of the investigation period takes no active action to sell products containing the investigation period. In fact, they may have purchased only the IP to prevent you from selling products based on your IP. In essence, this means that the buyer of the IP address receives it for free and that the seller of the IP address will never be properly compensated for his IP address! You can overcome this by including minimum licensing amounts in the IP allocation (so that if no product is ever sold, you get the „minimum license“ – regardless of your agreement. Our company wants to make sure that we have the IP that our employees have developed.
That is not what we have in our employment contract. The assignor must also accept the transfer of his moral rights during the investigation period. Moral rights are the right of a creator to control, protect and enforce the artistic integrity that exists during the investigation period. This also includes the right: the tenant must, upon request, pay the lessor all costs and charges that the lessor must pay to any representative or advisor by the landlord in connection with a proposed transfer or sublease. The types of IP frequently awarded are copyrights on creative work, trademarks and patentable discoveries and inventions. However, any type of IP can be assigned. IP transfer agreements may cover existing, partially finalized and future PIs (but only certain IP, z.B. copyright on maintenance persons that will be created in the future can be awarded as part of a copyright award).
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7 Reasons You’re Lazy and What You Can Do About It
You have been told you’re lazy or you may not be living up to your own expectations. It happens. It is a comfortable place to be. This applies to all aspects of your life, spiritual, professional and personal.
Do you ever feel lazy? Are you ever accused of being lazy? Today is the day you can learn about laziness and how to address it. Everyone knows what it’s like to feel lazy. Even the most successful people have lazy days.
The occasional lazy day isn’t an issue. But, when you’re constantly feeling lazy, you might need to take steps. Life is too short to waste. You’re not making the most of your time if you’re being lazy on a regular basis.
Are you lazy or just procrastinating? Are you really lazy? Maybe you’re just dreading what you need to do. The result is the same, but procrastination is often mistaken for laziness. Consider why you’re failing to take action. You might just have an issue with procrastination.
Now that you you recognize it, here is what you can do about it! Address the cause of your laziness and take control of your time with these strategies:
Low motivation.
Motivation is hard to generate without taking action. Motivation is more of a symptom than a cause. Take action and then motivation can follow. It’s not easy to act when you simply don’t feel like doing it, but it’s an important skill to develop.
Fatigue.
Fatigue can lead to laziness. It takes a certain amount of energy to do something and maintain a positive attitude. Imagine trying to get things done after a night of only three hours of sleep. Of course, you’re going to feel lazy. Get some rest if you need it, so you can start anew feeling refreshed.
A lack of interest.
Some tasks are boring or inconsequential to you. It’s like when your dad wanted you to clean out the garage. You probably didn’t care if the garage was clean or not as long as you could get to your bike without too much difficulty.
Ask yourself what the benefits are to you. Maybe you do gain something by taking this action. For example, you might not like practicing the piano, but you will improve and can play beautiful music in the future.
Hopelessness.
When you expect to fail, it’s not easy to feel excited and full of motivation about doing something. Laziness is often a symptom of hopelessness – the belief that your time and effort won’t make an impact on your life.
Prove to yourself that you can impact your life. Set a small goal and achieve it.
Indecisiveness.
Some people aren’t lazy. They just can’t make up their minds. You can’t take action if you don’t decide. Choosing something is better than choosing nothing. Pull the trigger and do the best you can. Things have a tendency to work out if you take action.
Think about your values and what you want to accomplish in your life. This can make one option stand out over another. If you truly can’t decide, rolling dice is better than standing still.
A lack of direction.
Do you have goals? Do you feel like you have a purpose in life? A lack of direction can lead to indecisiveness and a lack of motivation. Many people aren’t sure what to do with their lives and decide that doing nothing is better than doing the wrong thing. This is faulty thinking. Any progress is better than none. The longer you wait, the harder it is to get started.
Are you lazy? Or is it something else? It really doesn’t matter, as long as you know the reason for your lack of activity. Figure out what’s going on and get yourself back on track. You only have so many days on Earth. Use them to create the life you want to live!
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Numerous doctors recommend drugs having cannabis to patients experiencing such diseases as glaucoma, various sclerosis,
Medical marijuana for sale Canada,, and malignancy, other than a few others. Cannabis likewise gives the vim to the heart and the outcomes have been end up being much the same as an individual practicing consistently in the gym!
These days, cannabis is recognized as a medication. Cannabis is prohibited in numerous nations. Frequently, cannabis clients denied of the medication have been discovered to be forceful in nature. At the end of the day, cannabis is habit-forming mentally. The impact is very like steroids that are anabolic in nature. Likewise, addicts of a few hard medications have been discovered to be the wellsprings of major sociological or medical issues. Yet, an investigation has shown that cannabis clients are less inclined to make such aggravations. In excess of 400 synthetics establish cannabis. Cannabis has been utilized by numerous native individuals due to its psychoactive impacts. The essential psychoactive component in cannabis is ‘THC’ or tetrahydrocannabinol.
A lot of cannabis brown haze can unfavorably influence the circulatory strain measure and an individual can even swoon because of this impact. Individuals having a background marked by such medical issues like dissemination and heart issues, other than schizophrenia should thoroughly stay away from cannabis. Such individuals can have inconveniences regardless of whether they become detached smokers. Ongoing cannabis smokers experience the ill effects of cellular breakdown in the lungs, emphysema, and bronchitis. Besides
Accordingly, the most ideal approach to try not to be a cannabis fiend is to say ‘NO!’ to the medication the first run through ever. There is consistently the danger of a constant cannabis client taking to more unsafe psychoactive medications like cocaine and heroin.
The cannabis plant, Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica, is otherwise called hemp, cannabis, and maryjane. Cannabis is nicknamed differently as grass, gum, dope, spice, pot, smoke, puff, weed, weed, and ganja, other than the many different names. In spite of the boycotts, numerous adolescent have been discovered to be snared to cannabis across the globe.
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Is Your Dog Truly Aggressive Or Does It Just Look That Way?
So many Wind Lake pet owners call to explain to us how aggressive their canine is and ask if we can help. Dogs that bite and anti-social behavior are our specialties. First of all we try to get details of this “aggression” and 9 times out of 10 the canine is just pretending aggression. They can look pretty fearsome but often their problem is due to fear, shyness, dominance or just plain orneriness but they aren’t really aggressive in the sense most people perceive.
This display of aggression comes in many forms…dog to dog is pretty common and generally boils down to your canine not knowing how to play the right way with another dog. It shows aggression with snarling, growling and showing teeth and even barking when actually they are basically feeling I’m going to get you before you get me. It has nothing to do with being a dominant nasty dog. Rock’s can teach Wind Lake pets how to play using both a trainer and other dogs specifically used for playing with non-social dogs.
Many dogs are actually upset because of a lack of socialization. The canine has not had enough inter-action with other dogs, cats, children and/or other people… it doesn’t know what to do and this can develop into signs of aggression. They either haven’t learned proper social behavior or been exposed to enough life experiences in Wind Lake. Just because your dog may live with another dog does not make them social.
Dog to human aggression takes a little longer and begins with foundation commands and obedience training to the point where the dog accepts its handler as the alpha and therefore respects the orders it is given. This requires a good communication system between canine and owner.
Dogs that show aggression toward children can be worked with but should never be left alone with a child. You don’t want an injury to occur whether on purpose or by accident. Children living in Wind Lake or any city can be loud, wild, step on a dog’s tail or hurt them unintentionally and the dog may respond with tooth or nail. There are also steps that can be taken to get your pet to except cats although often it’s the cat that acts like a windup toy and the dog will pounce. These instances can be evaluated by a trained professional.
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Wildlife Remvoal Experts Offering Attic Restoration
Wild animals, especially those in enclosed spaces, can cause a lot of damage to your home. When bats, raccoons, squirrels or an opossum take residence in your attic, removing the animal can be the least of your concerns. Urine and feces left by a nesting rodent can create a number of health risks for your occupants.
If wildlife has run roughshod on your home’s insulation and the space as a whole, you’ll need to replace the insulation. Our restoration experts are committed to restoring your comfort with a fully sanitized living space. Once your attic has been cleaned and treated, our attic restoration team outfits your space with new insulation, leaving no sign of an infestation. Allow us to thoroughly treat every nook and cranny in your space and ensure that absolutely nothing is left behind.
Contact our specialists to keep your home safe from animal infestation. We proudly serve residential and commercial customers in Clearwater, St. Petersburg, Palm Harbor, Tierra Verde, and Dunedin, Florida.
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Creating 3D Printed Organs Using 3D Laser Scanning Services On Display at Free Exhibit
Without the help of
3D laser scanning services, creating 3D printed organs would be nearly impossible. Both of these technologies combined to create something that nothing else has been able to compete against. Creating 3D-printed organs can have many surprising benefits for doctors that you may not be aware of. Human cadavers are few and far between, which means that not all doctors get the same amount of practice, which can be crucial for a well-executed surgery.
Right now, 3D printed organs are being printed to go into a free exhibit at the Science Gallery. This exhibit combines art and science and allows guests to explore both. They would never have been able to set up any of this without the help of this incredible technology because there are no extra organs to spare.
This exhibit aims to understand whether or not organs can live outside of the human body. The future of the medical world is slowly changing, and artists are capturing that change with 3D laser scanning services and printing. Doctors are finally able to see things differently and find objects that can help them get to practice. Patients will be able to understand themselves more by seeing their ‘digital self.’
How the technology works
Before getting any human organs, a doctor or researcher would have to wait for a human cadaver to be available. There hasn’t been an influx making the human body hard to study. This also means artists showcasing replicas of the human body didn’t have access to human organs.
3D laser scanning services has opened up a massive way to get these parts. They can capture the information through data points and pictures and gather precise information on organs. The information is sent to a CAD program where the artist or doctor can thread together the images to complete a full 3D image.
From there, images can be sent to a 3D printer, which is like a massive computer with arms and nozzles. The printer reads the information like coordinates, and layer by layer, it prints out the data. It is much more accurate than trying to create a model by hand, and a lot of different materials can be used to create the replica.
Is this the best choice for artists?
More and more people are becoming aware of the tremendous benefits of 3D laser scanning services. This is also a great tool to pair with 3D printing. The duo is like nothing we have ever seen before. This may be one of the best combinations for artists trying to showcase things in the real world. More and more artists are adopting this technology and sharing our bodies in a different light.
Final thoughts
3D laser scanning services and 3D printing have proven useful tools for doctors and artists trying to showcase research to others. As technology grows and gets more advanced, we will see more things being done with this technology. It will lead to new advancements that we would never dream of.
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The New York Times has published a partisan political editorial that is beyond parody. They have alighted on the issue of global warming/climate change in order to attack the Republican party in an attempt to distract people from the US going to hell in a handcart under Barack Obama. It is the kind of trash that one would expect to be issued by Bob Ward and his fellow travellers. But then the lobby is so incestuous they almost certainly share notes and punchlines to use. It’s been a while since a fisking by the Mind, so here are some of the choice bits…
Former Vice President Dick Cheney has to be smiling. With one exception, none of the Republicans running for the Senate — including the 20 or so with a serious chance of winning — accept the scientific consensus that humans are largely responsible for global warming.
Err, that is because it is a consensus assembled around a belief rather than facts borne out by evidence.
The candidates are not simply rejecting solutions, like putting a price on carbon, though these, too, are demonized.
Perhaps because there is no logical basis for carbon pricing, it costs consumers a fortune for no good reason and is abused by large corporations to make huge sums of money without even having to reduce their emissions. It is a redistributive scam.
Some candidates are emphatic in their denial, like the Nevada Republican Sharron Angle, who flatly rejects “the man-caused climate change mantra of the left.” Others are merely wiggly, like California’s Carly Fiorina, who says, “I’m not sure.” Yet, over all (the exception being Mark Kirk in Illinois), the Republicans are huddled around an amazingly dismissive view of climate change.
Damn those pesky Republicans for wanting some kind of standard of proof before accepting the assertions of the climate change lobbyists.
A few may genuinely believe global warming is a left-wing plot.
Well, actually, most believe it is nothing more than the continuation of natural climate variation with various influences such as solar activity.
In one way or another, though, all are custodians of a strategy whose guiding principle has been to avoid debate about solutions to climate change by denying its existence — or at least by diminishing its importance.
It would be easy to clear this up in seconds if the New York Times and the ‘scientific consensus’ produced evidence that man is largely responsible for the changes in climate on this planet. Perhaps the problem is that they cannot produce such evidence, which is why they focus on attacking all counter arguments and steering clear of their own flimsy position.
Nothing, it seemed, could crack the administration’s denial — not Tony Blair of Britain and other leaders who took climate change seriously; not Mrs. Whitman (who eventually quit after being undercut by Mr. Cheney, who worked for the energy company Halliburton before he became vice president and received annual checks while in office); and certainly not the scientists.
No good climate change lobby smear is complete without painting someone as holding their view because they have been bought off by Big Oil or an energy company of some description. But it is so unoriginal and its repeated flawed use demonstrates the paucity of the lobby’s argument. What really makes me laugh is the ignorance of the NY Times, which fails to point out Halliburton cites two of its major areas of focus to be Carbon Capture & Storage and Unconventional Gas. Halliburton has a financial and strategic interest in the warmist argument so it can cash in on the kool aid to make money for its corporate shareholders. How thick is this NY Times editor?
In 2007, when the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change issued its most definitive statement on the human contribution to climate change,
Hahahahahahaha…
Mr. Cheney insisted that there was not enough evidence to just “sort of run out and try to slap together some policy that’s going to try to solve the problem.” To which Mrs. Whitman, by then in private life, said: “I don’t see how he can say that with a straight face anymore.”
Well, if its good enough for Mrs Whitman then it has to be good enough for us, right?
Until the end of the 1990s, Republicans could be counted on to join bipartisan solutions to environmental problems. Now they’ve disappeared in a fog of disinformation, an entire political party parroting the Cheney line.
Strangely enough the change in Republican attitudes has coincided with greater awareness of the flaws in the climate change lobby claims and factors such as Climategate. One would have thought that with all its investigative brilliance even the NY Times could work that one out. But perhaps they already have and just don’t want their readers to be better informed about the facts of climate change rather than the hysteria. And we thought the BBC was bad.
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Published by Autumn on June 30, 2021 What is at the heart of your motivation? As a kid with mixed heritage, I would hear comments of all the reasons why I was weird. As a result, I was so shy, bullied, and felt so misunderstood. I did not speak up and hated the idea of someone seeing me. Until one day in University, Sami who was part of the student union asked me to introduce myself. Instead, I kept stuttering, looked down, so embarrassed. He let me off the hook, and the remaining session, I felt so uncomfortable. He came up to
"How To Identify And Deal With Depression" by Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 15 January 2020, http://www.healthhub.sg Learn how to spot the signs of depression, get help and manage your mental wellbeing. Signs of Depression It is normal to feel sad when we lose a loved one, fail an exam, or even end a relationship. However, when feelings of sadness is prolonged and affects our daily lives, it is symptomatic of depression. Other signs of depression include: A loss of interest in activities previously enjoyed Weight loss or weight gain; or decrease or increase in appetite Difficulty falling asleep
"Diet Tips for Women's Health" by National Health Group, 25 May 2021, http://www.healthhub.sg Women’s Health and Cholesterol As women age, the risk of heart disease and osteoporosis increases, especially after menopause. The fatality rate for heart disease and stroke are 1 in 3 for women. But not many are aware of these 'silent killers' when it comes to women’s health. As a woman ages, her risk of heart disease increases, especially after menopause. After menopause, LDL-Cholesterol, the so-called 'bad' cholesterol levels rise and estrogen levels drop. A decline in estrogen plus an unhealthy lifestyle lead to an increase in heart
"Heart Health - Basic Dietary Guidelines" by Tan Tock Seng Hospital, 24 May 2021, http://www.healthhub.sg The following are basic dietary guidelines to help you make the right choices on foods to maintain a healthy heart. Moderate Your Sodium Intake Sauces, canned and processed foods contain a high content of sodium so a minimal amount of these products should be consumed. Taste your food first before adding salt or sauces. If necessary, do so sparingly. Avoid salted and preserved food, such as ikan bilis (dried anchovies), salted eggs, luncheon meat, sausages and ham. Ask for less gravy or sauce
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Autumn is a digital wealth, health and lifestyle solution. As an independent and bank agnostic platform, Autumn offers customers the best-in-class products in the marketplace. Our vision is to make a meaningful retirement accessible to more people. We harness the power of technology to integrate wellness with wealth management, making it easier for everyone to achieve their life goals.
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I was out walking my dog this morning and I met up with another dog owner. We started chatting about relationship marketing. I was trying to explain to him about social media and email and how people can relate to using those tools in relationship marketing. He came back to me and said, “I’m not…
Let me start off by asking you a question. Do you want to improve your business? Well if you do, I’m going to ask you to start thinking differently about know, like, and trust. Now, know, like and trust has been around for years. It’s been attributed to people like Mark Twain, Stephen Covey, and…
I started out yesterday morning, looking for some inspiration. It was the day I was running my second 5K in three years. This race was canceled last year. A few years ago I finished my first race in almost 40 years. I ran it in about 42 minutes, which was kind of disappointing. This year,…
It’s been about a year since this pandemic hit the United States. It’s been a wild ride. I think all of us are missing hugs, and meetings, and networking, and in-person human interaction of all kinds. In order to get back to a little bit of what I consider to be normal, vaccination is going…
Let’s jump in the way-back machine and go all the way back to December 2019. Lord knows that, back then, everything looked rosy. It was going to be a great year, right? Well, for some of us it’s been a great year, for others it hasn’t. But one of the things that has happened is…
During this time, we’re spending a lot of our energy trying to avoid a virus. We’re wearing the masks, we’re not going out as much, we’re washing our hands, we’re sanitizing, everything. But in the marketing space, it’s completely the opposite. We want our stuff to go viral. One of the books I’ve listened to…
In this current business environment, things have changed. A lot of networking has gone virtual, meaning we are attending lots of Zoom meetings. I’ve kept up with most of my regular groups and I’ve added a few new ones where I’ve met some great people. In the new ones, I’ve started to build credibility and…
Some of you may be too young to remember this, but I, certainly am not. We used to have this thing sitting on our desk that flipped open. It would either pop open or maybe even roll back into the machine, and it had a little wheel on it. As you turned the wheel, it…
I had someone contact me after reading my first book. It’s called, “It’s Not About You, It’s About Bacon“, but the main concept is “Relationship Marketing in a Social Media World!“. He commented back and said, “You want me to do more networking?” The answer I gave him was “Yes.” He was thinking I meant…
Face-To-Face Networking I don’t know about you, but I still find a lot of value in face-to-face networking. I like to get out at least once a week and go to a networking meeting. Meeting new people, learning about new businesses, and learning new things is exciting for me. There’s a lot of interesting people,…
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by Amy Kirtland
This past summer I was a guest speaker at Las Chicas de Matematicas, a week long in-residence math camp for high school girls, held at the University of Northern Colorado. The goal of the camp is to introduce college level math to high school students while also exposing them to campus life and working professionals who use math in their careers. The young women from previous years’ camps had requested that an architect speak at this year’s camp, and that’s where I enter the story.
I was asked to speak about my career as an architect, how I use math in my daily work-life, and how I balance my professional and personal life. Considering that over 10 years of my professional career have been spent at Barrett Studio, I decided to use the studio’s design work as a focus for my presentation. At Barrett Studio we “listen to the land,” using climatic and site factors as informers of design. This can include data gathering and analysis of weather patterns, calculating sun angles, GIS mapping, and good old time spent on site as an observer. The data we collect and the experiences we have inform and directly influence the design of the structure, sometimes quite figuratively.
As I began to assemble the slides and piece my presentation together, it evolved from a discussion of site analysis into a discussion of nature’s beauty and biomimicry – taking inspiration from or emulating nature and its processes, through examination, to solve human problems – as design formulator. Biomimicry in architecture can be a formal or morphic study, or the investigation of a natural system can become more complex and include mathematics or processes. Below are a few images of biomimicry within our work and other architects’ work.
The Milwaukee Art Museum mimics a bird in flight as its kinetic brise-soleil unfurls day and night.
During and after my presentation, the girls were very engaged and asking lots of questions…I had piqued their interests! They were particularly intrigued by the Casa Viento windsurfing retreat and how we used and abstracted not only the physical form of the cactus, but also its internal mechanisms. The exotic location of the retreat was also a point of interest for the students. It is always refreshing to see raised hands and wide open eyes when you finish a presentation. I wanted to show these students that architecture can combine art, science, and math to create unique spaces that we inhabit and experience life within. I’ve found that thoughtful design can be aesthetically pleasing, functionally adept, and intellectually stimulating. Perhaps the architecture I presented germinated the seed in the next budding architect!
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Heart failure is an increasingly prevalent cause of death world-wide, but the genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of this disease remain poorly understood. Our laboratory is interested in combining in vitro, in vivo and computational techniques to identify novel markers and predictors of a failing heart. In particular, we leverage mouse populations to perform systems-level analyses with a focus on co-expression network modeling and DNA methylation, following up in primary cell culture and CRISPR-engineered mouse lines to validate our candidate genes and identify potential molecular mechanisms of disease progression and amelioration.
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Machine learning models are constructed differently from traditional quantitative models.
Two Types of Traditional Prediction Models
In the first type of traditional prediction model, the input data set along with statistical assumptions and calculations determine the prediction algorithm. The input data set is analyzed (or “fitted to the data”) using statistical techniques. The prediction algorithm that is the one best suited to describing the data as determined by the statistical analysis.
The second type of traditional prediction model uses an explicit set of rules (e.g., if X then Y) to transform the inputs into a prediction. Instead of the prediction algorithm being “discovered” through statistical calculations, these rules are usually ones that are known by experts in the prediction domain (e.g., the medical knowledge physicians have in diagnosing/predicting a disease).
Machine Learning Models
In contrast to the traditional quant prediction models, machine learning prediction models are developed in two steps.
In the first step, a machine learning model is trained. In this training step the input data, the historical results associated with these inputs,
and a training algorithm are used to iteratively arrive at the prediction algorithm.
At the end of the first step, the model is “trained” and is now ready to make predictions.
In the second step, the prediction step, the trained machine learning model uses the prediction algorithm arrived at in the training step to transform new inputs into predictions.
You may have noticed that I’ve used “model”, and “algorithm”. Is there a difference? This gets us to some terminology that’s useful to have in mind when you read about machine learning.
A
model is a mathematical expression that transforms inputs into outputs. The model by itself cannot be used to calculate a result. To do so requires fixing the model’s parameter values. In traditional approaches, the parameter values are fixed based on statistical calculations. In machine learning the parameter values are fixed in the process of training the model. Without its parameter values specified, a model is a structure, a shell, a high-level directive for transforming inputs into outputs. With the parameter values specified, the model can be used to generate specific predictions.
An
algorithm is a recipe — a clearly defined step by step by step process — for turning a set of inputs into an output.
A
prediction algorithm is the specific mathematical expression that results once the parameter values of the model are fixed. In machine learning these parameter values are fixed during the iterative training process which itself proceeds by using an algorithm. The most common of these training algorithms is called gradient descent.
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Student Engagement
The Peru State College vision notes that "Educational engagement is an active approach to teaching and learning that considers the diversity of students and creates a culture of ownership, inclusion and leadership. It empowers all students and employees to connect personally with the educational experience, others and society by creating opportunities for direct involvement in learning. Engaged educators and learners seek to understand and respect multiple perspectives in the search for solutions to problems through inquiry and research. This process facilitates the discovery of new ideas and better practices. These discoveries, along with continuous reflection and a commitment to service, foster a culture of innovation resulting in progressive change that benefits society."
Faculty and staff are committed to creating engaged learning opportunities for students. Topics in this section include; Funding Opportunities
Two funding opportunities are available to faculty include:
Snyder Cultural Understanding Endowed Fund – Request for Proposals Student Engagement Enhancement Initiative Funds Information Resources Campus Compact Campus Compact advances "the public purposes of over 1,000 colleges and universities by deepening their ability to improve community life and to educate students for civic and social responsibility." For Further Reading Professor Goldilocks and the Three Boundaries:As I think about my undergraduate mentor, it is precisely because of her professionalism, warmth, and mentorship that I still turn to her to help me navigate the waters of working in higher education. Why Won't They Ask Us for Help? (Lammers, 2017): We gathered from what these focus groups reported that the most effective and direct way for instructors to encourage students to seek help is an honest review of our behaviors and a willingness to adapt our teaching styles so that we appear more transparent and accommodating to students. In truth, most of us are available, approachable, and ready to provide help. We just need to constantly remind ourselves to regularly communicate these qualities to our students.
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The University of Bristol is globally recognised for the quality of its research, as evidenced by the Research Excellence Framework 2014 which ranked Bristol among the UK’s top research universities. In order to maintain and uphold the high standards of our research, we continue to undertake initiatives to ensure that integrity, ethics and excellence are at the core of our research activities and fully embedded in our research culture.
The University of Bristol is committed to meeting the commitments of Universities UK’s concordat (PDF, 372kB) to support Research Integrity, 2019. The Commitments described in the Concordat are listed here as headings, with information about those activities undertaken at the University in support of each of them:
We are actively engaged in protecting the rights, dignity, health, safety and privacy of research participants, the welfare of animals and the integrity of the environment. As a centre for properly conducted, high quality research, the University is also committed to protecting the health, safety, rights and academic freedom of researchers as well as the reputation of the University.
The University’s quality assurance framework for research conduct includes:
Research Integrity is a core element of the role of the Research Governance Team and we are in the process of creating Integrity specialist roles within the team. This agenda is also supported by the Research Improvement Group, led by Professor Marcus Munafo; Academic Lead for Research Improvement.
We continuously look for opportunities to further improve all areas of research integrity; harnessing current activity and recognising that future developments for students, researchers, supervisors and research managers should be harmonised by joint working. The University offers training & development opportunities for staff and students e.g. staff development courses covering ethics and integrity delivered for CREATE and early career researchers. Programme-specific postgraduate workshops are run in close collaboration with course leaders and sessions with a focus on research ethics and integrity are delivered for school away days in addition to annual Faculty Research Ethics Committee member training.
Clear and effective policies in this area have been in place for a number of years; policies are routinely reviewed and updated to ensure that they meet all relevant requirements and are reflected in current practice.
The University investigated one allegation of potential research misconduct in each of the years 2015, 2016 and 2017.
We have developed an integrated internal approach to support and nurture research integrity with input from multi-professional teams and senior management oversight that can be evidenced against UKRI expectations and the UK Research Integrity Office Self-assessment Tool.
Externally, active membership of the Russell Group Research Integrity Forum enables us to share best practice and benchmark against activity within the HEI sector.
Policies, regulations and guidance provide the framework in which we deliver our commitment to research integrity. These include:
These are integrated into our governance and administrative processes and training programmes to ensure they are an active and recognisable part of our research culture. We will continue to strengthen this culture and would welcome any questions, suggestions or concerns about research integrity at the University of Bristol. Please contact me through our Research Governance Team: [email protected].
Professor PC Taylor, Pro Vice-Chancellor for Research and Enterprise
University of Bristol, October 2020.
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Many people dread the thought of damage to their smile more than they dread the thought of breaking a bone or needing surgery. While some may consider this crazy, think about this: you only get one set of permanent teeth. If something happens to one of your permanent teeth to cause severe damage, your smile …
Emergency Dentistry
For many people, a dental emergency is a stressful and terrifying situation. Adults understand that we only get one set of permanent teeth, and if something happens to damage a permanent tooth, it can be detrimental and can constitute a true dental emergency. Parents also understand that damage to any of your child’s baby teeth …
Many times, people tend to overlook the complexities of their entire bodies. The human body is a complex machine with thousands of working parts to keep it functioning properly. One of the most amazing things about the human body is how it gives us “warning signs” when something is amiss. The body’s alert system is …
Dr. Patel and Dr. Finot at Buford Family Dental would like to wish everyone a happy fall y’all! We hope your festivities are filled with fun and everyone remains safe while out trick-or-treating. However, we do know that sometimes accidents happen during this active time of year. If you have a dental emergency, and you …
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Like most other commodities in the markets, crude oil prices have routinely experienced wild price fluctuations alternating between times of high scarcity, high demand and high prices and periods of supply, low demand and depressed prices. These so-called crude oil "price cycles" tend to last for several years, depending on variables such as oil demand, volume of oil drilled, processed and sold by the largest producers.
Since the first days of commercial production in Baku, Azerbaijan, these price fluctuations have been triggered by economic and political events, technological advances and changes in the petroleum industry, and continue to affect prices today.
Crude Oil Price History: 1
861-Present
1800-1869: Early Black Gold Rush
The modern oil industry traces its roots to Baku where the first commercial refinery was established in 1837 to distill oil for heating and lighting kerosene
The first modern oil well was lowered in Baku in 1846 to a depth of 21 meters, the only oil field accounting for more than 90% of global production, and most of the oil found its way to Persia (today's Iran).
Several commercial oil wells soon followed:
– Poland – 1854 [19659002] – Bucharest, Romania – 1857
– Ontario, Canada – 1858
– Pennsylvania, USA – 1859
Pennsylvania was the epicenter of the first black gold rush, and produced almost 50% of the world's oil. Prices quickly shot up from $ 0.49 per barrel in 1861 to $ 6.59 per barrel in 1865, representing a massive rise of 1,245% in just four years.
1870-1913: The auto revolution
While some economists claim that the modern oil industry only accelerated after World War II with the creation of the Marshall Plan – part of which was a deal on a free board price for all players – others claim that the incorporation of Standard Oil Co by John D Rockefeller in 1870 in Ohio was the real launch pad for the industry.
Related: EIA Sharply Cuts Oil Price Forecast
Standard Oil rose rapidly to prominence over the next two decades, driving down prices and buying up competition. The company was so successful that it controlled nearly 90% of refined oil in the United States by 1890. As production continued to expand in both the United States and Russia, global oil prices fell from an average of $ 2.56 per barrel in 1876 to just $ 0. , 56 in 1892. This was further accelerated by the launch of the first commercial cars in Germany and the United States in 1896, a technological revolution that would bring unprecedented growth for the industry.
1901-1911: Rise of the oil majorors
Many of the modern oil majors can trace their origins to the early 20th century.
– The discovery of oil in Spindletop, Texas, led to the establishment of Texaco and Gulf Oil in 1901
– Increased competitive pressure led to Shell and Royal Dutch merging in 1907 to form Royal Dutch / Shell
– BP , formerly known as the Anglo-Persian Oil Company, was incorporated in 1908 following the discovery of oil in Iran
– Chevron, Exxon and Mobil (now Exxon Mobil) ca I left it in 1911 after the split of Standard Oil Co following an antitrust- Order of the United States Supreme Court
The seven oil targets controlled 85% of the world's oil reserves during their golden years in the 1970s.
1914-1949: Oil discoveries, wars, crises
The discovery of oil in Cushing, Oklahoma, in 1912 is considered an important milestone for the US oil industry because the region grew to become one of the most important oil fields in the country. In particular, it was also the settlement point for the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil price, a leading global benchmark for oil prices.
The next four and a half decades were a turbulent period marked by a series of major wars and economic crises, all of which would have an important impact on oil prices.
First was WWI (1914-1918), which pushed global demand for oil more than doubled the price of oil from $ 0.81 per barrel in 1914 to $ 1.98 at the end of the war. Demand continued to grow even after the war ended, mainly driven by the ever-increasing popularity of the car and a gas shortage in the US west coast. First, prices rose to $ 3.07 per barrel before retiring and stabilized around $ 1.61 as production increased.
Around this time, oil companies began to explore other uses of the commodity, including commercial production of plastics. However, prices remained relatively low despite the additional demand created by these applications, mainly due to a combination of fierce competition and ample supply. Meanwhile, the largest oil finds elsewhere continued to keep markets awake with the commodity including Venezuela, Iraq, the USSR, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and the Gulf of Mexico.
The discovery of oil in East Texas in 1930 was one of the major highlights of this period because it helped create an oil plane that coincided with the Great Depression, which consequently depressed prices from $ 1.19 in 1930 to $ 0.65 in 1931. It took the intervention of the Texas Railroad Commission, which forced production quotas to stabilize prices and prevent further declines.
Just like WWI, the beginning of World War II in 1939 also helped to get demand and goose prices. However, the impact was less pronounced this time due to ample global supply. Nevertheless, the war governments made urgent attention to the need to control the reserves, and it will clearly appear in their actions over the next few decades.
1950-2003: Struggle to control production
The end of the Second World War would usher in a period in which many countries made a concerted effort to swing global oil production, with several governments nationalizing oil infrastructure.
Between 1950 and 1960, Iran, Indonesia and Saudi Arabia all partially nationalized their oil industry. The Suez crisis of 1956-57 caused Egypt to seize the Suez Canal through which almost five percent of the world's oil flowed through.
However, it was the United States and the USSR that would emerge as the biggest heavyweights in terms of production control. In the late 1950s, the Soviet Union began to flood the market with cheap oil, leading to price cuts from the main years in an attempt to remain competitive. In response to these developments, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait and Venezuela joined forces to form OPEC as a means to lower competition between their countries, and also as a means to have greater impact on supply control.
OPEC continued to expand its membership over the next two decades with the UAE, Libya, Indonesia, Qatar, Nigeria, Algeria, Gabon and Ecuador to join the organization. Between 1960 and 1976 most of these countries took control of their oil reserves by buying out or forcibly taking shares from the oil years.
The United States and the USSR continued to shed weight, but soon the influence of OPEC shifted. In 1973, OPEC members embargoed countries supporting Israel in the Yom Kippur War. Consequently, oil prices shot up to levels never seen before, from $ 2.48 per barrel in 1972 to $ 11.58 in 1974 and even higher in parts of the United States.
Related: Is the US Gas Boom Already Over?
It was around this time when oil was discovered in the North Sea in a region controlled by the United Kingdom and Norway. Oil from this area is referred to as Brent crude and is used in conjunction with WTI to calculate prices.
Iran cut production sharply during the Iranian revolution (1970-1980) and also during the Iran-Iraq war 1980-1988 which led to a rise in prices to $ 36.83. However, prices fell again due to demand shocks and increased output from the Soviet Union, which became the world's largest producer in 1988. Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, leading to the Gulf War. This created a major supply shock, which led to prices jumping from $ 14.98 per barrel before the war to $ 41.00 in September 1991.
The 1990s witnessed wild price fluctuations. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, precipitating the collapse of the Russian oil sector with production halved over the next decade, mainly due to reduced investment. However, global demand also dropped in 1997 due to the Asian financial crisis, but managed to recover at the turn of the century as the region's economic outlook improved.
2003 – Today: Hydraulic fracturing and a changing landscape
This next decade witnessed some of the most spectacular oil price explosions.
The United States invaded Iraq in 2003, leading to supply uncertainties. This was further boosted by massive demand growth from Asia and China. Consequently, prices jumped from $ 28.38 per barrel in July 2000 to $ 146.02 in July 2008.
From there, prices fell due to the global financial crisis in 2008 before staging a comeback. The Arab Spring of 2011 created a shortage of supply and helped push prices to $ 126.48 per barrel.
Recent technological advances have significantly changed the global oil landscape. Hydraulic failure has pushed the US to the top of the pack again, reducing the impact of OPEC and depressing prices. Flooding of the US slate market has led to a sharp fall in global oil prices, from $ 114.84 per barrel in June 2014 to $ 28.47 in January 2016. OPEC has sought to improve glut by merging with non- OPEC countries such as Russia to carry out production cuts. Consequently, prices have come back somewhat, but have never approached levels in the last decade.
Now that the United States acts as the new "swing manufacturer," OPEC's influence and ability to control prices will remain diminished. The unresolved US-China trade war as well as geopolitical uncertainty in Iran, Syria and other countries have contributed to goose prices from below $ 30 per barrel to $ 54.70 in October 2019. But with still high levels of shale production and a weakening of the world economy , prices are expected to be subdued with prices estimated at an average of $ 66 per barrel in 2019 and $ 65 per barrel in 2020.
By Alex Kimani for Oilprice.com
More top reading from Oilprice.com:!
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Transforming Religious Liberties: A New Theory of Religious Rights for National and International Legal Systems
S. I. Strong (Autor)
DescripcióReligious liberties are at the centre of many debates on how liberal democratic societies can accommodate diversity. This book considers the interaction between law and religion from a broad international, comparative and jurisprudential perspective and proposes a new theoretical approach to religious liberty that both transcends and transforms current approaches to religious rights. Not only does the discussion draw on the work of a range of legal and political philosophers including John Rawls, Ronald Dworkin and John Finnis, it also tests the validity of the various proposals against actual 'hard cases' derived from multiple jurisdictions. In so doing, the analysis overcomes longstanding challenges to existing religious rights regimes and identifies a new theoretical paradigm that specifically addresses the challenges associated with religiously pluralist societies. Through this type of interdisciplinary analysis, the book identifies a religio-legal system that both religious and non-religious people can support. Detalls del producte
Editorial
Cambridge University Press
Data de publicació
13 de Desembre de 2018
Idioma
Anglès
Tipus
Rústica
EAN/UPC
9781316631294
Matèries IBIC: Obtingues ingressos recomanant llibres
Genera ingressos compartint enllaços dels teus llibres favorits a través del programa d’afiliats.Uneix-te al programa d’afiliats
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Well being & Fitness Magazines
Effectively, we have now all grown up listening to our elders who have always asked us to eat food that is low in fat and rich in carbohydrates. You may even sometimes discover the use of chopped green chillies together with onions in the mix earlier than cooking it. These food items are usually powerful in addition to thick once we examine it to different roti objects. Try to do every exercise three times a week with cardio or workouts centered on other physique parts on other days. The important thing to a sustainable, well being constructive food plan is schooling and to re-enforce the advantages of healthy meals choices.
Bodily exercise boosts the immune system This is depending on the concentration of endogenous components (akin to intercourse hormones, metabolic hormones and progress hormones), physique temperature, blood circulate, hydration standing and physique position. Relevant Verizon Media Entity: Verizon Media Canada Corp. Research counsel that eating only whenever you’re most energetic and giving your digestive system a protracted break each day could help to regulate weight.
My alternative was: sort out the problem whereas it was simply fatty liver illness… or deal with it when it turned irreversible and possibly deadly liver cirrhosis. In case you are accessing an account(s) on behalf of the account owner (e.g., as an administrator, consultant, analyst, etc.), the Terms apply to your activities on behalf of the account proprietor. However, if for any cause the Class Motion Waiver set forth beneath in subsection 14.three.c can’t be enforced as to some or all of the Dispute, then the settlement to arbitrate won’t apply to that Dispute or portion thereof.
In Section 13 above, find the supplier of the Companies you are using. So for the first time since my analysis, I felt empowered, educated – and supremely confident that I may reverse deal with this disease once and for all. Doing exactly what the liver needs for optimum well being means there’s now an end-date for the illness. In no event will the events bring claims against each other beneath the laws of one other jurisdiction.
The U.S. Meals and Drug Administration (FDA) has updated the Nutrition Info label on packaged foods and drinks with a new design, making it simpler to make knowledgeable decisions in direction of healthy eating habits. The region specific provisions in Part 14.four shall apply to such use and supersede anything to the contrary in Section 1 or Section 13(a) of these Phrases.
Put all the program’s various factors together over a month… and you can start to see why The Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Illness Solution is so nicely acclaimed by individuals who have adopted it. Accordingly, if the contract concerning the use of the Providers pursuant to these Terms is deemed a client contract under the Consumer Contract Act of Japan, some of the exclusions and limitations in Part 9 of those Terms won’t apply to you for liability resulting from our willful misconduct or gross negligence.
This could change up your meals and nutrient intakes and hopefully add new and healthy recipes to your routine. The check consists of six events, together with a dead raise, weighted ball throw and, most problematic for women who’ve taken it to date, a leg tuck,†in which soldiers carry themselves up from a pullup bar using their arm, core and leg muscles.
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Police and profanity is a toxic combination that needlessly damages a police officer’s personal and professional public image. Most people respect and appreciate the service and contributions police officers provide to society. There are a lot of critics, and you’ll encounter many of them. The worst of the critics count on the negative effect of police and profanity.
You’ll soon realize that just about anybody will know your duties, responsibilities and authority better than you. You don’t even have to ask them for their opinions, because they’ll gladly provide you with their views unsolicited.
Police officers most often get into trouble for things they say. You should start evaluating your use of profanity even before entering the police hiring process. If you’re prone to using profanity, start breaking the habit. You should at least realize that profanity will never aid you in performing your duties. At the very least, compartmentalize its use away from police work whether it’s interaction with the public or co-workers. Think hostile work environment.
Don’t Take Insults Personally
Do you take outrageous, vulgar or demeaning verbal insults directed at you personally? Start getting over that perfectly normal human reaction as well. In America, insulting a police officer is a popular pastime for many, and the worst thing you can do is verbally respond to the substance of the insults. Nothing looks worse to onlookers than a police officer engaged in a shouting match with some ideologically demented lunatic.
The only response you need make is a warning that his or her behavior could subject the individual to arrest. This disimpassioned response will probably encourage the person to increase the volume and substance of the insults. As the person’s behavior draws the attention of onlookers, you might want to give the person a second warning. At the point of your choosing, you can end the spectacle with these words, “You’re under arrest.”
This is the important point. You’re not arresting that person because he or she insulted you, but you’re arresting that person because his or her behavior disturbed the peace of others. As a legal point, a police officer’s peace cannot be disturbed. If this same scenario occurred in a location where no other people were present, you’d have no probable cause to make an arrest based on the verbal behavior alone.
Many People will Bait a Police Officer to Use Profanity
Controlling what you say and how you properly react to stupid people or intelligent people intent on baiting you into improper responses will serve you well. The intelligent cop hater might well engage you in a friendly manner to put you off guard. Soon thereafter, unlike the lunatic, the verbal insult will be delivered in a subtle manner.
I always found that a brief stare with no verbal response followed by totally ignoring the physical presence of the person works well. Nobody likes to be ignored, especially a person who feels he or she is superior to the person who is ignoring him or her. This leaves the intelligent insulter only two unfulfilling choices: walk away feeling insulted by your total disengagement or escalate to lunatic behavior and risk the possibility of arrest.
After your graduation from the police academy, you’re going be thrust into a totally different world with so many things to learn. There aren’t too many guarantees in this world; however, I can guarantee that you’ll have a much easier career path if you can embrace these two simple suggestions: Erase profanity from your police vocabulary, and don’t take anything personally.
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Disclaimer: As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases, at no extra cost for you.
As we know,
cats live for an average of 15 years. But when they reach the end of their life, these concealment aces do everything they can to make their weaknesses invisible.
In fact, in the wild, cats never show any symptoms of illness or weakness so
as not to alert potential predators to their state of health. So, it can be difficult to determine if your cat is going to die soon.
However,
it is essential to know the cat dying signs in order to be able to offer your faithful companion an end of life worthy of the name. Contentshide 1. A Change in the Cat’s Breathing
A change in the cat’s breathing signals that
his body is breaking down. As with humans, the blood vessels inside the body get more clogged and the body’s ability to oxygenate itself gets thinner and thinner.
This means that
the cat can barely breathe. An animal that can no longer breathe normally is in deep, deep trouble.
If your cat has lost his ability to breathe, there is little chance he will recover. In extreme cases, cats who can no longer breathe may stop eating and eventually starve themselves to death.
You also may notice
a change in your cat’s voice. It is similar to how people who are in the beginning stages of Alzheimer’s sound to those of people who have the disease. A change in a cat’s voice signifies that its mind and thoughts are also in trouble. 2. Your Cat Isolates Himself
It’s instinctive: When a cat knows he is going to die, he seeks to isolate himself so that
his body is not within the reach of predators.
But, while most cats seek seclusion, some prefer to
increase the frequency of contact with their humans, as if they wanted to enjoy the last moments with them.
So if your cat is snuggling up to you and sticking to you like his life depends on it, that’s because it might be.
3. Your Cat No Longer Eats Not eating often indicates a health problem in the animal. Sometimes it’s just a digestive problem. But if your cat is old and has several worrying signs, this loss of appetite should not be taken lightly. 4. The Cat No Longer Defecates in the Litter
As your cat ages, so do their different organs! The bladder and kidneys begin to function less well. Your hairball may
have trouble holding back and getting to his litter box to relieve itself. 5. The Cat Is Finding it More and More Difficult to Move Around
In old cats, the impending death manifests itself through
reduced motor skills. Indeed, the tired and weakened bones of the feline can no longer support certain movements, which are now painful.
Thus, the tomcat loses this liveliness which once gave him a great look. You may notice that
he is still lying down and can no longer get up or even walk. It becomes impossible for him to frolic on the table or the chair, or even to escape through the window. 6. Lack of Interest in Food and Water
It is normal for cats to lose weight when they get older. But if it is happening to more than half of your cat’s diet, it might mean there is a problem. As they age, many cats will also be less interested in food. This is when
a sudden change in appetite and body weight is considered a serious problem.
Cats can become dehydrated and starve themselves. This is why you should always offer your cat water several times a day. If your cat has not touched his water dish in a few days, consider a diet change.
7. The Cat’s Heart Beats Less and Less Quickly
Difficult breathing in dying cats is due to their heart beating less and more quickly, and no longer pumping enough oxygenated blood. The heart rate drops dramatically and there are many fewer beats than the normal
140 to 220 beats per minute.
This factor is particularly not easy to detect. This is why you should measure your cat’s heart rate regularly. Place it on its left side, put your hand under its foreleg, and carefully
count the number of beats over 15, 30, or 60 seconds. 8. The Cat No Longer Cleans Himself
As you know, the cat is a very clean animal. So if you notice
any poor hygiene in your little hairball, it is likely that it is sick or worse yet, dying. In the case of a simple illness, it is a fleeting behavior.
But when death is near, the feline is aware of this, and no longer sees the point in dressing up. He only grooms himself exceptionally: he’s always dirty and that doesn’t bother him.
9. The Cat’s Body Temperature Drops
A cat’s normal temperature is
between 100 and 102 ° F. If your cat’s temperature drops below 100 ° F, it is a sign that something abnormal is happening…
To take your cat’s temperature, insert a thermometer into his rectum for two to three minutes. If necessary, add a little petroleum jelly.
10. The Cat Has Incomprehensible Mood Swings
Behavioral problems and mood swings are also avenues that allow you to recognize that your cat is dying. Your feline can become
restless, irritated and suddenly aggressive, even towards his owner. He scratches you if you touch him and can sometimes refuse your hugs.
Also, if he was usually talkative, a dying cat may become
too calm or much more talkative than usual. His incessant, repetitive meows are slower and longer than usual. 11. The Cat Has a Dull Coat and in Poor Condition
For cat owners, the condition of the cat’s coat is a great way to judge his health. A healthy cat with always soft, shiny hair, even with minimal maintenance.
But when sick, the cat has
a frizzy and dirty coat, hard and brittle, and in serious cases such as imminent death, there is hair loss. 12. Unusual Body Odor
When your cat’s internal tissues begin to deteriorate,
this process releases toxins, which cause unusual body odors.
The odor varies depending on the cat’s condition. For example, cats with kidney problems may develop an ammonia-like odor.
Cat Dying Signs: Conclusion
Cats are mysterious animals. We may never know for sure if a cat is dying, so it’s best to ask your vet for the definitive diagnosis. The best thing you can do to help your cat is to provide him with the care he needs and respect his wishes.
I hope this article has been helpful in detecting the major signs that your cat is dying. Feel free to leave me a little comment so I can know what you thought of this article. See you soon!
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Where is tin found in Africa?
Africa. African tin mining is concentrated in the
DRC, Uganda, Burundi, Rwanda and Nigeria. While some industrial mines exist, such as Rutungo Mines in Rwanda, artisanal and small scale mining is the dominant form of mining in Sub-Saharan Africa. North Africa has not produced tin for many years. Is tin mined in South Africa?
At present there are only three operating tin-mining companies in South Africa:
Rooiberg, Union Tin, and Zaaiplaats. All these mines are underground operations. Mining at Rooiberg9 is spread out over a wide area. Which mineral is more in Africa?
Key producers
Material Percent of world production Countries Gold 89% South Africa 56%; Ghana, 13%; Tanzania, 10%; and Mali, 8% Uranium 16% Namibia 46%; Niger 44%; South Africa less than 10% Bauxite (for aluminium) 9% Guinea 95%; Ghana 5% Steel 2% South Africa 54%; Egypt 32%; Libya 7%; Algeria 6% Where is the biggest tin mine in the world?
Once the world’s biggest source of tin, the Sungai Lembing (Spear River) mine
in the central Malaysian state of Pahang is back in business after two closures–the last in 1987 after the collapse of the global tin market. Are we running out of tin?
Based on 2019 tin mine production of 305.8 kt, present global tin
reserves will last a minimum of 18.0 years, while resources will last a minimum of 50.4 years. How do you purify tin? Refining There are two methods of refining impure tin. Fire refining is most commonly used and produces tin (up to 99.85 percent) suitable for general commercial use. … One fire-refining method is called boiling. … Another fire-refining method is liquation. … Vacuum distillation is sometimes used in fire refining. Who is the biggest exporter of tin?
Searchable List of Tin Exporting Countries in 2020
Rank Exporter Tin Exports (US$) 1. Australia $121,349,000 2. Tanzania $40,894,000 3. Democr. Rep. Congo $39,984,000 4. Bolivia $30,101,000
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EATING ISSUES /WEIGHT LOSS http://www.mypyramid.gov/mypyramid/index.aspx Find out about how many calories you need per day for your age and level of activity. http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/index.html. Chockful of science-based nutrition information, courtesy of the Harvard School of Public Health. http://www.sparkpeople.com Anyone can enjoy and benefit from this fun and informative site that offers interactive tools, motivational "prizes," and informative articles. Free. You can sign up for daily emails that give you a morale boost. http://www.fruitsandveggiesmatter.gov/ New interactive site that explains how many fruits and veggies you need per day for your size and weight. Discover the value of fruits and veggies, the meaning of portion size, and more. http://www.oa.org O.A. uses the 12 steps and 12 traditions of AA to help members recover from compulsive overeating. Addresses well-being in addition to health. Free program. http://www.tops.org/default.aspx An inexpensive weight loss "club" that has helped many acquaintances of mine. http://www.weightwatchers.com A commercial website, but a good one nonetheless. Visitors can find out about the venerable WW program and read articles about health topics. http://www.anad.org Website of the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders. Facts about eating disorders, warning signs, how to confront a person with an eating disorder, types of therapies available. You can link to their hotline from the home page. http://thoughtfulweightloss.com The website of Ellen Resnick, LCSW. Ellen's approach is similar to mine. No fad diets! Her work is based on learning to change your thinking, mindfulness, nutrition counseling, and exercise. If you want lifelong weight loss, try this site! http://www.balancedweightmanagement.com A website by Bob Wilson for people who need weight loss inspiration. Fun, colorful, and wise, with lots of useful mottoes and illustrations.
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Science is not always the answer. I believe the best solutions are usually found by looking at nature and understanding why God designed things the way he did. In farming God has always provided us a better way and the “circle of life”, which is what regenerative agriculture is all about, could have tremendous positive impacts in our country if more people can get educated, learn more about the movement, and move out to the country to get started.
There is something therapeutic about the drone of a tractor as you mow acre after acre of land. Some undoubtedly will call that boring - and I certainly wouldn't want to do it everyday - but it has the ability to take your mind off things, especially the worry and stress that has been too... Continue Reading →
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Although the Ethics Resource Center conveyed, as of 2013, that 41% of employees reported having witnessed misconduc
Although the Ethics Resource Center conveyed, as of 2013, that 41% of employees reported having witnessed misconduct in the workplace—down from 45% in 2011—this percentage remains alarmingly significant (McGregor, 2014). In fact, these statistics seem to indicate an ongoing need to continue to strengthen commitment to ethical business practice. Business professionals and scholars need to know how to face ethical dilemmas and make sound ethical decisions. As a DBA independent scholar and global change agent, you should have a basic understanding of various ethical frameworks and understand how these frameworks influence real-world business decisions. Northouse (2016) stated, “Ethical theories that deal with the conduct of leaders are in turn divided into two kinds: theories that stress the
consequences of leaders’ actions and those that emphasize the duty or rules governing leaders’ actions” (p. 333). Business leaders apply their ethical values daily for decision making in business. Understanding and analyzing various ethical frameworks can help you as you work to solve ethical dilemmas. To prepare for this Discussion, consider Case 13.2, “How Safe Is Safe?” on pages 357-358 of Northouse (2019) and review the Albert, Reynolds, and Turan (2015), Lawton and Páez (2015), Hoover and Pepper (2015), and Gustafson (2013) articles provided in this week’s Learning Resources. By Day 3 Post your application of ethical frameworks to the ethical dilemma posed in the case study. In your application, do the following: Justify your proposed solution, and explain the reasoning you used to arrive at your solution. Incorporate the justifications you provided in response to the Case 13.2. Apply the ethical framework(s) outlined in the Learning Resources or in other scholarly literature that aligns with your reasoning. Explain how your reasoning aligns with those frameworks.
Be sure to support your work with
a minimum of two specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and one or more additional scholarly sources.
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When exploring the various schools to which your child may attend as they approach high school, you may quickly get overwhelmed by the vast number of options. To filter out the schools that are either undesirable or unreasonable for your child and family situation, here is a list of question that you should ask before making any lasting commitments:
What is the Location of the School? You may find the very best athletic high school in New York. However, if the school is not near you (or is essentially on the other side of the state), then it is clearly not the “best” school for you. Make sure that you examine the location and proximity of the school to your home. What is the Quality Level of the Instruction? The quality of your child’s education should be a top priority – especially since their high school education will build a solid foundation for how they will approach their college education. Perhaps that is why many parents choose schools such as Archbishop Molloy High School. With the accreditation and accolades that Molly High School has accumulated in recent years, it makes perfect sense why their student body continues to grow year after year. What is the Tuition and Other Related Expenses? If you want to invest in a private high school education for your child, then the tuition cost and other related expenses must be factored into the equation. Keep in mind that the tuition is an annual expense. The last thing you want is to discourage your child’s mentality by forcing them to transfer to a new school in their 2nd, 3rd or 4th year of high school just because you had not budgeted your household finances appropriately. Once again, the key is to find the best high school for you and your family needs. Whether it is the best athletic high school in New York to other parents, students and critics should not matter when it comes to the needs, expectations and limitations of your family.
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“Standing athwart history, yelling Stop!” Is the famous line of William F. Buckley which gave a pithy call to arms to conservatives in times when conservatives had their backs to the wall. The impossible charge was a call to rally even when things looked hopeless, for perhaps the light can linger a bit longer if we can just slow them down.
Philadelphia’s The Bulletin sums up the situation that existed for Buckley and the conservative movement in the early sixties.
During the 1960s, in which our political discussion was dominated by the Camelot of the Kennedys and the Great Society of Johnson, it seemed only Buckley stood in defiance of conventional wisdom, armed with wit, an understanding of who he was, and magnificently articulated logic. He not only published articles, magazines, and books to advance his cause, but he arranged televised debates with the intellectual heavyweights of the establishment. Faculty members from Harvard, Yale, Princeton; members of the Democratic inner sanctum like John Kenneth Galbraith; writers like Gore Vidal – all became his partners in the “Firing Line” series. Time after time, he scored knockouts, while charming his prey into submission.
Buckley’s greatness would not have been nearly as impressive in a world where his ideas had already dominated. It was his remarkable willingness to stand alone at the firewall against the liberal establishment that made him so attractive. His refutations of his liberal opponents were spiced with the Latin names of the appropriate logical errors into which his opponents had fallen, and often included catechetical references to the teachings of his own Catholicism. The combination was not only intellectually powerful, but gave a glimpse into both Buckley’s intellect and his soul.
Amazingly, just twenty years removed from this wilderness, the conservative movement triumphed (electorally) with the election of Ronald Reagan. This is a terrific example of the effects Toynbee’s idea of a Creative Minority can have on the world. But that is another post.
Conservatives once again find themselves in the wilderness. I think a little examination of how we got here is required if we are ever again to emerge as an intellectual force with which to be reckoned. I know that many conservatives will not necessarily agree with my diagnosis, but never as one bullied by hopelessness I will proffer it anyway.
Succinctly, we used to aspire to be William F. Buckley but are now morosely content with being Christopher Buckley. Christoper Buckley famously had a falling out with fellow conservatives (I use this term very loosely)when he supported Obama. How could a “conservative” vote for Obama? Simply, he replaced one god with another.
Let me explain this rather cryptic statement. In order to explain it, I will use Christopher Buckley as an example, but he is by no means an isolated example. While others of the same ilk may not have gone so far as to vote for Obama, the problem is pervasive. Chris Buckley, after the election, gave an interview to a fawning New York Times.
As an only child, did you find one of your parents easier to talk to than the other?My mother. She got it. He often didn’t get it.
What didn’t he get?Religion.
He was a practicing Catholic. What are you?I am post-Catholic.
As opposed to a lapsed Catholic?I am probably more of a collapsed Catholic. Do you believe in the afterlife?Alas, no…
That is what it comes down to I think. Men like William F. Buckley, like me, had a fundamental distrust of government. They also thought that free market capitalism as the best of the available -isms for generating prosperity for all. But, and this is a big but, they understood that these philosophies and viewpoints always needed to be tempered and informed by Christianity. Free market capitalism, untethered from Christian restraint, can be the source of as much evil as any other of the well known and pernicious -isms. Take your pick.
Christianity infused the political-economic outlook of these conservatives as much as the social issues are today obviously influenced by it. But somewhere along the line conservatives like Christopher Buckley lost faith in Christ. In the absence of the almighty, these post-Christian conservatives deified free-market capitalism. They traded one God for another.
Thus, conservatives split into two camps. The fiscal conservative, who worshiped capitalism, and the social conservative, who in their faith in God, found the most critical issues of the day the slaughter of the innocent. These two entities, joined under the banner of conservative, have had an uneasy and forced marriage. Cognizant that neither can survive electorally on its own, they have been wedded to each other for a generation.
But something happened this electoral cycle that may have forever altered and perhaps doomed this metaphorical marriage. The fiscal conservatives (and everyone else for that matter) found out their god of choice, untethered free-market capitalism, has feet made of clay. The fiscal conservatives can make the legitimate claim that government interference in the free market helped bring on this disaster, but that explanation only goes so far. What everyone sees now is the greed and excess of capitalism without Christianity. What the Christian ethic rightly decried as gluttony, was viewed by many conservatives as the ultimate virtue and attractively named competition. What we now through natural law was ignored as well, the hangover always follows the party. Unfortunately, this hangover occurred right in the middle of the election season giving us no time to sleep it off.
So now that their god has been revealed as a fraud, with their faith shaken, these fiscal conservatives are now free to apostatize. There were a few high profile defections such as Buckley which wounded, but it was the anonymous fiscal conservative who ultimately pulled the plug. They found no issue with voting for someone who believes that government is the answer to everything and higher taxes and wealth redistribution as goods in and of themselves. Apostasy complete.
Ironically, it was these very same “conservatives” who forced John McCain on the rest of a reluctant party in part because he did not wear his religion on his sleeve in the same way that Romney or Huckabee did . They wanted to distance themselves from the “religious right” in the party. Now, still stung with defeat, they want to pin the blame on, as one analyst called them, the God fearin’ oogedy boogedy right. I can’t take this point on at any length in this already lengthy post, but suffice it to say the religious right didn’t have a dog in this fight.
So if the demise of a cohesive conservative movement was the result of the divorce between Christianity and conservative thought, what is the remedy? Marriage counseling? Yes, but with our pastor.
Conservatives need to understand that no political or economic philosophy is sufficient. This is a fallen world. I believe that free market capitalism is still the best approach available to general economic prosperity, but not by itself. It must always be tempered and regulated by a Christian ethic. Paraphrasing Gordon Gecko, “Greed, for lack of a better word, is still sin.” We must always recognize our tendency toward sin in these endeavors, especially economic endeavors.
Our recognition of the attraction of sin, is also why conservatives should be wary of big government. Government is obviously inefficient and does most things poorly. But the power of government is attractive to those who wield its power. For these reasons, conservatives are right to be wary of big government. But today, there is more to fear than inefficient bureaucracy and burdensome tax rates. Big government has the ability to impose immorality and sin as the standard. This is true of the courts when the impose abortion on demand as the law of the land by judicial fiat. It is equally true when the executive branch turns to torture in the name of protecting the people. Conservatives should recognize and abhor both.
Conservatives, while promoting properly regulated free market capitalism as a way to to general economic prosperity, must also recognize its limitations. Take Jesus’ parable of the good Samaritan. One could easily picture the modern fiscal conservative today walking by, pausing momentarily, only to tell the dying man that when he gets to town he will support tax cuts that will eventually lead to better things for him, but sorry, gotta go now. No, for a Christian conservative this is not sufficient.
Of course, private and personal charity, can and will do much for those suffering, but this is not enough. We must get government out of the way when it obstructs or wastes in the name of charity. But we must also recognize that sometimes government, through our tax dollars, can do good. We should never turn a blind eye to those in need due to our distrust of government or through deification of an economic model. Conservatives should not reflexively oppose and all public welfare projects, but rather focus on accountability. Make sure the programs work as hoped. If they don’t scrap them. If they do, fund them. We should be the party of the poor.
This is all a very long way of saying that the resurrection of the conservative movement, in my view, all depends on whether our Christianity can once again inform and guide our entire political outlook. If we continue in our unhappy marriage, where believers do social issues and non-believers the economic issues, we will continue to fail to persuade. A house divided against itself cannot stand.
Unity is the answer. Unity of vision and of faith is the hope for the conservative movement. Let’s once again aspire to faith infused William F. Buckley style conservatism. Let Jesus inform our entire vision for the future of this country and we will find our way out of the wilderness and the country will be better off for it.
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Pobl mewn cyflogaeth yw pobl yr ystyrir eu bod yn gweithio am dâl, neu'r rhai sy'n gweithio heb dâl mewn busnes teuluol. Rydym yn cyfrifo cyfraddau cyflogaeth o'r Arolwg o'r Llafurlu (LFS), wedi'i ddadansoddi yn ôl oedran. Mae'r ffigurau eraill yn cynnwys dynion a menywod mewn cyflogaeth (o'r LFS hefyd) a swyddi gwag (o'r Arolwg o Swyddi Gwag).
The number of payroll employees showed another monthly increase, up 207,000 to a record 29.2 million in September 2021, returning to pre-coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (February 2020) levels.
Our latest Labour Force estimates for June to August 2021 show the employment rate increased by 0.5 percentage points on the quarter, to 75.3%, and the unemployment rate decreased by 0.4 percentage points, to 4.5%.
The number of job vacancies in July to September 2021 was a record high of 1,102,000, an increase of 318,000 from its pre-pandemic (January to March 2020) level; this was the second consecutive month that the three-month average has risen over one million.
Labour market status (employment, unemployment and inactivity) of disabled people. This table is updated four times a year in February, May, August and November. These estimates are sourced from the Labour Force Survey, a survey of households.
There were 14 million graduates in the UK in July to September 2017, following a steady increase over the past decade. This overview looks at employment, skill level of jobs, industry, pay, unemployment and comparison of male and female graduates.
An analysis of people in income poverty and the effect that moving from unemployment to employment has on their poverty status. Main findings show that in 2013, 8% of people in employment were classified as being in “in-work poverty” with 70% of those leaving “in-work poverty” following an increase in their hourly pay. The factors behind moving out of poverty after gaining employment are also examined.
We look at how people’s highest level of qualification relates to their economic activity. The main focus of the analysis is on residents in England and Wales aged 25 to 64. We examine employment, economic inactivity and unemployment and analysis of employment rates across local authorities. Results show that fewer than half of those with no qualifications were in employment compared with 8 in 10 of those with at least one qualification.
Comparison of the Labour Force Survey (LFS) headline three-month average rates for employment, unemployment and economic inactivity with their equivalent single month estimates. Includes weekly Labour Force Survey estimates.
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Find the best foreclosure homes listings for sale — bank-owned, government (Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, HUD, etc.) and others — in and near the Heath, OH area at Foreclosure.com. Get information on foreclosure homes for rent, how to buy foreclosures in Heath, OH and much more. Save thousands at closing with home foreclosure listings in Heath, OH — up to 75% off market value!
Heath is located in Licking, Ohio, with an estimated municipal population of 10,942 residents. All of the best foreclosed homes for sale in Heath are located in the following zip code areas on Foreclosure.com: 43056. The estimated population per square kilometer (.62 miles) in Heath is 393.
So, about how much do homes cost in Heath? The most recent median value of resident-owned homes in Heath is 149,054. An estimated 67 percent of households in Heath own their homes, with an average family size of 3.23. The median household income in Heath is 55,956, with24.1 percentage of households earning at least $100,000 annually. For working parents and professionals who are searching for cheap homes in Heath, the median commute time of resident workers (in minutes) is 20.7. And last, but certainly not least, are you looking for homes to rent in Heath? If so, the average rent price paid by renters in Heath is 871, according to recent statistics.
Where a home is located is almost just as important as the home itself. Whether you are a first-time homebuyer or are relocating to Heath, it is essential to take a deep dive into your potential future neighborhood. Homeownership is often a long-term relationship; therefore, be sure to do your due diligence to ensure that you make the best long-term decision.
The median age of residents in Heath is 42.4, split between 45.8 percent male versus 54.2 female. The percentage of residents who report being married in Heath is 44.8, with an average family size of 3.23.
The percentage of residents who report their race in Heath is as follows:
White 89.4% Black / African American 4.2% Asian 1.6% American Indian / Alaskan Native 0% Native Hawaiian / Other Pacifc Islander 0% Multi-racial 4.3% Other 0.4%
Looking for family-friendly neighborhoods in and/or near Heath? Or maybe you are searching for 55+ active adult communities in and/or near Heath?
The percentage of residents who report their age in Heath is as follows:
Under 10 9.9% Aged 10-19 13% 20s 12.8% 30s 10.7% 40s 13.8% 50s 12.7% 60s 12.4% 70s 7.9% 80+ 6.4%
It was a rollercoaster ride for academics in 2020, with school districts throughout the nation transferring their classes online because of the global pandemic. Numerous school districts will continue online courses, while others will welcome students back to campus. Regardless, homebuyers are shopping for homes in Heath with dedicated in-home learning spaces, as well as for homes located within the best school systems for in-person instruction in Heath.
How do you know that living in -- or moving to -- Heath is right where you need to be? Perhaps you grew up in Heath or already live nearby; therefore, the decision to buy a home in Heath is a no-brainer. For others, however, it may not be such a straightforward or simple decision. Whether you are relocating to Heath for work or just looking for a fresh start, getting a read on a neighborhood from afar (online) can be tricky... and exhausting.
Here are some questions to ask yourself when shopping for foreclosed homes for sale in Heath:
In short, it always helps to create a “Pros vs. Cons” list of what you need in a home and/or neighborhood like Heath.
Prospective homebuyers are clearly taking advantage of the low interest rates and numerous government assistance programs. These low interest rates mean homebuyers in Heath can now afford much more house for the same monthly payment (if interest rates were higher). Motivated and opportunistic sellers in Heath, meanwhile, can field multiple offers from more qualified buyers.
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This worthy scheme offers new riding experiences for disadvantaged and disaffected young people living in inner city areas with limited experience of anything other than urban life.
It ran from to
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Offering experience and learning opportunities for disadvantaged young people living in inner city areas, the riding opportunities scheme is a British Horse Society initiative that has benefited hundreds of children across the UK with limited experience of anything other than urban life. By providing riding tuition and basic stable management and horse care, pupils learn new skills, form an affinity with the animals, develop new relationships, learn team working skills and learn of new career and further training opportunities in the equestrian world. The initiative has already shown positive outcomes to those who have taken part, and praise from the children, their schools and parents all show the BHS riding schemes deliver a significant increase in confidence and self-esteem and improvements in social and motivational skills. Notably, teachers have seen marked behavioural improvements in class, and children who have taken part in the scheme have been more focused on learning and have interacted much better with class mates and teachers. The British Horse Society’s ability to deliver the scheme throughout more cities in the UK, is limited only by its’ ability to fund each project. Typically a project, with costs for tuition, at an approved riding school, transport and safety equipment is around £5,000 for a three school term period.
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Since last summer, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have used an obscure federal regulation to impose a nationwide moratorium on a huge chunk of residential evictions. This is constitutionally dubious, to say the least. But the CDC just extended it through June.
The moratorium's proponents argue that federal authority over interstate commerce permits this move. But the Interstate Commerce Clause isn't a plenary power over all areas of life simply because everything, at a certain point, can be linked to commercial activity. The Tenth Amendment makes clear that all powers not expressly delegated to the federal government are left to the states. Still, the Commerce Clause has been used to justify a myriad of regulations that involve no commerce "among the several states," and in some cases no "commerce" at all. Notable examples include prohibitingcannabis grown in your backyard for personal medical use, or stopping the control of a rodent population that has no commercial value and lives only in southwest Utah.
Courts since the 1930s have often validated federal overreach under cover of the Commerce Clause. But in United States v. Lopez (1995), the U.S. Supreme Court held that gun-free school zones had nothing to do with interstate commerce. The Clause, it cautioned, does not invite a court to "pile inference upon inference in a manner that would…convert congressional authority…to a general police power of the sort retained by the states."
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Military Officer Personnel Management: Key Concepts and Statutory Provisions
dc.contributor.author Kapp, Lawrence dc.date.accessioned 2020-11-25T15:10:19Z dc.date.available 2020-11-25T15:10:19Z dc.date.issued 2016-05-10 dc.identifier.other 9315875 dc.identifier.uri https://hdl.handle.net/1813/77581 dc.description.abstract [Excerpt] In the past several years, senior policymakers in both Congress and the executive branch have proposed various changes to the way in which officers in the armed forces are managed, most notably with respect to assignment and promotion. Supporters of these proposals typically deem them to be essential to building a force that can meet the challenges of emerging strategic threats, such as cyberwarfare, and to compete with the private sector for talented individuals. Some of these proposed changes would require changes to law, including provisions enacted by the Defense Officer Personnel Management Act (DOPMA) and the Goldwater-Nichols Act (GNA). This report provides an overview of selected concepts and statutory provisions that define and shape important aspects of active duty officer personnel management along with a set of questions that policymakers may wish to consider when discussing proposed changes to current law. The topics discussed below are often inter-related, such that adjusting the parameters of one can affect the operation of others. For example, reducing the number of authorized positions at a higher grade would likely result in slower promotion timing, decreased promotion opportunity, and greater number of mandatory separations under the “up or out” provisions or individuals deciding to leave military service due to perceived lack of upward mobility. dc.language.iso en_US dc.subject military officers dc.subject personnel management dc.subject assignment dc.subject promotion dc.title Military Officer Personnel Management: Key Concepts and Statutory Provisions dc.type unassigned dc.description.legacydownloads CRS_Military_Officer_Personnel_Management.pdf: 179 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020. local.authorAffiliation Kapp, Lawrence: Congressional Research Service
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The discussion usually revolves around issues such as product design, cultural awareness, etc. I wonder what the fundamental economic barriers are.
I see a fundamental issue e.g. in transaction costs and economies of scale: reusing each single good requires an individual assessment of its qualities to confirm that it's fit for purpose, including for liability and insurance reasons. New goods on the other hand are produced in standardised processes which can be optimised, controlled, certified, etc. The efficiencies involved in producing new goods are higher than the cost (mining, taxes) of introducing new resources to the system.
I wonder where I can read more about this fundamental (generic) economic analysis of the barriers to a circular economy?
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Best Practices From Instructional Designers
I recently had the opportunity to sit down with a team of instructional designers from Herzing University, all of whom use our tool to create simulations for courses, including nursing, business, and IT. While each program is preparing students for its own learning objectives and professional cultures, all of the instructional designers agreed on a few best practices for building friendly, engaging simulations that teach higher-level critical thinking skills while fulfilling learning objectives.
1. Begin With The End
Having a clear idea of what you want students to accomplish is important. Is the simulation being used to assess their knowledge? Do you want them to learn something new? Are you trying to inspire them to consider a different point of view? These are all ends that can be achieved through simulations, but they require different designs to work as intended.
"Start with the end in mind," said Herzing's instructional designer, Anna Reese. "You’ve got to decide what the end game is first. You can get caught up creating the characters and the story, but that is so minor. It’s the fun stuff, but you have to start with what you want the student to do."
Along with your goal, you’ll want to have an overall scenario in mind. Some members of the Herzing team said that getting instructors to give them scenarios to use can be one of the toughest parts of their design job. Designers who worked on nursing simulations, on the other hand, said that their scenarios often come from the vice provost of education giving them suggestions. From there, the team said they work with subject matter experts, including department chairs, to flesh their simulations out.
2. Maximize Interactivity By Creating Characters
"The biggest thing for us in nursing is that we need to have more interactivity," said instructional designer, Myra Brimmer.
"In nursing, we’ve been doing some scenario-based activities where the student is in an emergency room or doctor’s office or something, and they go through the process of talking to the patient, finding out what’s wrong, and diagnosing," said Herzing's instructional designer, Linda Kaiser.
To increase that interactivity even more, the team has created characters that revisit students in simulations throughout their academic careers. A simulated patient may come repeatedly, often with different ailments, giving students the opportunity to deal with patients whose backgrounds and other health complications they know, or even predict ailments that will need to be addressed at a future date.
3. Borrow From Other Designers
One way to keep simulations fresh is to present students with different variables as they progress through simulations, or retake them so that a given simulation is not the same experience each time.
Reese works primarily on simulations for the business school but said she gets pulled into nursing sometimes as well. When she noticed that patients in a nursing simulation had slightly different vital signs each time a student ran through a simulation, she decided to apply that idea to accounting simulations where students are practicing things like the accounting equation of "assets plus liabilities equals account."
4. Soft Skills Are A Must-Have
"Whether you're a nurse evaluating a patient or communicating with an end user as a network administrator, you have to have those soft skills that employers are looking for," said Leslee Rose, an instructional designer at Herzing.
We're living in a skill-based economy, where simply having the appropriate degree is not enough. Students need to be able to demonstrate not only their technical skills but the social skills required from the modern workplace. Rose said she’s even designed a whole interview simulation for IT students in which they have to choose the most politically correct choice in a series of questions.
"The whole purpose of an IT degree is to get a job, right?" Rose explained. "So, one thing I use Muzzy Lane for is to develop those soft skills." Soft skills are an area that’s critically important to a student’s future job prospects, but difficult for students to practice and for instructors to assess.
Employers want to know, Rose said, "do these people have the soft skills as well as the technical or hard skills? And Muzzy Lane is great for that." Because employers are looking for new employees who know how to socially interact with other co-workers, IT students need to demonstrate they have the ability to communicate and work together collaboratively.
Learning with simulations allows students to use their higher-level thinking skills and see the consequences of their actions. This is an engaging practice exercise and a powerful motivator to address learning gaps in knowledge before they leave the simulated world to find a job in the professional world.
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Oil pulling is originally an Ayurvedic home remedy to combat many cases of dental and oral health problems. Many oil products such as coconut oil, sesame seed oil and sunflower oil have dental and oral health benefits
Ayurveda uses Mukta Pishti (Pearl powder) for dental care. Pearls carry a high amount of calcium and are also anti-inflammatory. Take 65 mg of pearl powder once or twice a day to strengthen your teeth. 4 It is a perfect remedy for dental pain treatment. Chew on a few strands of wheatgrass from the side of the affected area. Gargle a shot of wheatgrass juice or wheatgrass powder mixed with water, swirl around the affected tooth and then spit out
Chamomile tea -Chamomile tea was often used as a healing poultice for toothache pain. 12 Place the teabag in boiling water, and then remove it, placing it on the sore tooth or on the outside of the cheek near the sore tooth Natural & home remedies for toothache & other
dental problems Herbal, nontoxic, DIY and/or non-invasive. The following pages list a great number (some 200) of natural and/or nontoxic toothache and other dental remedies (such as for gum problems, abscesses, strengthening sensitive teeth and fighting cavities), starting with those I have personally tried and found highly effective
Ayurvedic Treatment For Dental Problems : Dencare® is a natural herbal product curated by mixing Anacyclus Pyrethrum, Elletaria Cardamomum, Quercus Infectoria, and Eugenia Caryophyllata to promote ideal dental hygiene. The ingredients used can help reduce tooth sensitivity and promote the natural growth of enamel A herbal tooth and gum rub involves rubbing of some selected herbs and spices. Some of these spices act as excellent enamel cleaners. They prevent and cure all kinds of teeth disorders. How to do it Visit Uswww.bharatswabhimantrust.org; BLOG: www.swami-ramdev.comwww.facebook.com/bharatswabhimanrtrust; www.facebook.com/swami.ramdevwww.facebook.com/pages/P..
Licorice cleanses the mouth, promotes salivation, and increases secretions in the gastrointestinal tract. Chewing on licorice root will clean the mouth and cleanse the teeth, halting tooth decay. 8 Remedies for Tooth and Gum Problems For receding gums and sensitive teeth: Moisten a soft, clean toothbrush with water and a few drops of tea tree oil Alicanto Drugs is providing ayurvedic products under its division Blessings Ayurveda. The products are completely herbal & made from natural products. Th..
Apple cider vinegar can be used to treat a tooth infection and it is considered as one of the best home remedies for tooth infection pain that you should try out! This is because this kind of vinegar contains disinfectant and anti-inflammatory properties, which help relieve pain and inflammation in the affected area. Method 1 Cloves are one of Ayurvedic medicine that very good at dealing with a toothache, especially the molars. Cloves contain anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory that is good for a curing toothache. Cloves contain eugenol useful to soothe tooth infection and tooth pain . Dental Herb Company products, available exclusively through dentists. 1. Baking Soda. Baking soda is the safest and most effective home remedies for treating gum disease in dogs. A 2016 research confirms the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate in reducing plaque significantly. [ 4] Regular use of baking soda can remove plaque and tartar and soothe tooth infections
The truth about natural tooth ache cure Dental problems arise due to poor oral hygiene. They can be a cause of enormous pain and discomfort. Advanced natural therapies Biogetica's unique natural remedies have helped thousands regain their life and freedom. They work by addressing the physical, energetic and informational root causes of an ailment. Biogetica's ground breaking therapeutic kits. An essential element in Ayurvedic drug treatments for oral fitness, babul has protracted records of use as chewing sticks withinside the Indian subcontinent. Regular use of the herb is stated to bolster the teeth, enhance gum fitness , and defend in opposition to plaque formation, which could cause cavities and dental decay
Ayurvedic Remedies for Dental Problems. This is a herbal tooth powder preparation. I have already posted two different preparations here and here. This herbal tooth powder can cure dental pains, pinprick sensation, bleeding gums, loose tooth, etc. Clean your tooth with this powder and leave it for few minutes and wash it off with lukewarm wate Some most effective ayurvedic home remedies for swollen gums to cure swelled gums are below: Home Remedies For Swollen Gum Henna usefulness 1. Boil the leaves of Henna in water and gargle twice a day, in the morning and evening, to cure swollen gums problems. Another, It will also provide strength to your tooth roots
Problems in your mouth can have a profound effect on other parts of your body. Most of the 700 types⁵ of bacteria found in your mouth are harmless, but some are the type that cause tooth decay or gum disease. If left to multiply and grow, those same bacteria can cause redness and swelling—typical signs of inflammation and infection Turmeric for Gum Disease and Other Mouth and Dental Problems. Gingivitis; Clinical Evidence; Oral Antibacterial & Anti-Inflammatory Compounds; Turmeric is recommended by Ayurvedic dentists as a natural herbal medicine for tooth and gum problems. Its signature yellow color has also been used in novel dental products, such as sealants to protect against cavities and as a staining agent to help. In this disease, the person suffers an unbearable toothache, that usually people find taking the tooth out a better option. Ayurveda has many natural treatment plans for Pyria, that can help relieve the pain and also help heal the disease. Before checking that out let's look at the causes and symptoms of pyorrhea. Causes of Pyria
Oral hygiene is the practice of keeping one's mouth clean and free of disease and other problems (e.g. bad breath) by regular brushing (dental hygiene) and cleaning between the teeth Oil pulling is an ancient ayurvedic treatment which improves tooth health by preventing decomposition due to acid. How to Use? To do this, you can put a tablespoon of coconut or sesame oil in the mouth, keep it in the mouth for a while and then spit it out Dental problems such as premature fall of teeth, teeth weakening, bleeding from teeth, bad smell, etc. it is advisable to take the mix of Kalonji oil (half teaspoon) and 1 cup of curd twice a day. Dental problems can be sorted out when Kalonji oil-soaked cotton is put on the affected area and remove it after 15-20 minutes Herbal remedies have a long history of use for gum and tooth problems. In many traditional cultures, there are no plastic-bristle brushes, rather, the use of herbal chewing sticks are common. Chewing sticks are usually taken from plants, shrubs or trees with high anti-microbial activity. The ends of selected sticks are shredded and they ar
The problem spreads from the gums into the support structures of your teeth. It can cause your teeth to loosen and even fall out. The condition is fairly common but its symptoms should not be ignored. Thankfully, effective treatments are available for periodontitis. There are even many drug-free treatment options for this dental problem Herbal remedies for dental problems can help you to take care of your teeth in the most natural ways. Dental Cream From Himalaya is a herbal remedy which is a particularly formulated toothpaste that helps in to tighten swollen gums, stop gum bleeding, prevent toothaches, decay and refresh bad breath Periodontal disease is recognized as a major public health COMMONLY USED HERBAL REMEDIES problem throughout the world and is the most common cause of tooth loss in adults. Periodontal disease is a general term There are many natural ways to treat periodontal disease used to describe several pathological conditions that affect some of which even. . Conclusion. It is an undeniable fact that oral hygiene is the utmost thing that you should take care of. If you have a good dental health, then you would not have to worry much about your overall health
Natural Cure for Tooth Abscess #2 - Oil Pulling. Oil pulling is a practice used in ancient Ayurvedic to maintain oral health and promote detoxification of the teeth and mouth. Lipids in the oil will pull out bacteria and prevent it from sticking to the oral cavity walls which relieves pain and infection Herbal medicine with medicinal properties has been used for long period to prevent and treatment of different disease of dental disease . The major problem is the lack of the information and traditional knowledge about effects of medicine on dental disease This will help to strengthen teeth and bones and help prevent tooth decay. [Related: 12 Homeopathic Remedies For Your Dog] Do Regular Dental Checks At Home . Check your dog's mouth at least weekly. This helps you to catch any problem areas quickly so you can use these tips to help with any issues that come up . Hamer's 'German New Medicine' principle A number of natural remedies may help you achieve healthy gums, an important part of your overall wellbeing. When added to an oral hygiene routine that also includes brushing your teeth at least twice a day, flossing often, and visiting your dentist regularly for professional cleanings and check-ups, these natural remedies may help fend off gum disease
Herbal medicine has become a popular form of healthcare; even though several differences exist between herbal and conventional pharmacological treatments, herbal medicine needs to be tested for efficacy using conventional trial methodology and several specific herbal extracts have been demonstrated to be efficacious for specific conditions soothe inflamed gums. help ease pain. reduce bacteria. remove particles of food. relieve bad breath. To use a salt water rinse: Add 1/2 to 3/4 teaspoon of salt to a glass of lukewarm water and mix. Learn how in Herbal Remedies for Dental Problems. For an in-depth explanation of dental disease, go to our How Dental Disease Works page. Find out how regular cleaning prevents problems by understanding how oral hygiene works. Learn effective home remedies that help you cope with tooth pain naturally Method 2: Treatment Of Underlying Causes Of Dental Grinding. If angry or grievances causing serious jaw pain, you may need to think about dealing with emotional and behavioral causes. Use stress management exercises such as meditation or strict exercise regimen. Use therapies to treat problems such as anxiety, anger, or stress
Tooth decay, also known as cavities or dental caries, is the most common oral health problem and the second most common health disorder (after common cold). It is basically holes or structural damage in your teeth. Tooth decay is common in children, young adults, and the elderly. However, it can affect anyone Cloves. Cloves are known to be beneficial for gum health. Using cloves is an age-old and easy home remedy for any kind of dental problems. Clove oil, being an analgesic and having antiseptic properties, is highly effective in both relieving the pain caused by the gum disease and healing the infection at the same time. [11] [12] Turmeric Powde Home Remedies For Itching. Herbs for Itching Lemon and Jasmine Oil usefulness. 1. Mix lemon extracts in Jasmine oil and massage on itching skin to cure it.. Peppercorns and Sulphur benefit. 2. Grind the Peppercorns with Sulphur and mix some clarified butter in it. Massage this mixture on itching skin and get rid of the psoriasis problem 3. Herbal poultice. Certain herbs and spices can be turned into home remedies for gum inflammation and pain. Clove powder and Spilanthes are both analgesic (pain-relieving) herbs. They have been.
. Dental sealant is the thin, plastic coating the dentist will paint on the chewing surface of your teeth. It is often the back teeth which are molars and premolars. This treatment is often used to prevent tooth decay Use these supplements to care for your dog's dental health: Coenzyme Q10: Dogs with dental problems most likely have red and swollen, sometimes bleeding, gums. Coenzyme Q10 helps gums heal better and quicker. Omega-3 Fatty Acids - Fatty acids are anti-inflammatory and have beneficial results for periodontal inflammation
Drug use and
dental treatment. If you are scheduled for dental treatment, tell your dentist about your alcohol or smoking intake, as well as any drugs you are taking or have recently taken. Also tell your dentist about any medications you are taking or have recently taken, including prescription, over-the-counter and herbal medications When faced with tooth sensitivity, rinse your mouth with a solution of warm water and a teaspoon of honey. It will heal the pain. 8. Turmeric. Turmeric can be used in anti-inflammatory treatments. Turmeric also helps in wound healing. To alleviate the pain of sensitive tooth, you can massage ground turmeric on the affected tooth 2. Is Tooth ache common in children? Toothache in children is one of the most common problems. It is caused due to many factors like indulging in sugar foods, poor dental hygiene, lack of proper brushing skills etc., Toothache must never be taken lightly in children, as it could be an indication for future oral related problems If you allow your cavities to go without treatment, they can develop into more serious problems. This includes tooth decay, severe toothaches, infections, and even losing the affected tooth. When this occurs you will need to seek the professional advice of your dentist for professional (and expensive) treatments such as root canals, fillings.
Treatment for tooth and gum problems Professional treatment depends on the particular medication or drug and its effects on your teeth and gums, but may include: If a medicine is causing your dental health problems, the dentist may suggest that you talk to your doctor about adjusting the dose or method of taking it Characterized by red, swollen gums, gingivitis is quite common in cats, occurring in up to 90 percent of cats once they pass their fourth birthday. The good news about the earliest phase of gum disease is that it's reversible with proper care. There are a variety of home remedies for feline gingivitis you can use to keep your cat's teeth and gums in good working order
lost.The present investigation deals with use of traditional herbal remedies for dental problems in Maharashtra state. The 31 different medicinal plant species were selected which are used by tribal and creed peoples of Maharashtra as a traditional herbal medicines for curing dental problems Recently, aloe vera also gained popularity as an active ingredient in tooth gel. Just as in skin ointments, aloe vera when present in tooth gel, cleanses and soothes teeth and gums, and is effective in fighting cavities. The aloe vera tooth gel performs the same function as in toothpaste, eliminating disease-causing bacteria present in the mouth
John Immel, the founder of Joyful Belly, teaches people how to have a healthy diet and lifestyle with Ayurveda. His approach to Ayurveda exudes a certain ease, which many find enjoyable and insightful. John also directs Joyful Belly's School of Ayurveda , which specializes in digestive tract pathology & Ayurvedic nutrition Green tea, hibiscus tea, and black tea are packed with tannins and can be used to get rid of nasty gum pain. How to use it: Put a tea bag in boiled water for 5 minutes, then remove it and let it.
The only way to truly get rid of an infection is with antibiotics. However, home remedies for tooth infection can help manage the symptoms and alleviate some of the pain. If you have a tooth infection you need to see a dentist to assess whether or not you need a root canal and to get prescription antibiotics to make sure that the infection goes. Holistic dental treatments, proper daily oral hygiene, the use of all natural products, and a commitment to a healthy diet can all help to prevent periodontal disease. Dental Herb Company supports the field of holistic dentistry for its effectiveness in promoting excellent oral health Threats to Dental Health. Learn more about how other diseases and conditions can pose a threat to your overall dental health. Learn more about your oral health, at Colgate.com. X-Rays. X-Rays or radiographs are essential to any dental care treatment plan. Find out more about X-Rays, X-Ray safety, types of radiographs, and much more This oral therapy is a type of Ayurvedic medicine [a traditional Indian system] that dates back 3,000 years, says Jessica T. Emery, DMD, owner of Sugar Fix Dental Loft in Chicago The antibacterial property of basil can prevent dental plaque build-up and eliminate bad odour too. With inputs from IANS. Home remedies for your skin problems: To get rid of dark skin patches.
The herbal medicines don't be on extinct even after massive improvement in ultra modern medical science. Health promotional campaigns in the US re-discover many hidden zones in natural therapies and herbal health treatment process. Black cumin seeds oil is such a widely acceptable panacea for dental care, immune restoration and compact wellness , medical herbalist Leslie Alexander and registered dental hygienist Linda Straub-Bruce detail how to use 41 safe and effective herbs for the mouth for optimum oral health, prevention of decay and inflammation, and relief from pain and discomfort
Some studies have linked licorice in the treatment of dental problems like tooth decay, mouth sores, and gum disease. The herb has bioactive ingredients that can eliminate the harmful bacteria that cause shaky teeth. To make a paste, crush some licorice root powder and use it to brush your teeth on a regular basis 2. Horseradish. Horseradish is one of the best herbal remedies for sinus congestion. Simply grate some horseradish and put a pinch of the herb in your mouth. Let it remain in your mouth for a few minutes and then, spit it out. It quickly dissolves the mucus, blocked in the sinus. 3. Grapefruit Seed Extract Use dental floss to remove plaque, food debris from the teeth. Do not use toothpicks thumped through the teeth because it will open gap, causing bleeding and gradually lead to gingivitis. Be careful when using toothpicks. Regular Dental Checkups; You should go to a reputable dental clinic for the dentist to detect the disease and treat it promptly Chamomilla 200c pain after dental work where the pain is unbearable and the person feels really i rritable with it, as if it is too much to bear it. Very cross with it , becomes mad with the pain. If you would like to see and example how to manage a tooth extraction with homeopathic remedies read this blog Ayurvedic medicine is one of the world's oldest medical systems and remains one of India's traditional health care systems. Ayurvedic treatment combines products (mainly derived from plants, but may also include animal, metal, and mineral), diet, exercise, and lifestyle
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Retailers need no reminding that we’re coming up to their busiest time of the year. Being able to cope with demand and deliver the experience that customers expect is central to remaining competitive and delivering the right experience, cost-effectively, means focusing on these 6 areas...
retail
Trust is vital to customer experience and loyalty in the retail sector – to find out how retailers are faring, the latest Eptica research looked at customer service performance and trust with fashion and food retailers…
Our survey of consumers in the UK revealed that the level of trust people have in different types of organization varies considerably by sector. As you know, if consumers don’t trust in your brand then you risk undermining customer loyalty and damaging sales revenue. So, which sectors do consumers trust most?
One of the biggest challenges for Voice of the Customer (VoC) programs is ensuring that they deliver tangible ROI for a business. How can they go beyond simply collecting feedback to drive real action? We explore how two major businesses are achieving VoC ROI.
Retailers don’t need reminding that the peak Christmas season is now upon us, with Black Friday and Cyber Monday already in full swing. Given the importance of Peak to retail success and ever-increasing competition, it is no exaggeration to say that this Christmas will be make or break for many companies. How can they ensure that they thrive?
The UK retail sector is undergoing unprecedented change, with many long-established high street brands closing or having to cut back their number of stores. With all the pressures they are facing, how can retailers ensure that they are delivering the right experience to their customers?
As we approach Christmas, the festive shopping season is moving into top gear. At the same time as they are looking for bargains, consumers also want to make their shopping experience as simple, hassle-free and quick as possible.
The rapid rise of digital channels and mobile devices means it’s easier than ever for consumers to engage and ask questions of brands they want to do business with. But many companies – and even whole industry sectors - are struggling to cope with the sheer volume of customer contacts and queries, according to the 2017 Eptica Multichannel Customer Conversation Study
Planning ahead is central to retail success, which is why during the summer months many retailers are already preparing for the Peak festive shopping season. Given the importance of customer experience to sales success, optimizing CX is high on the list of priorities. So how can you ensure that your customer experience helps you have a Happy Christmas?
When it comes to the service they receive, consumer expectations continue to rise dramatically. They want a higher quality experience and faster, more accurate service from every organization they contact, through whatever channel they choose.
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The competitive leverage arises in the meeting between vision, knowledge, requirements from the outside world, commitment and morals:
Which strategy will ensure the company’s development? Which markets should we expand? Do we need new products? Are our internal processes optimal? What about our risk profile? Do we have the right skills to drive growth towards new goals?
Family owned businesses – well practically all businesses – face the challenge of being at the forefront of new knowledge. At ESBEES, we make an effort to make owner-managers see the value of professional development of the board of directors because we
know that it means a certain win in the long run. You do not need anyone to look over your shoulder. You will have a forward-looking board of directors who…
Intelligent combination of your board of directors will develop your company in the desired direction. Continuous development, adjustment and optimizing of your board of directors in terms of the combination of knowledge and skills is crucial.
Do you have bad experiences with a professional board of directors? If yes, you did something wrong.
Combining a professional board of directors requires a carefully prepared process. Therefore, external assistance can be a value-creating necessity.
Headhunting of a new board of directors is similar to job headhunting:
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In this episode of the Environmental Technical Assistance Program or ETAP Podcast, Joung Lee (
seen above) — director of policy and government relations for the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials – discusses the potential benefits of the $1.2 trillion infrastructure bill being debated in Congress.
The House of Representatives currently plans to vote on the infrastructure bill – formally known as the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act or IIJA and passed with bipartisan support by the Senate in mid-August – at the end of October. The House delayed votes on the measure originally scheduled on September 27 and then September 30 as factions of the Democratic Party fought over legislative and funding priorities involving the much larger $3.5 trillion reconciliation bill covering social programs.
Late on October 1, the House passed a 30-day surface transportation funding extension measure, which expires October 31, to provide more time for legislators to find a way around the infrastructure bill impasse. The Senate subsequently passed that extension on October 2, with President Biden signing it into law that same day.
Lee – who also serves as the staff liaison to AASHTO’s Transportation Policy Forum – noted in the podcast that AASHTO has successfully represented the interests of state departments of transportation within the infrastructure bill. He noted, for example, that the most recent version of the bill incorporates four out of five of AASHTO’s core priorities.
To listen to the full podcast, click here.
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Biofit Tea Not Working
BioFit is a giant probiotic product that is created by Nature’s Formulas, a supplement company boasting over twenty 5 years of experience in the natural health sector. With a focus on entire body health, the BioFit probiotic formula is the brand name’s front runner product for sustaining healthy weight loss benefits due to its all-natural composition of 7 digestive tract structure microorganisms strains that hold over 5.75 billion CFUs per pill.
If you are one of the 70 million adults in the US who are currently obese or even the near 100 million people who are thought about obese, after that Chrissie Miller as well as the Nature’s Formulas team have a direct and must-hear message in 2021. Every person wants to have a slim healthy and balanced body physique and excellent mental and psychological health and live a life according to suggested fitness and wellness degrees. Regretfully for lots of, exercising and dieting is a difficulty, and also for lots of, putting on weight is a big menace that resists even the smartest diet plan and most complex exercise exercises.
Biofit Tea Not Working
BioFit Probiotic suppresses a lot of weight gain as well as fat-gain activates for those seeking to acquire that healthy as well as appealing body by working on healing the digestive tract biohm and also microbiome ecological community.
As a natural formulation containing 7 of the finest all-natural active ingredients, the supplement can improve as well as accelerate the procedure of decreasing additional fat by focusing on the policy of cravings as well as satiety. It does so by utilizing clinically researched components to enhance your food digestion, maintain the gut microorganisms healthy, as well as decrease bloating. Offered in the form of pills, the supplement is commonly recommended for its ability to attend to weight gain from the root source.
BioFit’s main product site starts with a reasonably acquainted slogan: “Things your face. Reduce weight.” It isn’t all that shocking that the firm behind BioFit chooses to market their supplement by making this kind of appeal. Honestly, everybody intends to lose weight as well as nobody intends to diet. Part of the factor diet plans like the keto diet as well as other trends are so preferred is since they provide individuals the chance to lose weight without having to sacrifice all the foods they love. Losing weight is everything about tradeoffs. It’s unsubstantiated that any supplement can aid you reduce weight while allowing you to eat whatever you want.
Biofit Tea Not Working
However, the BioFit site is full of cases that the supplement can help individuals to shed large quantities of weight simply put quantities of time. This isn’t specifically debatable; some supplements can provide unbelievable weight-loss advantages, especially when solutions are integrated with traditional fat-burning routines. A solid supplement will aid consumers to increase their metabolic rate, which can aid to supercharge their existing efforts to sculpt their bodies and also boost their health while doing so.
BioFit asserts that their supplement has aided over 25,000 individuals shed “20 extra pounds or more” while still “consuming all the foods they enjoy.” This is a pretty big insurance claim, and it deserves our study attention. It’s not likely that individuals will slim down utilizing a supplement without also diet programs, but this doesn’t indicate that BioFit’s makers are being dishonest. People might definitely drop fat while utilizing supplements, particularly if they put in added job while using the formula. The key to BioFit’s efficiency is its probiotic formula. The supplement makes use of 7 special pressures of healthy germs to attempt to increase the body’s natural intestine health and wellness as well as metabolic process.
And also it does not take long to search on Google or any other major medical publication to see simply exactly how essential probiotics are to the body and also digestive tract’s function. Today’s testimonial is everything about BioFit. Maintain reading, and also we’ll stroll you with every little thing that matters about this fascinating formula. By the end of this write-up, you should have a much more developed understanding regarding just how BioFit Works, as well as whether it can assist you lose weight with time.
Just What Is BioFit Probiotic Supplement?
Weight reduction is a complex topic. It’s discussed worldwide, and the tips on what one can consume or do to maintain fit and preserve weight in control are large. In the majority of instances, the suggested active ingredients are never wonderful solutions. They require top quality time and dedication for any type of results to take place.
In the case of the BioFit probiotic supplement, it’s mosting likely to require your time and also dedication. It promises high quality outcomes, though. Many of the customers that tried these enchanting pills validated that they truly work.
To help you much better recognize this supplement, it’s a special collection of high-quality components of microbes to assist the body fight weight gain. The pills cause several body procedures, including stabilizing the plants’s degree in our bodies, crucial bacteria required by our bodies to maintain healthy immune and also digestive system systems.
Just How BioFit Tablets Work? Biofit Tea Not Working
Different weight loss tablets come close to the procedure from different angles. As for BioFit tablets, an effective multi-strain probiotic formula, it attends to weight gain from differing angles. The pills load natural active ingredients, with the most energetic Lactobacillus casei microorganisms, an essential option to irregular bowel movements, belly bloating, and also dyspepsia. As a safe as well as very efficient supplement without artificial components, BioFit Probiotic pills additionally boost the customer’s immunity and digestive system process while minimizing sleeping problems.
By taking sleep problems away, you will appreciate a longer as well as a sounder night’s sleep, increasing important hormones and also relieving energy levels. You’ll as well reap the outstanding benefits of the healthy and balanced germs normally created by our bodies. By just taking 2 pills a day along with your dishes, your body will be supported to ideal wellnessas well as health and wellness.
One exceptional top quality of the supplement that makes it a favorable choice for weight loss is its ease of digestibility. The food digestion starts almost immediately, and also the immune system gets instantaneous empowerment to fight versus unwanted weight gain. It does fill in negative microorganisms, aiding your body battle against numerous health issues.
What Active Ingredients Make This Safe and also Effective Supplement?
BioFit Probiotic mixes safe as well as effective proprietary components that have the power to minimize weight gain, advertise wellness, and maintain acceptable health degrees. These components include:
Bacterium lactis: when your colon is bordered by high toxic substance levels, the threat of the bacteria in charge of creating a burning feeling and swelling boosts. The microorganism lactis job by cleaning the digestive tract network as well as dealing with digestive conditions. Its effectiveness and also job device have been clinically verified, although even more research studies are still in progress to offer more clear details. Bacterium Longum: Energetic and also tested to function by the Motility as well as Neurogastroenterology Journal, germs longum is an effective treatment for tension and also anxiety-related problems. The active ingredient manages bad germs that trigger hypersensitivity and also irritation. It does so by advertising healthier gut health. Lactobacillus Paracasei– L: the last energetic and also efficient active ingredient in this supplement is Lactobacillus paracasei, a powerful antioxidant that positively influences the digestive system tract’s wellness. It’s a reliable microbe that works by hindering the diarrhea-causing germs activities, reducing lactose intolerance, and enhancing the digestive system’s rate of food waste ejection. According to the Infection Diseases Journal reports, Lactobacillus Casei intake can attach the weight management process while maintaining your healthy levels. Biofit Tea Not Working Why Do You Need BioFit Probiotic Supplement?
BioFit probiotic supplement includes tons of exceptional benefits that you make certain to enjoy. Whatever your cause of weight gain, below are factors you must include BioFit Probiotic pills to your weight management strategy:
Proper consumption of the BioFit tablets will enhance the levels of good bacteria in the customer’s stomach, inevitably bring about lower food cravings. You will no more crave unhealthy food or anything your eyes reach see so that you would certainly be eating healthy. Biofit Tea Not Working BioFit tablets supply sufficient of the great germs to your system, assisting in a smooth as well as effective weight loss process. Consumption of these weight-loss pills will additionally increase your power levels, aiding the burning of excess body fats. When taken correctly, these pills will certainly stop acid indigestion, guaranteeing food is digested totally and quick. As your digestion system is improved, your body energy will certainly be enhanced, and your total wellness increased, as well. BioFit supplement works to activate Melatonin production, an effective relaxing hormone in our bodies. As you delight in far better sensations of relaxation, your tension degrees will drop, and also your evening sleep will certainly be increased. The BioFit probiotic supplement also helps the appropriate absorption of crucial nutrients from foods, including minerals, healthy proteins, and also minerals. As your body enjoys from the high nutrients absorbed, the energy degrees will sprout out, as well as you will certainly no longer experience tiredness or tiredness. What Are the Advantages of BioFit Weight Loss Supplement?
The capacities of the BioFit weight management supplement have been determined, and also the outcomes were outstanding. People who occurred to use this supplement had a great deal of favorable points to state. Detailed right here are a few of such favorable facets of the BioFit probiotic supplement:
It helps in relieving stress and anxiousness, offering you a relaxed as well as delightful night’s rest. It lowers belly acids, decreasing issues with high experiences and also swelling. The supplement aids reduce poor cholesterol, decreasing stubborn belly fat, and the risk of a cardiac arrest. The supplement activates the body’s device in charge of correct digestion and also absorption of vital body minerals, vitamins, and also proteins. Correct intake of BioFit pills help in lowering food digestion issues, bloating, as well as looseness of the bowels. The supplement works surprisingly to speed fat burning. The powerful components guarantee the accomplished weight can be maintained for longer. Biofit Tea Not Working With this supplement, the production of happiness-triggering chemicals such as serotonin and dopamine is enhanced. Favorably harmonizes our body and brain chemistry leading to healthier as well as better lifestyles. High power levels make it much easier to exercise. BioFit pills come with a 180-day money-back guarantee. It’s a risk-free and efficient weight-loss supplement. The pills are manufactured in FDA-approved as well as GMP-certified center. The pills are GMO-free and have no toxic substances or stimulants. What Are the Disadvantages Of This Supplement?
It can not be made use of together with other drugs, particularly those used for dealing with severe disorders.
It can not be used with anti-biotics. As an energetic ingredient in this supplement, germs lactis is rather sensitive as well as can combat anti-biotics. The food-grade lactococcus lactis can trigger numerous allergies. Because it’s an all-natural laxative, when consumed in plenty, it may set off bowel discontent. Is BioFit Probiotic a Magical Service?
The solution is no. There is no fat burning services certified to be called wonderful. Even if a supplement’s ingredients are taken in quickly, it will take you weeks, if not months, of proper usage to accomplish visible results. Like various other supplements, BioFit has naturally-sourced ingredients and correctly taken, it would reveal results within the anticipated timeframe. Yes, by taking the supplement, you make sure to witness a change in your weight gain patterns, however that won’t be immediate.
As per past users, the supplement will begin revealing some results after a few weeks of consumption. The duration could be 2 week or more, however genuine outcomes will certainly be seen in between a couple of months. As a way to verify that the manufacturer has trust in what this supplement can do, they are offering you a 90-day money-back guarantee, so if you don’t see results within 2-3 months, you can ask for a full reimbursement.
After taking this supplement as per the manufacturer’s standards, you need to expect your freshly accomplished healthy and balanced and also trim body to last. In most circumstances, if you preserve a healthy and balanced way of life and also good diet programs plans, the results could be long-term. Nevertheless, if you readjust back to your old way of life right after the 90-days of the supplement consumption are over, the results may not last more than two years.
BioFit Probiotic Supplement Cost and Where to Buy
Clients can purchase this supplement now from the manufacturer’s main web site. You will seldom locate this supplement sold anywhere else, apart from the main supplier’s site. Also the advised sites will certainly use a web link directing you to the official producer’s web site. When you head to the main maker’s site, you will certainly be routed to a number of bundles supplied by the producer. These plans are:
Fundamental bundle: This is the most expensive package BioFit supplement. You’re obtaining a solitary BioFit bottle for $69. The package includes complimentary delivery, and the package is delivered to your doorstep after getting. Most prominent bundle: This package is less expensive compared to the standard bundle. It requires you to get 3 BioFit supplement bottles for $177. That equates to $59 per container, saving you a whopping $30 for the whole bundle. It too comes with complimentary shipping and no extra costs. Finest value bundle: In this last plan, you’re obtaining 6 BioFit supplement bottles for a rate of $294. That equates to $49 per container, a whopping $20 conserving for each container. It’s one of the most budget friendly bundle you can ever obtain as well as comes along with totally free shipping. ( SPECIAL DEAL) Visit This Site to Obtain BioFit Probiotic Supplement with an Exclusive Price Cut Price Online Just how Safe Is This Supplement?
BioFit probiotic supplement is confirmed to be secure. It’s developed in an FDA-approved and GMP-certified facility, with each of its items created adhering to the best quality requirements. All the components made use of in the supplement are 100% all-natural and also risk-free for human use. The formula has actually undergone 3rd-party facility testing and confirmed to be pure as well as of top quality. Nevertheless, before you take the supplement, consult with your healthcare provider to know if it’s suitable for you.
Exactly how Frequently will Customers Required to Order BioFit Probiotic?
You’re encouraged to take one pill of the BioFit probiotic supplement a day. It would certainly be best to take it with an 8oz water glass to boost absorption as well as boost the food digestion speed. However, the actual number of tablets you can take a day relies on the concern you’re attending to. If handling biohm discrepancies and digestive system issues, you will need to take a pill everyday, which corresponds to thirty pills a month. As well as since a container contains 30 vegan tablet computers, you will need one container throughout the month.
If you’re addressing a number of situations of digestion disturbances and severe levels of body fat, you will require to take in 2 tablet computers a day. That corresponds to 60 tablets or two bottles of vegetarian bottles a month.
Biofit Tea Not Working I Have Used The Tablets For Two Months and also Still No Results; What Can One Do?
The supplement is proven to work, however similar to every other supplement, it does not benefit every person. Sure, it could have helped a buddy, however it may not work for you. BioFit probiotic supplement manufacturer understands this and also does supply a 90-day money-back warranty to cater for such inevitable situations.
Is BioFit an Obvious Rip-off or Legit Probiotic Weight Reduction Formula?
The BioFit rip-off story discovered online is picking up heavy steam, as well as permanently reason. With simply a little of research as well as monitoring tools, one can see the clear surge in the BioFit probiotic need is absolutely nothing except meteoric. Offered the in-demand nature of the BioFit weight reduction item naturally’s Formula, one can securely assume there will be unethical scammers who try to tempt in and also take advantage of consumers who have refrained from doing the correct due diligence in order to comprehend how to safeguard themselves to the maximum.
Thankfully, those reading this will certainly have a much easier time making certain not only best consumer defense, yet the most effective rates and also easiest method to order the preferred probiotic item for reducing weight normally. As Chrissie Miller points out during the main GoBioFit discussion for the BioFit probiotic, the only method to get BioFit goes to GoBioFit.com where the item has actually been rigorously evaluated as well as authentically sourced. All of the middlemen are prevented as well for less charges, offering clients the greatest cost savings with the most affordable price feasible. After that to top it off, the VIP-level assistance group exists to answer any kind of issues and all concerns before making an order initially. And also the 3 totally free benefits in addition to the industry-leading 180-day money back ensure if the 7-strain probiotic pills do not work for you.
The concept that the BioFit probiotic formula for weight loss is an evident scam is tough to believe Biofit Tea Not Working in regards to transparency, affordability as well as safe outcomes. There are many legit probiotic supplements on the market, but BioFit has a distinct strategy in the direction of satisfying anti-obesity buildings as a result of the components made to interfere with digestion disruptions that plague those who suffer from undesirable eating behaviors, medications with negative effects or excess gas and stubborn belly bloat. As the saying goes, individual results will certainly vary when making use of BioFit, but the probabilities may get piled in the fat burning fanatics favor as a result of the Nature’s Formulas giant probiotic pill, BioFit. Stay away from the economical pills and deceitful Amazon.com listings or Ebay, and also with the free perks, 6-month reimbursement window and also a transparent firm with over 20 years of all-natural wellness supplements knowledge, it is a simple decision if you made it this far on whether or not the BioFit probiotic pill for fat burning weight-loss advantages is right for you today.
Verdict
BioFit probiotic is among one of the most effective and also safe weight management supplements currently on sale. It works by increasing your metabolic rate, promoting intestine health, relieving stress-induced resting disorder, and also assisting your body transform kept fats right into power. You might need to take with your medical professional prior to taking the supplement if you’re experiencing serious health and wellness problems, nursing, or pregnant.
The BioFit website is loaded with a substantial “referrals” section. This is constantly something our editors expect, as it gives us with a chance to dive right into the appropriate clinical research study to check out the efficiency of the core components of a formula. For BioFit, a long listing of double-blind as well as peer-reviewed write-ups on BioFit’s active ingredients backs at least some percentage of the claims being made on the item site. We do know that probiotic solutions are being backed by a minimum of some people in the clinical neighborhood, as well as utilizing probiotics may assist consumers to lose weight while continuing to consume some of the foods they like.
Biofit Tea Not Working
Overall, we’re still a bit skeptical that BioFit probiotic supplements can aid you lose weight without any extra job. Truthfully, you’ll want to incorporate supplements with diet plan and exercise if you intend to see anything in the way of substantial outcomes. Nonetheless, users that wish to attempt a probiotic supplement ought to take into consideration giving BioFit a shot today.
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What is a videowall?
A videowall is a display system that consists on a distribution of projectors or monitors that work together as a single consistent unit, a processing system that allows the reception and distribution of different sources of information in the arrangement.
How is a videowall use?
The videowall is often used to provide multiple sources of visual information in one place easily visible to anyone within a room, such as a network monitoring center or command and control room. They are also often used in digital signage to create impact and attract attention with large images in company lobbies, train stations, retail locations, and other public settings.
How important is videowall content management?
Within monitoring centers and critical environments, the videowall plays a fundamental role in decision-making, so correct access to data and its control are essential. Thus, the deployment, customization and management of the content to be viewed are determining factors in the success, speed and justification of these decisions.
As part of the definition of the technological solution for a videowall, it is very important to consider how the management of its content will be carried out, considering that the manager or processor of the videowall will allow greater flexibility to customize the canvas of visualization (arrangement of screens) and that by means of this it will be possible to have available various types of fonts and “layouts” (arrangement of fonts within the canvas), at different times or demands of the operation.
Currently there are still analog solutions on the market, however, new technologies and digital equipment have been designed to improve control and different signals such as image quality, signal efficiency, data accuracy, collaboration and delivery of sources, the scalability and stability of the systems, among others.
Which factors must be considered in the manager of a videowall?
Since control centers are specialized rooms to attend and manage critical processes, it is very important to consider the following factors that can impact the effectiveness of the content and, in general, the use of display systems.
Image quality and performance
For the content to be relevant and fulfill its function, it is important to know during the design of the videowall parameters according to the environment that allow the content to be clearly visualized, considering the human factor and the criticality of the content.
Because videowalls are typically large and highly visible, your images should always appear bright and sharp, and content should be clear and easy to decipher. Videowall processing must provide consistent image performance regardless of signal load, maintain the original frame rate of high-motion content, and preserve essential image details, including text and graphics. A videowall processor also needs to respond to user commands without delay, even when handling input and output signals under full load.
Scalability and versatility
It must be possible to see and interact with multiple types of sources (applications, programs, equipment, web services, IP video, streaming, among others) through a multi-canvas concept, which allows generating different arrangements with these sources and saving the different layouts depending on the time of the operation.
Each operation is unique, therefore each videowall is also unique. This is why the solution to be implemented must allow the reception of different types of content and the easy combination or arrangement of this information. And that even, as the operation transforms and grows, new information from different sources can be discharged in the same environment.
Comprehensive management and easy collaboration
Usualy, decisions are made by different people in different locations, therefore, it is important that the information is in a network environment that allows it to be sent and received from and to any screen (be it a monitor or videowalls in other rooms) of agile and efficient way.
Both in a crisis room and in operating positions, it should be possible to create perspectives (content grouping) to share with co-workers, thus facilitating the communication of key information and decision-making inside and outside the control center.
Accessibility
Videowalls are one of the most complex types of AV systems to configure and adjust. The end user will be a system operator who may not have detailed knowledge of the configuration or functions of the controller and management software. Therefore, the ideal is to provide an intuitive user interface, for example a touch screen with a simple button layout that allows the user to easily select presets for window layouts or to switch between input sources.
Reliability
A videowall must provide continuous and robust reliability at all times when deployed in critical environments, so that both the screens and the controller and its content manager, should not need to completely deactivate the system at any time, including maintenance and/or replacement of parts.
Custom solutions
It is important that you have availability to integrate third-party programs through APIs that generate other functionalities, for example, alarms before events in the processes.
Security and configuration
One of the most critical issues within the control centers is computer security, so the system must guarantee a high level of security against intrusions and failures (access to the interior of the LAN can be limited). Additionally, it is recommended that there is always a control of user roles that allows limiting or restricting the use of information according to the profile of each system operator, while the work of these users is saved, allowing the last status to be automatically retrieved of the session of each operator and maintaining their established configuration and the various custom layouts.
Within the multidisciplinary team of GESAB there are experts to study and propose the best and most innovative technologies and customized solutions that allow each monitoring center, regardless of the size of the space or sector of the company, develop the maximum potential to have key information at the right time.
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Hospitals are gradually outsourcing core activities to third-party service providers, like IT services and medical billing. The hospitals primarily outsource medical billing and IT services to third-party service providers because of the dearth of expertise and unavailability of trained professionals in the industry. Furthermore, the hospital outsourcing industry has further transformed outsourcing processes owing to […]
A Hospital Asset Management system helps to protect and manage hospital equipment. It uses automated software systems to monitor the environment on hospital campuses. Technology solutions are gaining traction due to the rising concerns regarding security. It offers a competitive edge to hospitals by positioning their premises as monitored and secure places. Also, it gives […]
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"Purchase generic geodon on line, depression line".
By: H. Gembak, M.B. B.A.O., M.B.B.Ch., Ph.D.
Deputy Director, Michigan State University College of Osteopathic Medicine
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Gross clinical assessment of the wound is highly dependent on the prior experience and training of the clinician bipolar depression blogs generic geodon 40 mg otc. They specifically analyzed second harmonic generation and two-photon excited fluorescence signals trade depression definition proven 40mg geodon. With the current shift towards interdisciplinary preclinical and clinical research anxiety levels discount geodon 80mg with mastercard, researchers are now well poised to conduct integrated studies at the interface of the cutting edge of both optical technology and biology, to address key fundamental questions on the biological processes which underlie the dynamics of wound healing. Implications on the combined use of the pulsed dye laser and a topical angiogenesis inhibitor for treatment of port wine stain birthmarks. A significant increase in the incidence of cervical cancer is observed for women in the early reproductive age group (by 2% yearly on average) [2]. Detection and treatment of precancerous abnormalities and early-stage cervical cancer can prevent up to 80% of invasive diseases [1]. This situation requires accurate diagnostic techniques providing effective management of women with abnormal screening tests. The aim of colposcopy is to identify disease, to obtain representative specimens for histological verification, and to direct patient management. Unfortunately, recent research shows that colposcopic grade and histologic lesion grade are not closely correlated [3]. This is connected with significant errors in colposcopic assessment, subjectivism, and a considerable dependence on the experience of clinicians. The only compensating strategy for timely and accurate diagnosis of early cervical cancer and high-grade premalignant lesion is considered to be morphologic examination of specimens obtained by a large excisional procedure or multiple random biopsies [7, 8]. Such an approach can induce complications due to invasiveness and increase costs and time. It allows one to ensure adequate diagnosis and, at the same time, to avoid over-treatment and over-expense. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee for scientific studies with human subjects; written informed consent was obtained from all patients. The inclusion criterion was indication for colposcopy and the exclusion criterion was age under 18 years. The standard equipment for colposcopy and methodology with 5% acetic acid local application (traditional colposcopic test) were used. The system has the following technical characteristics: central wavelength, 1300 nm; radiation power, not exceeding 6. To reduce artifacts related to unintentional movements of the probe and the studied object, the distal end of the probe has to be in contact with the tissue. At the present stage of clinical study, 135 female patients of reproductive age (mean age 32 Ж 1. Analysis of results was based on morphologic verification (a group of 100 patients) and 3 years of follow-up (a group of 35 patients). One is two-layer structure with different optical properties of the layers (a moderately scattering upper layer and a strongly scattering lower layer) and a highly contrasted boundary between layers (Figure 58. The second type represents images with a disturbed structure of layers or without layer stratification identified, but with lowscattering areas with high-contrast boundaries (Figure 58. The third type includes non-structured images but demonstrating a high signal to a depth of 1. The most typical indicator of malignant class is a non-structured image with a large decrease in signal resulting in a low imaging depth (usually 0. The other type, which is observed much more rarely than the first type, is a two-layered structure where each layer demonstrates high scattering and a substantial decrease in the signal (Figure 58. The images with a disturbed structure which cannot be clearly identified as benign or malignant are classified as suspicious. At present we distinguish two groups of images: biopsy indication and no biopsy indication. It was found that in the control group the biopsy was performed for 13 out of 20 patients; in seven cases repeated biopsy was required, and finally cervical neoplasia was diagnosed in two patients. In the main group, indications for biopsy were found for 11 patients out of 35, and indications for repeated biopsy were absent; cervical cancer was diagnosed in six patients. Hence over-biopsy in the control group was performed in 25 cases compared with five cases in the main group. This technique is very helpful in female patients of reproductive age, particularly in cases of questionable interpretation of colposcopic data and limitations of or contraindications to biopsy. For example, 1% of cervical cancers are detected during pregnancy and there are an increasing number of References j883 premalignant lesions in these cases for which diagnosis and evaluation are not easy.
These elaborated methods were applied especially for the follow-up of high-risk patients and for the evaluation of the dynamic change of lesions that do not fulfill dermoscopic criteria [8 bipolar depression in teenagers order discount geodon online, 18 prenatal depression symptoms quiz buy geodon cheap online, 19] anxiety mayo clinic buy cheap geodon 20 mg. Criteria that were more frequently associated with malignant melanoma compared with melanocytic nevi include marked architectural disarray and a blurred dermo-epidermal junction [20] (Figures 53. Controlled studies on sensitivity and specificity of the method are lacking, however. In an investigation on 117 melanocytic lesions including 27 malignant melanomas, the sensitivities and specificities of five observers were reported to be 5996 and 94100%, respectively [21]. Typical features described for the malignant melanoma include the non-edged papillae, irregular nests of atypical melanocytes, a pronounced dissolution of the normal epidermal structure, the existence of large, highly refractive cells with a prominent nucleus in the epidermis, and large dendritic cells with long, irregular branches, and also atypical nests of cerebriform morphology [23]. In contrast, benign melanocytic nevi are characterized by small, monomorphic, round to oval cells at the dermo-epidermal junction (junctional nevi), or at the junction and in the superficial dermis (compound nevi). Furthermore, both the visualization of regular, homogeneously structured nests of melanocytes and a regular structure of the epidermis are considered to be decisive criteria for the classification of a lesion as benign nevus. Here, the structure of the epidermis may follow either a honeycomb or a cobblestone pattern. Dysplastic nevi display irregularly structured papillae with modified shapes, and also the existence of atypical melanocytes at the junction zone [21, 24] (Figure 53. Seborrheic keratoses are characterized by a cerebriform architecture of the epidermis, well-defined, round, black areas filled with whorled refractive material (horn cysts), and enlarged papillary rings lined by brightly refractive cells (pigmented keratinocytes). Vitiligo presents a complete loss of dermal papillary rings at the dermo-epidermal junction and no bright cells in the epidermis. The features of lentigo include hyperrefractive dermal papillary rings with ovoid to annular or polycyclic contours at the dermo-epidermal junction. Melasma is characterized by increased cobblestoning and the presence of dendritic melanocytes at the basal cell layer [25]. While most of the fluorophores are located intracellularly, elastin and collagen as extracellular matrix proteins also have fluorescent properties. Sensitivities and specificities values up to 95 and 97%, respectively, were achieved for diagnostic classification. The most significant diagnostic criteria include architectural disarray of the epidermis, poorly defined keratinocyte cell borders and the presence of pleomorphic or dendritic cells [26] (Figures 53. The fluorescence lifetime distribution was found to correlate with the intracellular amount of melanin [27]. Spectral analysis of melanoma revealed a main fluorescente peak around 470 nm in combination with an additional peak close to 550 nm throughout all epiclermal layers [27]. These spectral signatures can be used to identify unknown substances in a sample, or to differentiate samples according to their chemical constituency. In this pilot study, a high correlation of the Fourier transform Raman spectra was observed between the elements of the same group. A great variation was found in the pigmented nevi and in the malignant melanoma group, whereas no significant variation of the spectra was observed for normal control skin sites. Measured in the vibrational modes for polysaccharides, tyrosine, and amide-I, the discriminatory analysis showed an efficiency of 75. In further examinations of small groups of patients, lymph node and brain metastases of malignant melanoma could also be differentiated [29, 30]. Therefore, for the noninvasive differentiation of skin tumors, the vascular pattern is taken into account, in most examination methods. The results showed the highest perfusion in junctional nevi and malignant melanomas. This technique, however, is preferably employed in combination with other examination methods owing to its low sensitivity and specificity. Results of a meta-analysis using techniques adapted to the evaluation of diagnostic tests. An Atlas with Clinical, Dermoscopic and Histological Correlations, Informa Healthcare, London. This same network of vessels also plays a key role in wound repair and thermoregulation. Because of this, reliable measures of cutaneous blood flow are necessary for a variety of pharmacological and physiological studies [1], and also for a number of direct clinical applications, including evaluating skin blood flow reserve in diabetic patients [2], assessing cutaneous flow in patients suffering from hypertriglyceridemia [3], determining vascular resistance for the differential diagnosis of vascular disease [4], investigating the effects of locally applied pressure on the development of pressure ulcers [5], studying the changes in blood flow following burns [6], and assessing the changes in the microvascular blood flow dynamics associated with photodynamic therapy [7]. From a historical perspective, there have been numerous approaches for measuring blood flow and inferring perfusion (the product of the scalar flow velocity and the concentration of red blood cells in the probed area).
Syndromes
Anyone living in a long-term care facility
Sex role development is based in the toddler years. It is important for the child to have appropriate role models of both sexes. Single parents should make sure the child has the chance to spend time with a relative or friend who is the opposite sex of the parent. Never be critical about the other parent. When the child has sexual play or exploration with peers, redirect the play and tell the child that it is inappropriate. Do not shame the child for this natural curiosity.
With your support, Global Rights for Women can do more to promote women’s human rights through focusing on effective legal reform on violence against women. There are many ways you can support Global Rights for Women!
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If perhaps you were looking for tips about how to invest in a house, this is the excellent article for you. The purchase of a dwelling needs time to work. Without household, not actually that extremely pretty bungalow using the wonderful fenced-at the spine garden, is absolutely really worth jumping into prior to you close the eyes. You now know furthermore critical: your property. Possessing a loan provider prequalify you for your property finance loan can make it a whole lot less difficult.
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But certain things are merely as crucial when purchasing any residence. That a couple of things ought to be your top rated two simple methods to get a dwelling. You will possess zero hassle in obtaining a superb ending budget range for your home.
The earliest suggestion in order to obtain a house to always have a realtor with you, due to the fact if you the two of these elements proper. This does not only increase the risk for entire house-purchasing process easier but helps ensure that you will have a real estate agent who’s going to be current with the current current market principles in their local community. A broker will understand each of the communities in your neighborhood and might simply record the homes for sale for the appropriate price. These providers tend to be referred to as broker agents, but their products and services are in reality delivered by property or home administration businesses (PMC’s) – they deal with the stock, have the estimates and close the promotions. So, if you trust your house-buying process to the skilled brokerage service.
Your second crucial idea in order to get hold of a house to actually carryout a radical home evaluation, it’s advisable. This check up is utterly crucial to actually will never be obtaining any problems in the future. There are numerous customers that are not confident adequate to check the home for the problems and in addition they find themselves getting a house-shopper’s regret. You must never obtain a property without using a property inspection done and if possible to be a consumer, it is best to pay for the assessment yourself. A pre-acquire dwelling evaluation helps you to avert bad surprises as time goes on.
The last measure on how to get a home requires calling your mortgage lender and becoming before-ending instructions. And here , your loan company is regarded as the important man or woman in relation to obtaining money. Your bank will finish up canceling your closing, which is incredibly achievable if you haven’t followed the specified closings methods, if you can not continue with the ending guidance. Your bank is likely to require that you present your occupation and consumer credit track record, and type of security you may set up maybe a new title.
Everybody is shocked to master that this high closing costs could vary considerably based on your lender and the real estate adviser you choose. There are a few loan merchants who present you with a common range of closing costs and several other people who demand added. Lots of agents will not discuss their costs right down to absolutely nothing. That may be the one thing is for sure and this. If you’re sufficiently lucky to get pick one up who will, then you should deal in regards to the settlement costs and continue to get the overall lowest cost attainable.
Another measure on the way to get hold of a household is to figure out what kind of monthly interest you are likely to pay and how much of a monthly payment you’ll have to make. Your lender will aid this likewise. Or should they be unwilling to schedule an appointment you concerning this, you should hunt for another loan provider, if your mortgage lender won’t present any guidance with regards to the interest. Everything you should do is contact your loan provider and get them about these.
The ultimate and very last move on how to invest in a dwelling will involve purchasing for your household if you’d like to learn about your closing costs. You have to discover a real estate agent that can demonstrate buildings in your town at rates which might be acceptable to you. You should identify your financial budget and also your real estate broker must be prepared to be of assistance to be sure you have a great notion of what your per month spending plan looks like. When you have accomplished this all, you are to relocate frontward and savor the rest of your living within your new house.
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We went back in time and stole the secret of good health. A fistful of Flaxseed will keep you healthy all the way! Loaded with nutrients, these tiny super seeds are a must-have. Roasted Flax seeds are a good snacking option. Flax Seed is a rich source of healthy fat, antioxidants, and fiber. Flax seeds are loaded with nutrients. If you don’t eat fish, flax seeds can be your best source of omega-3 fats.
Best quality seeds are hand sorted and dry roasted with rock salt to get the perfect crisp and taste.
Benefits of Roasted Flax Seeds :
It may Cancer protection
It may lower cholesterol
It may Improve heart health
It may Improve blood sugar
It may Protect against radiation
Weight management
How to eat Roasted Flax Seed? ( how to use it? )
If you buy whole flax seeds, grind as needed and add to yogurt, oatmeal, cereal, smoothies, and baked goods. You can sprinkle flax seeds on your salad. Make it the base of your breakfast bowl.
Q. Is it salted??? Can I use this package of flaxseed for skin and hair Or eat only? Ans: These are Roasted and salted. You can eat them as a healthy snack.
Q. Is this good for hair growth? Ans: Yes.
Q. Best way to consume flax seeds? Ans: Raw flax seed contains few doses of toxins hence consuming roasted flax seeds will preserve the taste and its health benefits.
Q. How much flaxseed do we need to eat for best results with hair? Ans: 1-2 tsp flaxseed a day.
Q. Do they help in weight loss? Yes. They do help us lose weight.
Q. What’s the best nutrient in Flaxseed? Ans: Flax seeds are Omega 3 rich.
Q. Best time to eat flaxseed? day/ night? Ans: Anytime is a good time for flaxseeds. Avoid eating before the meal as it decreases your appetite?
Q. Does flax help in digestion? Ans: It has anti-inflammatory elements that help you digest heavy meals and helps prevent acid reflux.
Q. Can Flax Seeds be consumed during pregnancy? Ans: Consult a doctor before eating flaxseeds.
Q.Can I use them to gain weight? Ans: Pumpkin seeds are loaded with calories, eating them in good amounts can lead to weight gain.
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